Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
183,692
result(s) for
"Qi, Qi"
Sort by:
Lactobacillus Intestinalis Primes Epithelial Cells to Suppress Colitis‐Related Th17 Response by Host‐Microbe Retinoic Acid Biosynthesis
Gut microbiome is integral to the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. A novel probiotic Lactobacillus intestinalis (L. intestinalis) exerts a protective effect against dextran sodium sulfate‐induced colitis in mice. Based on flow cytometry, colitis‐associated Th17 cells are the target of L. intestinalis, which is supported by the lack of protective effects of L. intestinalis in T cell‐null Rag1−/− mice or upon anti‐IL‐17‐A antibody‐treated mice. Although L. intestinalis exerts no direct effect on T cell differentiation, it decreases C/EBPA‐driven gut epithelial SAA1 and SAA2 production, which in turn impairs Th17 cell differentiation. Cometabolism of L. intestinalis ALDH and host ALDH1A2 contributed to elevated biosynthesis of retinoic acid (RA), which accounts for the anti‐colitis effect in RAR‐α ‐mediated way. In a cohort of ulcerative colitis patients, it is observed that fecal abundance of L. intestinalis is negatively associated with the C/EBPA‐SAA1/2‐Th17 axis. Finally, L. intestinalis has a synergistic effect with mesalazine in alleviating murine colitis. In conclusion, L. intestinalis and associated metabolites, RA, have potential therapeutic effects for suppressing colonic inflammation by modulating the crosstalk between intestinal epithelia and immunity. By improving retinoic acid synthesis, a novel probiotic L. intestinalis exerts a protective effect against colitis. Retinoic acid triggers epithelial gene alteration, including SAA1, SAA2, and C/EBPA, to downregulate RORγt+ Th17 cells. L. intestinalis and its associated metabolite, retinoic acid, have potential therapeutic effects for suppressing colonic inflammation.
Journal Article
Escape : designing the modern guest house
A book showcasing guest house design which merges practicality with motifs of nature and art, to create the perfect combination of user convenience, comfort, and a unique experience Guest houses can be found in nearly every corner of the world as urban and rural dwellers open their homes, or build new ones, to host visitors. These guest houses take a multitude of forms, styles, and even names BandB in Britain, 'pension' in France, 'minshuku' in Japan, as well as being referred to as apartment hotels, boutique hotels, or hostels in some cases - but their primary goal is to satisfy the accommodation requirements and desired experience of the guests. In contrast to the ordinary hotel, guest houses combine unique and attractive features with thematic concepts that are intended to appeal to a visitor's individuality. Hosts provide guests with more than just accommodation options; they seek to generate an environment that offers a cultural experience by means of personalised interaction and service. On a conceptual level, the guest house addresses architecture and interior design as critical methods of contributing to an alternative or ideal lifestyle. \"Escape: Designing the Modern Guest House\" showcases 43 distinctive projects from around the world. These exclusive works have visual and spatial impact, representing the essence of new guest house design. This book highlights some of the most outstanding architectural strategies of recent years, displaying variations on spatial experience through the interplay of design elements. It provides strong reference material for design professionals and students in architecture, interior design, and related fields, as well as those looking to revamp their guest house accommodation with a contemporary 21st-century focus. Features guest houses in Italy, Taiwan, Japan, Vietnam, Thailand, USA, Chile, China, Portugal, South Korea, Spain, France, and Greece.
Book
An ALE meta-analysis on the effects of neural changes due to exercise on executive function in a healthy population
Executive function plays an important role throughout an individual’s life, and current research has shown that physical activity is an effective way to promote the development of executive function. Further research into the mechanisms in the brain that promote executive function has focused on populations with diseases, and no consistent conclusions have been drawn for healthy populations. Moreover, the differential effects of different exercise doses and sample characteristics on executive function brain activation remain unclear. In this study, we used an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis integrating 20 task-based and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies to investigate the mechanisms in the brain underlying the effects of different exercise interventions on executive functions in healthy populations. The results showed that exercise interventions significantly altered brain activation patterns during cognitive tasks, particularly in the frontal, precuneus, thalamus and cingulate regions. We examined exercise interventions in various sub-groups, showing patterns of effects in different age groups, exercise types and exercise durations.
Journal Article
Population aging and trends of pulmonary tuberculosis incidence in the elderly
Background
To explore population aging and the epidemic trend of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in the elderly, and provide a basis for the prevention and control of pulmonary tuberculosis among the elderly.
Methods
We collected clinical information of 239,707 newly active PTB patients in Shandong Province from 2005 to 2017. We analyzed and compared the clinical characteristics, reported incidence and temporal trend of PTB among the elderly group (≥60 years) and the non-elderly group (< 60 years) through logistic model and Join-point regression model.
Results
Among the total PTB cases, 77,192(32.2%) were elderly. Compared with non-elderly patients, newly active elderly PTB patients account for a greater proportion of male cases (OR 1.688, 95% CI 1.656–1.722), rural population cases (OR 3.411, 95% CI 3.320–3.505) and bacteriologically confirmed PTB cases (OR 1.213, 95%CI 1.193–1.234). The annual reported incidence of total, elderly, pulmonary bacteriologically confirmed cases were 35.21, 68.84, 35.63 (per 100,000), respectively. The annual reported incidence of PTB in the whole population, the elderly group and the non-elderly group has shown a slow downward trend since 2008. The joinpoint regression model showed that the overall reported incidence of PTB in the elderly significantly decreased from 2007 to 2017 (APC = -5.3,
P
< 0.05). The reported incidence of bacteriologically confirmed PTB among elderly patients declined rapidly from 2005 to 2014(2005–2010 APC = -7.2%,
P
< 0.05; 2010–2014 APC = -22.6%,
P
< 0.05; 2014–2017 APC = -9.0%,
P
= 0.1). The reported incidence of clinically diagnosed PTB among elderly patients from 2005 to 2017 (11.48–38.42/100,000) increased by about 235%. It rose significantly from 2007 to 2014 (APC = 9.4,
P
<0.05).
Conclusions
Compared with the non-elderly population, the reported incidence of PTB in the elderly population is higher. The main burden of PTB will shift to the elderly, men, rural population, and clinically diagnosed patients. With the intensification of aging, more researches on elderly PTB prevention and treatment will facilitate the realization of the global tuberculosis (TB) control targets.
Journal Article
Entrepreneurs in contemporary China : wealth, connections, and crisis
\"By drawing on extensive interviews with business founders and CEOs this book explores the complexities and dynamics of business and social relations responsible for present-day China's economic vibrancy. It makes an original contribution both through its empirical richness and theoretical innovations on trust, social networks, crisis and gender\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Age–period–cohort analysis of pulmonary tuberculosis reported incidence, China, 2006–2020
Background
Tuberculosis (TB) poses a severe public health challenge in China and worldwide. This study evaluated the effects of age, period, and birth cohort on reported incidence trends of TB based on population and refined the characteristics of high-risk groups.
Methods
Aggregate data that reported pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases from China Tuberculosis Management Information System (TBIMS) from 2006 to 2020 were used to analyze effect coefficients through the age–period–cohort (APC) model based on intrinsic estimator (IE) method, and converted them into relative risk (
RR
) to estimate trends.
Results
A total of 14.82 million cases of PTB were reported in China from 2006 to 2020, showing a continuous downward trend. The reporting rate increased with age by age group, with 70–74 years old being 2–3 times higher than that in 20–24 years old. APC analysis model showed that age effects were bimodal in 20–24 years old [
RR
= 2.29, 95% confidence interval (
CI
): 1.73–3.03] and 70–74 years old (
RR
= 1.95, 95%
CI:
1.67–2.27), and lower than the overall average in the groups under 15 years old. Stratified results showed that the risk was higher for women under age 40 than men and higher for men over 40. The risk was higher in urban than in rural areas under 30 years old and slightly higher in rural than in urban between 30 and 64 years old. The risk for 15–34 years old was significantly higher in the east than in other regions. The period effects showed a decreasing trend, and the risk was higher in rural in recent years. Except for cohorts born in 1961–1965 and 2001–2005, where the
RR
increased, the later the cohort was born, the lower the risk. The cohort 1926–1930 in eastern had the highest risk (
RR
= 3.49, 95%
CI:
2.44–4.98).
Conclusions
The reported incidence of PTB continued to decline in China from 2006 to 2020. The young (20–24 years old) and the elderly (70–74 years old) were equally at high risk. There were differences in the age, period and cohort effects on PTB incidence among gender, urban–rural and regions. Our findings better reflected the characteristics of high-risk populations, thus contributing to the development of timely and effective intervention strategies, and providing clues for etiological research.
Graphical abstract
Journal Article
First detection of Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae in Hyalomma marginatum ticks
Ticks are important vectors of zoonotic diseases and play a major role in the circulation and transmission of many rickettsial species. The aim of this study was to investigate the carriage of Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae (CRT) in a total of 1168 ticks collected in Inner Mongolia to elucidate the potential public health risk of this pathogen, provide a basis for infectious disease prevention, control and prediction and contribute diagnostic ideas for clinical diseases that present with fever in populations exposed to ticks. A total of four tick species, Haemaphysalis concinna (n = 21), Dermacentor nuttalli (n = 122), Hyalomma marginatum (n = 148), and Ixodes persulcatus (n = 877), were collected at nine sampling sites in Inner Mongolia, China, and identified by morphological and molecular biological methods. Reverse transcription PCR targeting the 16S ribosomal RNA ( rrs ), gltA , groEL , ompB and Sca4 genes was used to detect CRT DNA. Sequencing was used for pathogen species confirmation. The molecular epidemiological analysis showed that three species of ticks were infected with CRT, and the overall positive rate was as high as 42%. The positive rate of I . persulcatus collected in Hinggan League city was up to 96%, and that of I . persulcatus collected in Hulun Buir city was 50%. The pool positive rates of D . nuttalli and H . marginatum collected in Bayan Nur city and H . concinna collected in Hulun Buir city were 0%, 28% and 40%, respectively. This study revealed the high prevalence of CRT infection in ticks from Inner Mongolia and the first confirmation of CRT detected in H . marginatum in China. The wide host range and high infection rate in Inner Mongolia may dramatically increase the exposure of CRT to humans and other vertebrates. The role of H . marginatum in the transmission of rickettsiosis and its potential risk to public health should be further considered.
Journal Article