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"Ray, R"
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City of night : a novel
Not even Victor Helios--once Frankenstein--can stop the engineered killers he's set loose on a reign of terror through modern-day New Orleans. Now the only hope rests in a one-time \"monster\" and his all-too-human partners, Detectives Carson O'Connor and Michael Maddison.
Book
Sex-stratified genome-wide association study of multisite chronic pain in UK Biobank
Chronic pain is highly prevalent worldwide and imparts a significant socioeconomic and public health burden. Factors influencing susceptibility to, and mechanisms of, chronic pain development, are not fully understood, but sex is thought to play a significant role, and chronic pain is more prevalent in women than in men. To investigate sex differences in chronic pain, we carried out a sex-stratified genome-wide association study of Multisite Chronic Pain (MCP), a derived chronic pain phenotype, in UK Biobank on 178,556 men and 209,093 women, as well as investigating sex-specific genetic correlations with a range of psychiatric, autoimmune and anthropometric phenotypes and the relationship between sex-specific polygenic risk scores for MCP and chronic widespread pain. We also assessed whether MCP-associated genes showed expression pattern enrichment across tissues. A total of 123 SNPs at five independent loci were significantly associated with MCP in men. In women, a total of 286 genome-wide significant SNPs at ten independent loci were discovered. Meta-analysis of sex-stratified GWAS outputs revealed a further 87 independent associated SNPs. Gene-level analyses revealed sex-specific MCP associations, with 31 genes significantly associated in females, 37 genes associated in males, and a single gene, DCC , associated in both sexes. We found evidence for sex-specific pleiotropy and risk for MCP was found to be associated with chronic widespread pain in a sex-differential manner. Male and female MCP were highly genetically correlated, but at an r g of significantly less than 1 (0.92). All 37 male MCP-associated genes and all but one of 31 female MCP-associated genes were found to be expressed in the dorsal root ganglion, and there was a degree of enrichment for expression in sex-specific tissues. Overall, the findings indicate that sex differences in chronic pain exist at the SNP, gene and transcript abundance level, and highlight possible sex-specific pleiotropy for MCP. Results support the proposition of a strong central nervous-system component to chronic pain in both sexes, additionally highlighting a potential role for the DRG and nociception.
Journal Article
The city : a novel
\"There are millions of stories in the city-- some magical, some tragic, others terror-filled or triumphant. Jonah Kirk's story is all of those things as he draws readers into his life in the city as a young boy, introducing his indomitable grandfather, also a 'piano man;' his single mother, a struggling singer; and the heroes, villains, and everyday saints and sinners who make up the fabric of the metropolis in which they live-- and who will change the course of Jonah's life forever\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Beyond the margins: real-time detection of cancer using targeted fluorophores
Key Points
Fluorescence imaging can transform the way surgeries are performed, through the intraoperative identification of vital structures, lymph nodes and cancer in real time
Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence is particularly advantageous for use in clinical settings owing to improved depth penetration and low autofluorescence in the NIR wavelength range compared with shorter wavelengths
Many targeted NIR fluorophores are currently in preclinical development; however, no cancer-targeted NIR fluorophores or devices for intraoperative NIR fluorescence detection of cancer have received commercial approval for human use
Multiple early phase clinical trials are underway to evaluate targeted fluorophores for real-time, intraoperative cancer detection in humans
The use of targeted fluorophores for the intraoperative detection of cancer might improve survival rates and functional outcomes in patients with cancer
Currently, substantial regulatory challenges and clinical trial considerations constitute barriers for the adoption of fluorescence-guided surgery in clinical settings
Intraoperative fluorescence enables highly specific real-time detection of tumours at the time of surgery. In particular, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence is a promising tool currently being tested in clinical settings. Zhang
et al
. discuss the latest developments in NIR fluorophores, cancer-targeting strategies, and detection instrumentation for intraoperative cancer detection, as well as the challenges associated with their effective application in clinical settings.
Over the past two decades, synergistic innovations in imaging technology have resulted in a revolution in which a range of biomedical applications are now benefiting from fluorescence imaging. Specifically, advances in fluorophore chemistry and imaging hardware, and the identification of targetable biomarkers have now positioned intraoperative fluorescence as a highly specific real-time detection modality for surgeons in oncology. In particular, the deeper tissue penetration and limited autofluorescence of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging improves the translational potential of this modality over visible-light fluorescence imaging. Rapid developments in fluorophores with improved characteristics, detection instrumentation, and targeting strategies led to the clinical testing in the early 2010s of the first targeted NIR fluorophores for intraoperative cancer detection. The foundations for the advances that underline this technology continue to be nurtured by the multidisciplinary collaboration of chemists, biologists, engineers, and clinicians. In this Review, we highlight the latest developments in NIR fluorophores, cancer-targeting strategies, and detection instrumentation for intraoperative cancer detection, and consider the unique challenges associated with their effective application in clinical settings.
Journal Article
Ticktock : a novel
Tommy Phan, a Vietnamese-American detective novelist, finds a strange doll on his doorstep which \"evolves from a terrifying and vicious minikin into a hulking and formidable opponent bent on killing him.\"
Book
Penetration of cover crop roots through compacted soils
Tap-rooted species may penetrate compacted soils better than fibrous-rooted species and therefore be better adapted for use in “biological tillage”. We evaluated penetration of compacted soils by roots of three cover crops: FR (forage radish: Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus, cv. ‘Daikon'), rapeseed (Brassica napus, cv. ‘Essex'), two tap-rooted species in the Brassica family, and rye (cereal rye: Secale cereale L., cv. ‘Wheeler'), a fibrous-rooted species. Three compaction levels (high, medium and no compaction) were created by wheel trafficking. Cover crop roots were counted by the core-break method. At 15-50 cm depth under high compaction, FR had more than twice and rapeseed had about twice as many roots as rye in experiment 1; FR had 1.5 times as many roots as rye in experiment 2. Under no compaction, little difference in root vertical penetration among three cover crops existed. Rapeseed and rye root counts were negatively related to soil strength by linear and power functions respectively, while FR roots showed either no (Exp.1) or positive (Exp. 2) relationship with soil strength. We conclude that soil penetration capabilities of three cover crops were in the order of FR > rapeseed > rye.
Journal Article
Tides in Complex Coastal Regions: Early Case Studies From Wide‐Swath SWOT Measurements
Studying ocean tides with satellite altimetry has traditionally been difficult in coastal regions. The 1 day repeat of the Cal/Val phase of SWOT provides a unique dataset that can be exploited for tidal analysis. In this work, KaRIn data from the SWOT Cal/Val phase are analyzed in two coastal regions to present a first look at the possibilities for tidal analysis from SWOT. The areas are: (a) Bristol Channel and (b) Great South Bay. When benchmarked against in situ measurements in these regions, substantial improvements over tide models, which typically report errors exceeding tens of centimeters and degrees, are seen. Specifically, the SWOT ocean‐tide estimates exhibit amplitude discrepancies ranging from 1.75 to 3 cm and phase lag discrepancies between 1.75° and 2.75° when compared with in situ tide gauge data. These findings underscore the value of SWOT for tidal research in complex coastal regions. Plain Language Summary Estimating ocean tides in the coastal region has challenged tide modelers for decades. The recently launched SWOT satellite provides the opportunity to derive estimations of ocean tides at unprecedented spatial scales thanks to the innovative wide‐swath measurement principle, particularly in complex coastal regions. The mission's Calibration and Validation (Cal/Val) phase is particularly interesting for tidal research, as the tide‐favorable orbit allows for the derivation of the major tidal constituents with a relatively short time series of SWOT data. This manuscript evaluates the largest tidal constituent, the principal lunar M2${\\mathrm{M}}_{2}$tide, derived from SWOT's Cal/Val phase within two complex coastal regions. Results within the Bristol Channel and the Great South Bay demonstrate unprecedented spatial variability in the amplitude and phase lag of the M2${\\mathrm{M}}_{2}$tide. Additionally, with respect to in situ measurements, SWOT‐derived estimates resulted in reduced errors compared with global tide models in these complex coastal regions. The initial insights demonstrated several strengths and opportunities for using SWOT to improve tide models and new avenues of research with satellite measurements of ocean tides, particularly within fjords and estuaries. Key Points SWOT KaRIn data from the Cal/Val phase is used to derive M2${\\mathrm{M}}_{2}$tide in two complex coastal regions Results demonstrate the spatial variability of amplitude and phase lag of coastal tides SWOT KaRIn measurements are useful for studying tidal flats and ocean tides in river mouths and estuaries
Journal Article
Midnight
A series of bizarre deaths draws Tessa Lockland and Sam Booker to Moonlight Cove, where they team up with natives Chrissie Foster and Harry Talbot to combat the evil that threatens the community.
Book
M2 Internal Tides and Their Observed Wavenumber Spectra from Satellite Altimetry
A near-global chart of surface elevations associated with the stationary M 2 internal tide is empirically constructed from multimission satellite altimeter data. An advantage of a strictly empirical mapping approach is that results are independent of assumptions about ocean wave dynamics and, in fact, can be used to test such assumptions. A disadvantage is that present-day altimeter coverage is only marginally adequate to support mapping such short-wavelength features. Moreover, predominantly north–south ground-track orientations and contamination from nontidal oceanographic variability can lead to deficiencies in mapped tides. Independent data from Cryosphere Satellite-2 ( CryoSat-2 ) and other altimeters are used to test the solutions and show positive reduction in variance except in regions of large mesoscale variability. The tidal fields are subjected to two-dimensional wavenumber spectral analysis, which allows for the construction of an empirical map of modal wavelengths. Mode-1 wavelengths show good agreement with theoretical wavelengths calculated from the ocean’s mean stratification, with a few localized exceptions (e.g., Tasman Sea). Mode-2 waves are detectable in much of the ocean, with wavelengths in reasonable agreement with theoretical expectations, but their spectral signatures grow too weak to map in some regions.
Journal Article