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The process of coffee production yields a lot of waste. Based on the observation, there was no innovation in the use of cascara to have high economic value, some amount of abundant cascara is used by the farmers as cattle feed and the rest is sold. The aim of this research was to analyze the level of innovation in cascara utilization by the coffee farmers. The variables of this research were the type of innovation used by the cascara community and the analysis of the economic value that has been obtained. The methods used were survey, interview, and questionnaire. The respondents of this study consisted of 26 coffee farmers in Jember regency. The results showed that the farmers who used cascara as fertilizer were 3.9%, cattle feed by 7.7%, used cascara tea of 3.9%, sold cascara by 65.3% and disposed it as much 19.2%. Based on the economic value, the use of cascara which has the lowest value is disposed it while the higher one is sold it, use it as cattle feed, fertilizer and cascara tea. Education for farmers is needed to make cascara benefits well in producing innovative and environmentally friendly products.

Indonesia is the largest coffee exporter in the world, which is in the fourth position after Brazil, Vietnam and Colombia. However, the productivity of coffee produced from year to year tends to decrease and not optimal. This happens because of many factors, one of which is the type of shade plants used. Inappropriate shade plants affect the growth and productivity of coffee plants. The purpose of this research was to analyze the utilization of Gamal plant (Gliricidia sepium) as a shade for coffee plants. The respondents of this research were 35 coffee farmers in Jember and Banyuwangi regencies. The research variables measured included the types of coffee shade plants, reasons for using shade plants and farmers' knowledge about Gamal plant as a shade for coffee plants. The data collection was carried out using survey, interview and questionnaire. The data collection was done directly with the primary source. The results of this research informed that the shade plants used by coffee farmers were varied, such as banana, lamtoro, coconut tree, Gamal, avocado and sengon trees. Most of the coffee farmers used bananas by 86%, avocados by 65%, and wood by 46% as a shade. They chose the plants because they were easier to maintain, cheap seeds and produced fruit and woods which could be sold. Based on the literature, the most effective shade plants for coffee plants were Gamal plants. However, Gamal plant (Gliricidia sepium) is still not widely used by coffee farmers because the seeds are too expensive and it does not produce fruit that can be sold. The conclusion of this research was that most of the coffee farmers were still unaware and did not use Gamal as a shade plants.

21st century learning characteristics4C ( Communications, Collaboration, Critical Thingking an d Problem Solving, and Creativi y ), train ket e rampilan learn to innovate, skills in using the technology, media information, and skills of the workforce. The learning approach that matches the 4C character is the STEM approach. STEM is an integrated learning approach in all disciplines that trains students to innovate, and has a positive impact on learning outcomes. Although STEM-based learning has begun with its emergence the problem is in accordance with the concept, but the problem does not yet reflect the contextual problem ( Contextual Problem ). Learning about environmental change material even though it starts with a problem, but learning in schools only focuses on understanding the theory and literature without direct implementation in the lives of students. Based on that problem, the need for textbooks that discusses the concepts and technologies in a balanced, integrated, and include c ontextual problem in order to facilitate the students understand the concept of environmental changes in life. This study aims to develop a book teaching of environmental changes based STMCpE valid, effective, and practical. This research uses the 4D development method, namely Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate and mixed method which consists of quantitative and qualitative research. Qualitative research in the form of research development STMCpE-based textbooks. Quantitative research uses the pure post-test only control design experimental method.in the normality test the normal distribution of data obtained, and the homogeneity test obtained homogeneous data, so that parametric data analysis needs to be done using an independent sample t-test analysis. Based on the results of research are: (1) Development of a book teaching generated already included katego ri valid, effective and practical, (2) Application of learning scientifically based STMCpE significant effect on the ability of solving students' y ang shown on the significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.05)

The development of Worksheets based on the STEM approach pays attention to the elements of writing, the hierarchy of materials, and the selection of questions as an efficient and effective stimulus. This research aims to produce Worksheets based on the STEM approach that meets the feasibility of improving students’ critical thinking skills. The development model in this research refers to the 4D (four-D) research and development model by taking sample data from high school science students in the former Besuki Residency, namely Jember, Situbondo, Banyuwangi, and Bondowoso Regencies. The research instrument uses tests, observations, and documentation. The research results show that Worksheets based on the STEM approach meet the valid, practical, and effective criteria for improving students’ critical thinking skills. This research implies that the availability of Worksheets is expected for students to research teaching materials independently. In Worksheet, students will get materials, summaries, and assignments related to the material.

The GI-GI learning model is a combination of the Group Investigation and the Guided Inquiry model. The research aimed to examine the effect of the GI-GI learning model on collaboration and students’ science process skills. The type of research carried out was Quasi-Experimental and used a post-test only control group design and purposive sampling covering four high schools in the Besuki Residency, two classes as the experimental class and the control class. The research instrument used tests, observations, and documentation. The results showed a significant effect of the GI-GI learning model on collaboration and students’ science process skills. This research implies that the GI-GI learning model can condition students to research in groups to interact actively with friends and educators to exchange opinions, knowledge, or experiences, find and solve problems, and hypothesize through investigation, exploration, and discussion outside or inside in class.

This research aimed at describing the feasibility of gamification-based biology learning materials for senior high school students in the industrial agricultural area in Jember, Indonesia. The feasibility was based on the content validity, construct validity, and student responses. The development procedure of the learning materials used Plomp’s development model which consisted of the preliminary investigation - design - realization - test, evaluation, and revision – implementation stages. The learning materials developed in this research were the syllabus and lesson plans, material modules, gamification modules. The research data were collected using interviews, observation, tests, questionnaires and documentation. The feasibility of the developed learning materials obtained very feasible criteria based on the average score by the expert team. Therefore, it can be concluded that the learning materials developed in this research are very feasible to be implemented in schools viewed from the content validity, construct validity, and student responses.

This study aims to develop textbooks on Brain-Based Learning in Materials Organization of Life for the Junior High School. 92.8% of 70 students from Tenth Junior High School said need an interesting picture book, 92.8% of 70 students require illustrative images that support the material, and 89.9% said need a book that helps remember long-term. The purpose of this study is to obtain a development process and textbook based on Brain-Based Learning (BBL) that Effectiveness for The Students Junior High School in science learning. Method tools are using mneumonic, comic strips, songs and images. This research was conducted in MTs Nurul Huda Banyuwangi with research subjects of class VII A in the academic year 2019/2020. The type of this research is (research and development), using 4-D model Thiagarajan, but only used 3 stages define, design, and develop. The technique of collecting data is by collecting test methods, teachers’ interview, questionnaire for teachers and students, and observation. The data analysis technique consists of effectiveness analysis by using N-gain and learning retention. The results shows that 31 students experienced an increase in learning outcomes from the low to the good category. Effectiveness can be seen from the difference in the pre-test and post-test in the N-gain test with 0.77 which indicates a high category. Retention results were obtained based on analysis of learning retention at 93.25 with a high category.

Freshwater gastropods are benthic fauna whose live under the water surface or attached to the bottom rocks of the river, pond, or lake. Ranu Grati is a freshwater lake located in District Pasuruan, East Java. Information on gastropod community from this lake is still scarce. We surveyed Ranu Grati from November 2019 until February 2020 to find out the gastropod’s diversity. We found 118 individual gastropoda consist of five families and six species. Gastropod’s community in Ranu Grati was classified as moderate (H ′= 1,415). Morphology of each species will be discussed briefly in this paper.

As an archipelago country, Indonesia has a large coastal area. The condition of a coastal area known as underdeveloped regions. That condition correlated with the low quality of education, so need to be improved. It can be changed by optimalizing requires with special skills for students to be able to solve problems. Develop a learning model designed with enjoyable learning, one of them is EXAIR model of learning (combination of Example Non-Example model and AIR model) based on BBL (Brain-Based Learning). The aim of this research was to create a learning model and to increase problem-solving skills. The research was conducted by using 4D method. The first step is to define which is used to know the needs, the second step is to design which is used to produce the prototype model, the third step is the development used to produce a book of instruction learning model EXAIR based BBL. This research then continued with quasi-experiment. The result on product validation is 84.47% and the category is very valid. The results showed a significant effect on the BBL-based EXAIR learning model with a probability value of 0.00 <0.05.

Indonesian fisheries, which are predominantly artisanal, have provided 54% of the animal protein intake to the country's population, accounted for 2% of the employment absorption and increased the fisher's prosperity index by 8.7% from 2014 to 2020. However, their operations have a significant environmental impact, including the fish resource depletion and intensive energy use. Sustainably managing these fishing operations is an essential yet complex task given the requirements to proportionally account for fish resources, fishing technology and fisheries organisations. This paper focuses on the energy intensity of these operations which is particularly important given its correlation with operational costs, productivity and environmental impact. Data was collected from fieldwork in Palabuhanratu, one of the fishing regions in Indonesia which has an artisanal fishing fleet counting hundreds of vessels and is typical of many fishing regions in Indonesia and other developing nations. A comparative study was conducted on the four principal types of vessels operated in Palabuhanratu Bay, pelagic Danish seiners, hand liners, trammel netters and lift net fishing units. Statistics published by the fishing port were used to conclude that trammel netters, which are targetting demersal species, are the most energy intensive and that, in general, the artisanal fisheries in Palabuhanratu are less energy efficient compared to those in developed countries. Analysis of internal and external factors of fishing operations showed that the socioeconomic characteristic of this fishery determined the management measures taken to improve the energy efficiency.