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In recent years, firms are intensively being asked to build up the capabilities of dealing with environmental issues. While most firms are proactively inspired by their strategic motives for the environmental innovations, they are also exposed to the external pressures for environmental innovations that are institutionally established. This study is an early attempt to theoretically examine how firms’ strategic motives for environmental innovation are affected by the institutional pressures of environmental issues in a single empirical setting. Based on the institutional theory, this study suggests two types of institutional pressures — regulative and normative pressures— and proposes the conflicting effects of the strategic motive and the institutional pressures in the firms’ activities concerning environmental innovation. In addition to the test of the interrelated effects of strategic motives and institutional pressures, this study also investigates how small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) differ in their efforts to realize the strategic motives for environmental innovation, in contrast to large companies. The Korean Innovation Survey was used to test the proposed hypotheses. The findings of the analysis support all the hypotheses about the negative influences of institutional pressures on the effect of strategic motives on environmental innovation actions. Finally, the theoretical contributions and managerial implications are discussed.

This study examines the impact of status inconsistency on status-threatening activities within NCAA Division I men’s basketball teams. Specifically, we focus on a nested form of status that includes both individual and group-level elements. We argue that organizations dealing with status inconsistency stemming from such nested form face challenges in reducing status inconsistency. To maintain their deserved status, these status-inconsistent organizations tend to avoid activities that could further threaten their status, despite potential economic gains. An analysis of NCAA Division I men’s basketball scheduling data from 2000 to 2019 provides robust support to our theoretical arguments. Our findings suggest that the status inconsistency between a team’s status and its conference status diminished the likelihood of scheduling games with non-Division I teams, a behavior considered counter-normative in this context. This effect is most prominent among teams in “Mid Major” conferences, while teams with recent participation in the NCAA Tournament show a mitigated effect.