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Remorse is a powerful, important and yet academically neglected emotion. This book, one of the very few extended examinations of remorse, draws on psychology, law and philosophy to present a unique interdisciplinary study of this intriguing emotion. The psychological chapters examine the fundamental nature of remorse, its interpersonal effects, and its relationship with regret, guilt and shame. A practical focus is also provided in an examination of the place of remorse in psychotherapeutic interventions with criminal offenders. The book's jurisprudential chapters explore the problem of how offender remorse is proved in court and the contentious issues concerning the effect that remorse - and its absence - should have on sentencing criminal offenders. The legal and psychological perspectives are then interwoven in a discussion of the role of remorse in restorative justice. In Remorse: Psychological and Jurisprudential Perspectives, Proeve and Tudor bring together insights of neighbouring disciplines to advance our understanding of remorse. It will be of interest to theoreticians in psychology, law and philosophy, and will be of benefit to practising psychologists and lawyers.

Objectives In shame, the self is evaluated negatively by oneself, in measures of shame-proneness, or from the perceived perspective of others, as external shame. Both types of shame are associated with anxiety and depression. Mindfulness and self-compassion are associated with shame, and some intervention approaches for shame involve meditation. Aims of the study were to predict each type of shame from mindfulness and self-compassion and to investigate the relationship between meditation practice and each type of shame. Methods A correlational design was used to investigate relationships of external shame and shame-proneness with mindfulness, self-compassion, and meditation practice. Two participant samples, of undergraduate psychology students and participants recruited from mindfulness-related websites, completed an online survey. Results For both samples, facets of mindfulness predicted external shame and shame-proneness. Self-compassion, administered to the website sample only, also predicted external shame and shame-proneness. Frequency and duration of meditation sessions predicted shame-proneness, but not external shame, in both samples. Meditation did not predict mindfulness or self-compassion for the website sample, but frequency of sessions predicted the Nonjudging facet of mindfulness for the undergraduate sample. Conclusions Meditation may be protective against shame-proneness, but other intervention practices may be needed to protect against external shame.

Objectives The use of mindfulness-based programs (MBP) with children is rapidly growing, but calls for well-designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of existing programs. Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Children (MBCT-C) has preliminary evidence for targeting internalizing symptoms in children. Within MBCT-C (and MBPs more broadly), attention is thought to be a key component of change, but mediation has been relatively unexplored. The overall aim of this small RCT was to compare MBCT-C to cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), as a preventive program for children experiencing internalizing difficulties. Methods A mixed factorial design was used, with 2 (program group) by 2 (pre- and post-intervention) conditions. Children from 3 primary schools were randomized to MBCT-C ( n = 45) or CBT ( n = 44) using random permuted blocks, with stratification by school, gender, and age. Main analyses were multi-level mixed models. Results Contrary to the hypotheses, only limited differences were found between programs. Both programs had small effects on symptoms of anxiety and depression, quality of life, attention control, and parent- and teacher-SDQ Total Difficulties, as well as moderate-large effects on shifting attention. There were no statistically significant changes in mindfulness or sustained attention. Conclusions This RCT provides a robust test of MBCT-C in a “real life” setting, demonstrating that it may be used as a clinically oriented preventive program in schools to reduce internalizing symptoms. The results challenge whether attention (as measured in this study) is a unique component of change for MBCT-C.

Culturally and religiously responsive mental mobile health (mHealth) apps may improve access to and acceptability of mental health support among migrant communities; however, evidence to inform their design remains limited. This formative study investigated mental health perceptions, digital health information-seeking, and mental mHealth app use among first-generation Arabic-speaking migrants in Australia, with the aim of informing culturally adapted mental mHealth app design. An online survey was conducted among 219 first-generation Arabic-speaking migrants in Australia (aged 18-75 years), recruited from non-clinical community settings. The survey assessed attitudes toward mental health, awareness and use of mental mHealth apps, acceptance of app-based support, and desired features. Open-ended questions provided qualitative insights into cultural and religious preferences. Strong cultural and religious influences on mental health perceptions were observed, including high agreement regarding the role of divine will and religious practices. While most participants (76.3%) used the internet to seek mental health information, awareness (45.7%) and use (6.4%) of mental mHealth apps were low. Participants expressed high acceptance of mental mHealth apps that are free, user-friendly, confidential, and professionally developed. Highly valued features included culturally informed behavioural activation, mindfulness and religious practices (such as and ), and educational content incorporating Quranic verses and prophetic narratives. Information on crisis services and local multicultural mental health providers was also considered essential. Qualitative findings supported the inclusion of faith-based community features and religious motivational content, with several participants emphasising the importance of optional rather than mandatory religious elements. There is a clear demand for mental mHealth apps tailored to the cultural and religious needs of first-generation Arabic-speaking migrants in Australia. Formative evidence from this study highlights the importance of culturally and religiously congruent design, practical support features, confidentiality, and flexibility to accommodate individual preferences when developing mental mHealth interventions.

Mobile health (mHealth) apps are increasingly deployed for evidence-based mental health interventions, broadening access to care. While effective, Internet-based Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, delivered via web or app, frequently overlooks ethnic minority and migrant populations. Effective cultural adaptation of mHealth apps is critical to their impact and accessibility; however, existing frameworks often lack specific guidance for digital contexts, relying on superficial adjustments or omitting the explicit integration of religious factors. Our novel framework fundamentally departs from prior models by embedding cultural responsiveness throughout the entire digital development lifecycle of mHealth apps, rather than treating it as a peripheral concern. This comprehensive approach is structured across four interconnected layers: adapting the therapeutic foundation (explicitly incorporating religious considerations), culturally grounding features and reframing standard tools, tailoring content and messaging, and optimizing UX/UI design. Central to this framework is a participatory co-design and prototyping methodology that ensures deep cultural insights, including religious and spiritual dimensions, are profoundly integrated from the earliest stages of development. This framework thus offers a practical, inclusive, and ethical blueprint for designing culturally relevant digital health products and can be applied and tested in future work through iterative co-design workshops, user-centred prototyping, and the development of culturally tailored digital interventions, with ongoing evaluation of their effectiveness and acceptability in diverse populations.

The tendency to experience shame or guilt is associated differentially with anxiety, depression, and substance abuse, with shame being associated with greater psychopathology. Recent interventions designed to decrease shame emphasize mindfulness or self-compassion. This study investigated correlational relationships of shame-proneness and guilt-proneness with mindfulness and with self-compassion in undergraduate participants. Shame-proneness was strongly negatively correlated with all facets of mindfulness and with self-compassion, whereas guilt-proneness was weakly positively correlated with self-compassion and some facets of mindfulness. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that shame-proneness was predicted by self-compassion but not by mindfulness. More frequent meditation was associated with greater mindfulness and self-compassion and lower shame-proneness but not guilt-proneness. Limitations of the study and implications of the findings for interventions to reduce shame are discussed.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship of two distinct variants of dispositional shame (internal and external shame) with collaborative, purpose-driven aspects of the patient–provider relationship (working alliance) and patient satisfaction. The aim of this research was to conduct a preliminary investigation into the relevance of dispositional shame in a general healthcare population. Design/methodology/approach In total, 127 community members (mean age 25.9 years) who reported that they had regularly seen a GP over the past year were recruited at an Australian university. Participants were asked to reflect on their relationship with their GP, and completed instruments assessing various domains of shame, as well as working alliance and patient satisfaction. Findings Non-parametric correlations were examined to determine the direction and strength of relationships, as well as conducting mediation analyses where applicable. Small, negative correlations were evident between external shame and working alliance. Both external and internal shame measures were also negatively correlated with patient satisfaction. Finally, the relationship of external shame to patient satisfaction was partially mediated by working alliance. Practical implications Both the reported quality of patient–provider working alliance, and level of patient satisfaction are related to levels of dispositional shame in patients, and working alliance may act as a mediator for this relationship. Originality/value The findings from this preliminary study suggest that internal and external shame are important factors to consider in the provision of medical care to maximise the quality of patient experience and working alliance.

Objectives Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face many unique challenges and experience higher parenting stress than other parenting groups. These parents also experience internalised stigma by association with their ASD affected child, known as affiliate stigma. These factors predict greater psychological distress and subsequently decreased well-being for parents. Recent evidence has suggested that the psychological construct of self-compassion may act as a protective factor against stigma, as well as positively influencing the experiences of parents. Methods An online survey was conducted with parents of children with ASD ( N = 237), administering standardised measures to investigate levels of stigma and self-compassion, as well as psychological outcomes. Results Self-compassion was positively correlated with subjective well-being and negatively correlated with psychological distress and parenting stress. Hierarchical multiple regression controlled for background factors, known predictors (child symptom severity and social support), and various aspects of stigma. Self-compassion and affiliate stigma significantly added to explained variance as a predictor of well-being, psychological distress, and parenting stress. Conclusions Self-compassion was found to predict psychological well-being, lower distress, and lower parenting stress. If self-compassion is found to be causally related to these outcomes, interventions aimed at cultivating self-compassion and decreasing affiliate stigma may have benefits for parents of children with ASD.

Background: Mindfulness-based therapy (MBT) has been demonstrated to be effective for reducing chronic pain symptoms; however, the use of MBT for Chronic Tension-Type Headache (CTH) exclusively has to date not been examined. Typically, MBT for chronic pain has involved an 8-week program based on Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction. Recent research suggests briefer mindfulness-based treatments may be effective for chronic pain. Aims: To conduct a pilot study into the efficacy of brief MBT for CTH. Method: We conducted a randomized controlled trial of a brief (6-session, 3-week) MBT for CTH. Results: Results indicated a significant decrease in headache frequency and an increase in the mindfulness facet of Observe in the treatment but not wait-list control group. Conclusion: Brief MBT may be an effective intervention for CTH.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of yoga in the management of anxiety and depression, development of mindfulness and self-compassion and implications for mental health care delivery and mental health professionals, with a specific focus on nursing practice. Design/methodology/approach A search of electronic databases Scopus, CINAHL, EMBASE, Medline and Cochrane Library was undertaken. Findings There is growing research evidence supporting the use of yoga as an adjunct or combination therapy for the management of stress, anxiety and depression. Mindfulness has been indicated as a potential mechanism of change but needs further research. Health care professionals may play an important role in supporting consumers to engage in yoga as part of their mental health care. Research limitations/implications Yoga research to date has been limited by methodological weaknesses including wide variation of yoga practices, styles and teaching methods; difficulties in double-blinding, suitable placebo-control; lack of randomised controlled trials and small sample sizes. The literature highlights that more high-quality yoga and mental health research is needed. Practical implications The paper introduces the potential role of yoga for anxiety and depression in the health care system and the role of mental health professionals in implementing and promoting holistic yoga-based therapies. Originality/value This paper proposes a yoga model for mental health and provides insight into a proposed new direction for future mental health care and the role of nursing practice and other mental health professionals.