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First-line treatment for large B-cell lymphoma includes excision or radiotherapy. A keratinized cystic epithelial lining and loose connective tissue capsule are evident on histology.5 SUMMARY TABLE Condition Characteristics Basal cell carcinoma Pearly papules or nodules with central ulceration; histology shows peripheral palisaded basaloid cells Cutaneous large B-cell lymphoma Pruritic, pink to violaceous nodules, plaques, or papules; believed to be caused by clonal proliferation of B cells, genetic abnormalities, chronic inflammation, and immune dysregulation; histology shows atypical B cell infiltrating skin, expressing germinal center marker BCL6 and large centrocytic cytology Dermatofibroma Benign fibrous histiocytomas of the skin; “dimple sign”; histology reveals proliferation of spindle-shaped fibrous cells mixed with histiocytoid cells in a storiform pattern Epidermal inclusion cyst Benign, nontender, soft, mobile, slow-growing cyst; histology shows keratinized cystic epithelial lining with loose connective tissue capsule Keratoacanthoma Benign, smooth, red, dome-shaped papules with a central keratin plug; histology shows hyperplasic squamous epithelium with a thick layer of parakeratin Keratoacanthomas are benign neoplasms that arise from hair follicles and are more prevalent in older patients. Accessed January 2025. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470538/ 5 Layton, AM; Morris, C; Cunliffe, WJ et al.

Some studies have highlighted the effect of COVID-19 infection on the quality of sleep; however, the data is limited. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of insomnia in patients who recently recovered from the COVID-19 infection to evaluate the prevalence and extent of its impact.INTRODUCTION Some studies have highlighted the effect of COVID-19 infection on the quality of sleep; however, the data is limited. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of insomnia in patients who recently recovered from the COVID-19 infection to evaluate the prevalence and extent of its impact.This longitudinal study was conducted from January 2021 to March 2021. A total of 500 patients admitted to the intensive care unit or isolation unit of COVID-19 were included in the study at the time of their discharge. The pre-COVID-19 sleep quality of the participants was inquired using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Post-COVID sleep quality was assessed at a 30-day follow-up. Sleep quality was considered poor if the global score was ≥5. Participants that failed to follow up were not included in the study.METHODSThis longitudinal study was conducted from January 2021 to March 2021. A total of 500 patients admitted to the intensive care unit or isolation unit of COVID-19 were included in the study at the time of their discharge. The pre-COVID-19 sleep quality of the participants was inquired using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Post-COVID sleep quality was assessed at a 30-day follow-up. Sleep quality was considered poor if the global score was ≥5. Participants that failed to follow up were not included in the study.The mean PSQI score was significantly higher in the post-COVID-19 group compared to the pre-COVID-19 group (6.28 ± 2.11 vs. 3.22 ± 0.80; p-value <0.0001). The percentage of participants with a PSQI score of ≥5 was significantly higher in the post-COVID-19 group compared to the pre-COVID-19 group (45.1% vs. 12.1%; p-value <0.0001).RESULTSThe mean PSQI score was significantly higher in the post-COVID-19 group compared to the pre-COVID-19 group (6.28 ± 2.11 vs. 3.22 ± 0.80; p-value <0.0001). The percentage of participants with a PSQI score of ≥5 was significantly higher in the post-COVID-19 group compared to the pre-COVID-19 group (45.1% vs. 12.1%; p-value <0.0001).Insomnia has a significant prevalence in recovered COVID-19 patients after 30 days of follow-up. Hence, patients need to be counseled to follow up in case they experience poor sleep. To avoid the long-term negative impact on patients experiencing insomnia, timely identification and treatment are important.CONCLUSIONInsomnia has a significant prevalence in recovered COVID-19 patients after 30 days of follow-up. Hence, patients need to be counseled to follow up in case they experience poor sleep. To avoid the long-term negative impact on patients experiencing insomnia, timely identification and treatment are important.