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"Quinn, Ian"
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Chord Context and Harmonic Function in Tonal Music
This article investigates several questions of harmonic function using aggressively data-driven approaches. We apply Hidden Markov Modeling—a technique used to identify contextual regularities within streams of data—to the Kostka-Payne, McGill Billboard, and Bach chorale corpora. The resulting models question the generalizability of the traditional three-function model, illustrating the syntactic uniqueness of various corpora while also highlighting recurrent characteristics of tonal repertories. Finally, this article offers some general observations, including questioning the role that tonal hierarchy plays in theories of function and discussing the cultural politics inherent in assuming the universality of one functional system.
Journal Article
The Yale-Classical Archives Corpus
The Yale-Classical Archives Corpus (YCAC) contains harmonic and rhythmic information for a dataset of Western European Classical art music. This corpus is based on data from classicalarchives.com, a repository of thousands of user-generated MIDI representations of pieces from several periods of Western European music history. The YCAC makes available metadata for each MIDI file, as well as a list of pitch simultaneities (\"salami slices\") in the MIDI file. Metadata include the piece's composer, the composer's country of origin, date of composition, genre (e.g., symphony, piano sonata, nocturne, etc.), instrumentation, meter, and key. The processing step groups the file's pitches into vertical slices each time a pitch is added or subtracted from the texture, recording the slice's offset (measured in the number of quarter notes separating the event from the file's beginning), highest pitch, lowest pitch, prime form, scale-degrees in relation to the global key (as determined by experts), and local key information (as determined by a windowed key-profile analysis). The corpus contains 13,769 MIDI files by 571 composers yielding over 14,051,144 vertical slices. This paper outlines several properties of this corpus, along with a representative study using this dataset.
Journal Article
Generalized Voice-Leading Spaces
Western musicians traditionally classify pitch sequences by disregarding the effects of five musical transformations: octave shift, permutation, transposition, inversion, and cardinality change. We model this process mathematically, showing that it produces 32 equivalence relations on chords, 243 equivalence relations on chord sequences, and 32 families of geometrical quotient spaces, in which both chords and chord sequences are represented. This model reveals connections between music-theoretical concepts, yields new analytical tools, unifies existing geometrical representations, and suggests a way to understand similarity between chord types.
Journal Article
Driving medtech innovation and start-up company formation through successful joint academic/commercial fellowship
AimMedical devices (medtech) is a strong driver of innovation and new treatments in healthcare. Straddling the fields of engineering and healthcare, successful medtech development demands critical needs assessment, highly skilled medical engineering professionals, and the successful collaboration between medical and other experts. Optimal development and testing need an efficient dialogue with third parties, including regulators and payers. BioInnovate Ireland was established in 2011 as a multidisciplinary, structured programme to shape the future of medical device therapy based on innovation and interdisciplinary cross-fertilisation.Methods and results107 fellows have completed the programme covering 20 clinical areas. Fellows have funded companies at a rate of more than 1.5 companies per year which have attracted Irish and international seed funding in excess of €40 million, excluding undisclosed investments.ConclusionsA multidisciplinary programme targeting mature, experienced professionals can drive a highly successful medtech start-up culture in the right ecosystem.
Journal Article
Corpus-Derived Key Profiles Are Not Transpositionally Equivalent
A fundamental assumption of distributional key-finding methods is that the frequency distributions of pitch classes in all keys are transpositionally equivalent. We tested this assumption with three experiments. First, using data from the openings of 995 major-key pieces and 596 minor-key pieces in the Yale-Classical Archives Corpus, we found that scale-degree distributions differ significantly from one key to another, and further analysis revealed that pieces keys with signatures having relatively more accidentals exhibit significantly more chromaticism than keys with fewer accidentals. second, we examined whether these data might be accounted for by different keys’ varying modulation tendencies, and found this to be the case: keys with more accidentals modulate more frequently to more distant keys. Finally, we attempted to exclude modulatory passages from our data using a key profile analysis to identify key and mode within our dataset; however, the results of Experiment 1 still held. In sum, even when using a method that assumes transpositional equivalence, we found a difference between key profiles of different keys.
Journal Article
On Woolhouse's Interval-Cycle Proximity Hypothesis
[...] tonal attraction is independent of direction up or down in pitch space. [...] despite my reservations with the design of Woolhouse and Cross's study and the logic of the conclusions they drew from it, I re-ran their statistical study discussed above in order to compare the MHP model's performance with their results for ICP.
Journal Article