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Introduction to computer and network security : navigating shades of gray
\"This text provides a classroom-tested, practical introduction to software design and implementation, cryptographic tools, and networking issues while addressing social, economic, and political implications. It covers cutting-edge topics, such as wireless security and attacks on websites, privacy and digital rights management, and recent work on security and economics. The text includes hands-on projects to help students better understand how computers and networks function. It also contains a number of case studies and discussion points\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science (EMFISIS) on RBSP
The Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument and Integrated Science (EMFISIS) investigation on the NASA Radiation Belt Storm Probes (now named the Van Allen Probes) mission provides key wave and very low frequency magnetic field measurements to understand radiation belt acceleration, loss, and transport. The key science objectives and the contribution that EMFISIS makes to providing measurements as well as theory and modeling are described. The key components of the instruments suite, both electronics and sensors, including key functional parameters, calibration, and performance, demonstrate that EMFISIS provides the needed measurements for the science of the RBSP mission. The EMFISIS operational modes and data products, along with online availability and data tools provide the radiation belt science community with one the most complete sets of data ever collected.
Journal Article
Crystal & gem
Crystals are all around us -- in our plants, our homes, and even in our bodies! \"Eyewitness: Crystal & Gem\" describes the seven basic shapes of crystals and other aspects of crystallography, including how they form in nature, how crystals are studied and identified, what gives them their amazing color, and how they are used in everyday life.
Book
Near-100 MeV protons via a laser-driven transparency-enhanced hybrid acceleration scheme
The range of potential applications of compact laser-plasma ion sources motivates the development of new acceleration schemes to increase achievable ion energies and conversion efficiencies. Whilst the evolving nature of laser-plasma interactions can limit the effectiveness of individual acceleration mechanisms, it can also enable the development of hybrid schemes, allowing additional degrees of control on the properties of the resulting ion beam. Here we report on an experimental demonstration of efficient proton acceleration to energies exceeding 94 MeV via a hybrid scheme of radiation pressure-sheath acceleration in an ultrathin foil irradiated by a linearly polarised laser pulse. This occurs via a double-peaked electrostatic field structure, which, at an optimum foil thickness, is significantly enhanced by relativistic transparency and an associated jet of super-thermal electrons. The range of parameters over which this hybrid scenario occurs is discussed and implications for ion acceleration driven by next-generation, multi-petawatt laser facilities are explored.
It is a challenge to scale up laser-ion acceleration to higher ion energies. Here the authors demonstrate a hybrid acceleration scheme based on the relativistic induced transparency mechanism using linearly polarised laser interaction with foil targets and its future implication in using high power lasers.
Journal Article
A knight of the seven kingdoms
\"Taking place nearly a century before the events of A Game of Thrones, [this book] compiles the first three official prequel novellas to George R.R. Martin's ongoing masterwork, A Song of Ice and Fire. These never-before-collected [but previously published] adventures recount an age when the Targaryen line still holds the Iron Throne, and the memory of the last dragon has not yet passed from living consciousness\"--Dust jacket flap.
BOOK
Overriding water table control on managed peatland greenhouse gas emissions
Global peatlands store more carbon than is naturally present in the atmosphere
1
,
2
. However, many peatlands are under pressure from drainage-based agriculture, plantation development and fire, with the equivalent of around 3 per cent of all anthropogenic greenhouse gases emitted from drained peatland
3
–
5
. Efforts to curb such emissions are intensifying through the conservation of undrained peatlands and re-wetting of drained systems
6
. Here we report eddy covariance data for carbon dioxide from 16 locations and static chamber measurements for methane from 41 locations in the UK and Ireland. We combine these with published data from sites across all major peatland biomes. We find that the mean annual effective water table depth (WTD
e
; that is, the average depth of the aerated peat layer) overrides all other ecosystem- and management-related controls on greenhouse gas fluxes. We estimate that every 10 centimetres of reduction in WTD
e
could reduce the net warming impact of CO
2
and CH
4
emissions (100-year global warming potentials) by the equivalent of at least 3 tonnes of CO
2
per hectare per year, until WTD
e
is less than 30 centimetres. Raising water levels further would continue to have a net cooling effect until WTD
e
is within 10 centimetres of the surface. Our results suggest that greenhouse gas emissions from peatlands drained for agriculture could be greatly reduced without necessarily halting their productive use. Halving WTD
e
in all drained agricultural peatlands, for example, could reduce emissions by the equivalent of over 1 per cent of global anthropogenic emissions.
Halving average drainage depths in agricultural peatlands could reduce greenhouse gas emissions by the equivalent of 1 per cent of all anthropogenic emissions.
Journal Article
Models and Simulations for the Photometric LSST Astronomical Time Series Classification Challenge (PLAsTiCC)
We describe the simulated data sample for the Photometric Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) Astronomical Time Series Classification Challenge (PLAsTiCC), a publicly available challenge to classify transient and variable events that will be observed by the LSST, a new facility expected to start in the early 2020s. The challenge was hosted by Kaggle, ran from 2018 September 28 to December 17, and included 1094 teams competing for prizes. Here we provide details of the 18 transient and variable source models, which were not revealed until after the challenge, and release the model libraries at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2612896. We describe the LSST Operations Simulator used to predict realistic observing conditions, and we describe the publicly available SNANA simulation code used to transform the models into observed fluxes and uncertainties in the LSST passbands (ugrizy). Although PLAsTiCC has finished, the publicly available models and simulation tools are being used within the astronomy community to further improve classification, and to study contamination in photometrically identified samples of SN Ia used to measure properties of dark energy. Our simulation framework will continue serving as a platform to improve the PLAsTiCC models, and to develop new models.
Journal Article
Down these strange streets
A collection of seventeen short urban fantasy stories by various authors featuring vampires, werewolves, witches, zombies, and other creatures of the night.
Book
Astronomical tuning of the Aptian stage and its implications for age recalibrations and paleoclimatic events
The Aptian was characterized by dramatic tectonic, oceanographic, climatic and biotic changes and its record is punctuated by Oceanic Anoxic Events (OAEs). The timing and duration of these events are still contentious, particularly the age of the Barremian-Aptian boundary. This study presents a cyclostratigraphic evaluation of a high-resolution multiproxy dataset (δ
13
C, δ
18
O, MS and ARM) from the Poggio le Guaine core. The identification of Milankovitch-band imprints allowed us to construct a 405-kyr astronomically-tuned age model that provides new constraints for the Aptian climato-chronostratigraphic framework. Based on the astronomical tuning, we propose: (i) a timespan of ~7.2 Myr for the Aptian; (ii) a timespan of ~420 kyr for the magnetic polarity Chron M0r and an age of ~120.2 Ma for the Barremian−Aptian boundary; and (iii) new age constraints on the onset and duration of Aptian OAEs and the ‘cold snap’. The new framework significantly impacts the Early Cretaceous geological timescale.
The Early Cretaceous Aptian stage represents an interval of major dramatic climate changes, but there is no consensus on its lower boundary age. Here, the authors present an astro-chronological framework that offers new age constraints on the onset and duration of Aptian ocean anoxic events and the ‘cold snap’, among other significant climatic events.
Journal Article