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After the fault isolation of the outgoing power grid with a high proportion of new energy, the high-frequency shutdown of the third line of defense is an important control measure to restrain the rise of the frequency of the sending-end power grid. With the increase in the proportion of intermittent power sources such as wind power and photo-voltaic power, the frequency characteristics of the power grid have become more complex. Considering the response characteristics and emergency control capabilities of wind power and photo-voltaic power, this paper proposes a high-frequency ride-through control strategy based on new energy stations. Through coordinated control with high-frequency shutdown measures, the new energy stations can rapidly reduce their power to replace some costly conventional unit operations to achieve more economical frequency safety control, after the high-frequency machine switching round action is executed to avoid over-switching triggering low cycle load shedding when the frequency is reduced to the threshold value, it will trigger the rapid recovery of new energy power generation to meet the requirements of refined frequency stability control of modern power grids. Based on the actual planning of the high-voltage transmission end grid scale, a simulation system was built, and a new energy high-frequency ride-through model was built, which verified the feasibility of the proposed coordinated control scheme for high-frequency switching off with a high-frequency ride-through, and verified the adaptability of the proposed scheme under different operation modes.

Background Semen quality significantly influences conception, and its preservation is crucial for couples seeking pregnancy. We investigated dietary and lifestyle risk factors impacting semen quality. Methods A total of 466 males from the Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center’s pre-pregnancy consultation clinic were recruited between January 2021 and March 2023 for inclusion. Semen analysis was performed, and diet and lifestyle data were gathered via questionnaire. Logistic regression was utilized to examine the link between diet, lifestyle variables, and semen quality. Results Smoking worsened progressive sperm motility (38.0% vs. 36.0%, t = 2.262; P = 0.049). Alcohol consumption impaired progressive motility (40.5 ± 17.8% vs. 34.7 ± 16.1%, t = 3.396; P < 0.001) and total motility (56.0% vs. 64.0%; P = 0.001). Using plastic beverage bottles for oil or seasonings lowered sperm concentrations (40.4% vs. 59.0% vs. 65.5%; P = 0.032). A sweet diet correlated with higher total sperm motility (55.0% vs. 60.0%, 62.0% vs. 63.2%; P = 0.017). Higher milk product intake improved sperm concentration (41.6 10 6 vs. 63.7 10 6 vs. 66.1*10 6 ; P = 0.021) and motility (54.5% vs. 56.0% vs. 63.0%; P = 0.033). More frequent egg consumption increased semen volume (3.1 mL vs. 3.8 mL vs. 4.0 mL; P = 0.038). Roughage intake enhanced sperm concentration (160.8 10 6 vs. 224.6 10 6 ; P = 0.027), and adequate sleep improved progressive sperm motility rate (35.4% ± 18.2% vs. 40.2 ± 16.3%, F = 3.747; P = 0.024) and total motility (52.7% vs. 61.5%; P = 0.013). The regression model showed that using plastic containers for condiments was a protective factor for semen volume (OR: 0.12; CI 0.03–0.55; P = 0.006), sperm concentration (OR: 0.001, CI 0.00–0.30; P = 0.012), and count (OR: 0.12, CI 0.03–0.48; P = 0.003). Milk and egg consumption were also protective for semen volume (OR: 0.18, CI 0.06–0.51; P = 0.001 and OR: 0.11, CI 0.03–0.55; P = 0.006, respectively), while sufficient sleep benefitted total sperm motility (OR: 0.47, CI 0.24–0.95; P = 0.034). Conclusions Smoking and drinking, type of condiment container, diet preference, sleep duration, and milk, roughage, and egg consumption may reduce semen quality.

Sperm quality can be easily influenced by living environmental and occupational factors. This study aimed to discover potential semen quality related living environmental and occupational factors, expand knowledge of risk factors for semen quality, strengthen men's awareness of protecting their own fertility and assist the clinicians to judge the patient’s fertility. 465 men without obese or underweight (18.5 < BMI < 28.5 kg/m 2 ), long-term medical history and history of drug use, were recruited between June 2020 to July 2021, they are in reproductive age (25 < age < 45 years). We have collected their semen analysis results and clinical information. Logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association of semen quality with different factors. We found that living environment close to high voltage line (283.4 × 10 6 /ml vs 219.8 × 10 6 /ml, Cohen d  = 0.116, P = 0.030) and substation (309.1 × 10 6 /ml vs 222.4 × 10 6 /ml, Cohen d  = 0.085, P = 0.015) will influence sperm count. Experienced decoration in the past 6 months was a significant factor to sperm count (194.2 × 10 6 /ml vs 261.0 × 10 6 /ml, Cohen d  = 0.120, P = 0.025). Living close to chemical plant will affect semen PH (7.5 vs 7.2, Cohen d  = 0.181, P = 0.001). Domicile close to a power distribution room will affect progressive sperm motility (37.0% vs 34.0%, F = 4.773, Cohen d  = 0.033, P = 0.030). Using computers will affect both progressive motility sperm (36.0% vs 28.1%, t = 2.762, Cohen d  = 0.033, P = 0.006) and sperm total motility (57.0% vs 41.0%, Cohen d  = 0.178, P = 0.009). After adjust for potential confounding factors (age and BMI), our regression model reveals that living close to high voltage line is a risk factor for sperm concentration (Adjusted OR 4.03, 95% CI 1.15–14.18, R 2  = 0.048, P = 0.030), living close to Chemical plants is a protective factor for sperm concentration (Adjusted OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.05–0.46, R 2  = 0.048, P = 0.001) and total sperm count (Adjusted OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.13–0.99, R 2  = 0.026, P = 0.049). Time spends on computer will affect sperm total motility (Adjusted OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.11–4.73, R 2  = 0.041, P = 0.025). Sum up, our results suggested that computer using, living and working surroundings (voltage line, substation and chemical plants, transformer room), and housing decoration may association with low semen quality. Suggesting that some easily ignored factors may affect male reproductive ability. Couples trying to become pregnant should try to avoid exposure to associated risk factors. The specific mechanism of risk factors affecting male reproductive ability remains to be elucidated.

Background: LncRNAs play diverse roles and participate in various biological processes within the human body. It has been frequently reported that they are involved in the occurrence and development of recurrent spontaneous miscarriage. PRNCR1, a crucial player in several types of cancers, may also have implications for recurrent spontaneous miscarriage risk. However, the correlation between PRNCR1 rs13252298 A > G polymorphism and this risk remains unclear. In summary, we conducted the following experiments to investigate the association between the PRNCR1 polymorphic site rs13252298 and susceptibility to recurrent spontaneous miscarriage. Method: Our research included 695 healthy controls and 413 patients with recurrent spontaneous miscarriage from southern China. Genotyping was performed using the TaqMan method. Result: Our findings revealed that there is a relationship between PRNCR1 rs13252298 A > G polymorphism and lower susceptibility to recurrent spontaneous miscarriage (AG and AA: adjusted OR = 0.794, 95% CI = 0.527–1.196, p = 0.2696; GG and AA: adjusted OR = 0.705, 95% CI = 0.542–0.917, p = 0.0092; dominant model: adjusted OR = 0.722, 95% CI = 0.563–0.926, p = 0.0104; recessive model: adjusted OR = 0.949, 95% CI = 0.644–1.398, p = 0.7912). Conclusion: The results of our study demonstrate that the PRNCR1 rs13252298 A > G allele may contribute to a decreased risk of recurrent spontaneous miscarriage. The rs13252298 polymorphism could potentially serve as a biomarker for detecting recurrent spontaneous miscarriage risk and aiding prevention efforts.

Background To describe the free intervention strategy of thalassemia for childbearing couples in Guangzhou. Methods Routine hematology examinations were conducted for 137,222 couples. Among them, 37,501 couples who had mean corpuscular volume (MCV) <82 fL or mean corpuscular hemoglobin <27 pg were elected for Hb analysis and the deletions of four common α‐thalassemia mutation. Reverse dot blot for common nondeletional α‐thalassemia and β‐thalassemia was selectively used. Three thousand twenty‐two couples randomly selected were offered all those tests as a control group. Sanger sequencing, multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification and next‐generation sequencing were used for rare thalassemia. High‐risk couples were offered prenatal diagnosis at 10–13 weeks’ gestation based on informed consent. Results The carrier rates of α‐, β‐, and αβ‐thalassemia and δβ thalassemia/deletional HPFH were 7.7%, 3.02%, 0.5% and 0.059% respectively. Of them, 1.37% were identified as at‐risk couples and 345 couples terminated the pregnancy. No severe α‐ and β‐thalassemia births were observed. In the control group, two β‐ thalassemia carriers and one case with −α3.7/ααQS were misdiagnosed, but all at‐risk couples were found, and we could save 1,523,774 ¥ using our strategy. The cut‐off points of 73.46 fL and 23.25 pg would be useful to find −α+/αT thalassemia. Conclusion The intervention strategy was cost‐effective and offered reference in population thalassemia screening. Flow‐chart for our thalassemia intervention strategy.

Background: Nano-selenium has been widely used in antiviral and anticancer therapy, and has the advantages of good targeting and low toxicity. For the first time, we combined male reproduction with nano-selenium to investigate its antioxidant effect. This study investigated the protective effect of lentinan functionalized selenium nanoparticles on oxidative stress injury of the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced Leydig cell line, TM3. Methods: The suitable concentration of nano-selenium treatment to promote cell proliferation was also discussed. The concentration of 4 μM could significantly promote the growth of TM3 cells. Oxidative stress damage was caused using an 800 μM concentration of hydrogen peroxide. The cells were divided into four groups: normal control group, oxidative stress treatment group, H2O2+SeNPs@LNT group, and SeNPs@LNT group. The H2O2+SeNPs@LNT group was pretreated with 4 μM of SeNPs@LNT for 12 h, followed by 800 μM of H2O2 for 8 h. Results: Nano-selenium could significantly promote the proliferation and viability of TM3 cells. SeNPs@LNT treatment increased the level of mitochondrial membrane potential in normal cells and slowed down the decline in mitochondrial membrane potential level caused by oxidative stress injury. In addition, the increase in reactive oxygen species caused by oxidative stress was inhibited by SeNPs@LNT treatment. The apoptosis of TM3 cells was detected, and SeNPs@LNT alleviated the necrosis and apoptosis of TM3 cells induced by H2O2. Nano-selenium plays a protective role against oxidative H2O2-induced stress injury in TM3 cells through the changes in the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway and P53 pathway, and the expression levels of other related proteins, protein kinase B (AKT) and C3. Conclusion: SeNPs@LNT exhibited good biological activity and antioxidant effect and can thus be used to protect the male reproductive system from oxidative stress.

A H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury cell model was established to investigate the antioxidant effect of nano-selenium on mouse spermatocyte lines and the regulation mechanism of the expression level and activity of selenium-containing antioxidant enzymes induced by oxidative stress. A safe and effective nano-drug system of functionalized selenium-containing nanoparticles (SeNPs) was developed with lentinan (LNT) (SeNPs@LNT). Mice spermatocyte line GC2-spg cells were treated with SeNPs@LNT (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 μM) for 24–72 h to evaluate the cytotoxicity of selenium. GC2-spg cells were randomly divided into the following groups: control, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), SeNPs@LNT, and H2O2+SeNPs@LNT groups. H2O2+SeNPs@LNT group was pretreated with SeNPs@LNT 4 μM for 12 h, followed by H2O2 600 μM for 8 h. The cell viability decreased in the H2O2 group and increased significantly in the SeNPs@LNT group. Compared with the H2O2 group, the SeNPs@LNT+H2O2 group exhibited obvious red fluorescence, indicating a higher level of mitochondrial membrane potential. The content of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the SeNPs@LNT group reduced significantly, and the intensity of green fluorescence in the SeNPs@LNT+H2O2 group decreased significantly compared with the H2O2 group, indicating the inhibitory effect of SeNPs@LNT on the generation of ROS-induced oxidative stress. The activity of GPx and SOD increased significantly in the SeNPs@LNT group. The expression of p53 decreased significantly under the intervention of nano-selenium, and GPx1 expression increased. In the oxidative stress group, the expressions of DNA damage-related proteins and apoptosis-related proteins were higher than those in other groups. Thus, SeNPs@LNT can promote GC2-spg cell proliferation, improve GPx and SOD activities, remove intracellular ROS, and reduce mitochondrial damage and functional abnormalities caused by oxidative stress by regulating the ERK and p53 protein levels. SeNPs@LNT has good biological activity and antioxidant effect, which can be used to protect the male reproductive system from oxidative stress.

Background Plenty of studies have indicated that some genetic polymorphisms of the breast cancer which associated with its susceptibility may also be related to the susceptibility of abortion. MIR2052HG plays an important role in the onset and progression of breast cancer by maintaining the level of ERα, but to the best of our knowledge, the correlation between risk of recurrent abortion and MIR2052HG rs3802201 C>G polymorphism is still unclear. Therefore, we conducted this case‐control study to investigate whether MIR2052HG rs3802201 C>G polymorphism is associated with susceptibility of recurrent miscarriage (RM). Methods We recruited 392 healthy controls and 248 patients with RM to process this research, the participants were all from southern China, and genotyping was performed by TaqMan method. Results Our results showed that there was no evidence indicates the MIR2052HG rs3802201 C>G is related to RM (CG and CC: adjusted OR = 0.970, 95% CI = 0.694–1.355, p = 0.8577; GG and CC: adjusted OR = 0.743, 95% CI = 0.416–1.330, p = 0.3174; dominant model: adjusted OR = 0.925, 95% CI = 0.672–1.272, p = 0.6298; recessive model: adjusted OR = 0.751, 95% CI = 0.430–1.321, p = 0.3233). Conclusion We verified that the MIR2052HG rs3802201 C>G allele might be uncorrelated to the RM risk, but these findings require further validation in multicenter studies with larger sample size and different ethnicities. We recruited 248 women which were diagnosed with recurrent miscarriage (RM) as the RM group and included 392 age‐matched healthy controls with at least two normal pregnancies and no history of miscarriage as the control group. By TaqMan method, we compared the frequency of rs3802201 between control group and current miscarriage group, and we found out that rs3802201 has no significant association with RM.

This study was designed to investigate the effects of glutamine on cytokines 1L-1, TNF-α and prognosis of patients with lobectomy in the process of postoperative rehabilitation. A total of 78 patients with lung cancer who underwent lobectomy from January 2015 to January 2017 were selected in Daqing Oilfield General Hospital (Daqing, China). Patients were randomly divided into two groups, 39 patients in each group. Patients in the control group were treated with conventional treatment, while patients in the observation group were treated with both conventional and glutamine treatment. The levels of TNF-α, endotoxin, serum IL-1, IL-10, IL-15, IL-18 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, incidence of nausea and vomiting, pulmonary histopathological changes, prognosis, and rehabilitation (time in bed, hospital stay and lung function) were compared between the two groups. Within 1 year after treatment, most patients survived, except 2 patients in the observation group and 3 patients in the control group who died. The rate of postoperation infection in the observation group was slightly lower than that in the control group. After treatment, the levels of endotoxin and TNF-α in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p<0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of IL-1 and IL-10 were significantly higher and the serum levels of IL-15 and IL-18 were significantly lower in the observation group than those in the control group (p<0.05). The expression levels of ICAM-1 and MPO activity were significantly higher in the observation group than those in the control group (p<0.05). No significant difference in the incidence of nausea and vomiting was found between the two groups (p>0.05). The average postoperative bed rest and hospital stay in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group (p<0.05). The levels of forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p<0.05). The results indicated that glutamine treatment is effective in the postoperative rehabilitation of patients undergoing lobectomy. Glutamine can regulate the levels of IL-1 and TNF-α, improve lung function, shorten bed rest and hospitalization days, promote patients postoperative rehabilitation process, and improve patients quality of life.