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A facile approach for the synthesis of magnetite microspheres with flower-like morphology is reported that proceeds via the reduction of iron(III) oxide under a hydrogen atmosphere. The ensuing magnetic catalyst is well characterized by XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherm, and Mössbauer spectroscopy and explored for a simple yet efficient transfer hydrogenation reduction of a variety of nitroarenes to respective anilines in good to excellent yields (up to 98%) employing hydrazine hydrate. The catalyst could be easily separated at the end of a reaction using an external magnet and can be recycled up to 10 times without any loss in catalytic activity.

Hexagonal mesoporous silica (HMS)‐supported copper oxides (CuO/HMS) have been prepared by a sol–gel method and characterized by X‐ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, N2 sorption, inductively coupled plasma (ICP), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), H2 temperature‐programed reduction (TPR), NH3 temperature‐programed desorption (TPD), and high‐resolution (HR)‐TEM techniques. An analysis of these results revealed a mesoporous material system with a high surface area (974 m2 g−1) and uniform pore‐size distribution. The catalytic efficacy of CuO on the HMS support with varying Cu loadings (1, 3, 5, 10, and 15 wt %) was investigated for the transformation of aldehydes to primary amides; 3 wt % CuO/HMS exhibited good catalytic performance with good to excellent yields of amides (60–92 %) in benign aqueous medium. The intrinsically heterogeneous catalyst could be recovered after the reaction and reused without any noticeable loss in activity. Transforming aldehydes to primary amides: Hexagonal mesoporous silica (HMS)‐supported copper oxides (CuO/HMS) were prepared by a sol–gel method and tested as a catalyst for the transformation of aldehydes to primary amides, giving good to excellent yields of amides (60–92 %) in benign aqueous medium (see figure). The intrinsically heterogeneous catalyst could be recovered after the reaction and reused without any noticeable loss in activity.

Magnetic cleansing: A magnetic Fe3O4–Co catalyst was prepared using inexpensive precursors and its catalytic activity was tested for the oxidation of alcohols using tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as the oxidant. The corresponding carbonyl compounds were obtained in good to excellent yields (see scheme); furthermore, this magnetic catalyst could be separated by magnetic decantation without significant loss in activity.

Magnetically recyclable nano-catalysts and their use in aqueous media is a perfect combination for the development of greener sustainable methodologies in organic synthesis. It is well established that magnetically separable nano-catalysts avoid waste of catalysts or reagents and it is possible to recover >95% of catalysts, which is again recyclable for subsequent use. Water is the ideal medium to perform the chemical reactions with magnetically recyclable nano-catalysts, as this combination adds tremendous value to the overall benign reaction process development. In this review, we highlight recent developments inthe use of water and magnetically recyclable nano-catalysts (W-MRNs) for a variety of organic reactions namely hydrogenation, condensation, oxidation, and Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions, among others.

[4bI With a few exception these protocols include the use of noble metals, expensive ligands, and involve multistep synthesis for the catalyst preparation. [...]there is an urgent need to developed inexpensive and benign protocols for oxidation reactions. The most intensive XPS lines are marked by arrows. Besides the main O, Fe, and Co lines we also observe a C 1s line which is an expected impurity.

The hybrid architecture of the Timepix (TPX) family of detectors enables the use of different semiconductor sensors, most commonly silicon (Si), as well as high-density materials such as Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) or Gallium Arsenide (GaAs). For this purpose, we explore the potential of a silicon carbide (SiC) sensor bump-bonded on a Timepix3 detector as a radiation imaging and particle tracking detector. SiC stands as a radiation-hard material also with the ability to operate at elevated temperatures up to several hundreds of degrees Celsius. As a result, this sensor material is more suitable for radiation harsh environments compared to conventional e.g., Si sensors. In this work, we evaluate the response for precise radiation spectrometry and high-resolution particle tracking of newly developed SiC Timepix3 detector which is built and operated as a compact radiation camera MiniPIX-Timepix3 with integrated readout electronics. Calibration measurements were conducted with mono-energetic proton beams with energies of 13, 22, and 31 MeV at the U-120M cyclotron at the Nuclear Physics Institute Czech Academy of Science (NPI CAS), Prague, as well as 100 and 226 MeV at the Proton Therapy Center Czech (PTC) in Prague. High-resolution pattern recognition analysis and single-particle spectral tracking are used for detailed inspection and understanding of the sensor response. Results include distributions of deposited energy and linear energy transfer (LET) spectra. The spatial uniformity of the pixelated detector response is examined in terms of homogeneously distributed deposited energy.

Aim: The primary purpose of the study was to evaluate the levels of oxidative stress in plasma in patients with aggressive periodontitis (AgP) before and after full-mouth disinfection. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five healthy controls and 25 participants with aggressive periodontal were assessed for plaque index, probing pocket depth, papillary bleeding index, and clinical attachment level. Periodontal bone support was assessed by taking full mouth periapical radiographs. Full-mouth disinfection of the patient was done within 24 h of clinical assessment of AgP. These parameters were assessed at the baseline and after 8 weeks of initial periodontal therapy. Plasma samples were taken and evaluated for various oxidative stress markers. Results: Strong positive correlation was observed among periodontal parameters and levels of enzymatic/nonenzymatic biomarkers for oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances [TBARS], glutathione peroxidase [GPX], and catalase [CAT]) (P < 0.05), before and after periodontal management. The patients with AgP had high levels of TBARS, GPX, and CAT levels in the plasma matched to the healthy individuals (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Enzymatic and nonenzymatic oxidative stress may have a role in the pathogenesis AP. Initial periodontal treatment can lead to the reduction of these stresses.

Aim: This study evaluated and compared the diametral tensile strength (DTS) of phosphate-bonded investment (PBI) material (ringless) used in removable cast partial denture fabrication. Settings and Design: Comparative - Invitro study. Materials and Methods: The PBI material, Wirovest used in this study was subjected to four different drying methods. A total of 80 specimens were prepared in a cylindrical form; 20 specimens were air dried for 2 h, 20 specimens were dried in a conventional oven at 230°C for 1 h, 20 specimens were dried in microwave oven at 600 W for 10 min, and remaining 20 specimens were dried first in microwave oven and then in conventional oven. The dried specimens were tested at 2-h interval for diametral compression at a crosshead speed of 0.5 cm/min. Statistical Analysis Used: Pairwise analysis. Results: The microwave drying technique and drying by combination method resulted in greater DTS, respectively. Conclusion: Within the limitation of this study, PBI specimens dried in microwave oven at 600W for 10 min increased the diametral strength and are also a time-saving procedure.

Aim: The primary purpose of the study was to evaluate the levels of oxidative stress in plasma in patients with aggressive periodontitis (AgP) before and after full-mouth disinfection. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five healthy controls and 25 participants with aggressive periodontal were assessed for plaque index, probing pocket depth, papillary bleeding index, and clinical attachment level. Periodontal bone support was assessed by taking full mouth periapical radiographs. Full-mouth disinfection of the patient was done within 24 h of clinical assessment of AgP. These parameters were assessed at the baseline and after 8 weeks of initial periodontal therapy. Plasma samples were taken and evaluated for various oxidative stress markers. Results: Strong positive correlation was observed among periodontal parameters and levels of enzymatic/nonenzymatic biomarkers for oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances [TBARS], glutathione peroxidase [GPX], and catalase [CAT]) (P < 0.05), before and after periodontal management. The patients with AgP had high levels of TBARS, GPX, and CAT levels in the plasma matched to the healthy individuals (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Enzymatic and nonenzymatic oxidative stress may have a role in the pathogenesis AP. Initial periodontal treatment can lead to the reduction of these stresses.