Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
65
result(s) for
"Reade, Julian"
Sort by:
Assyrian Antiquities Lost in Translation
Europeans who excavated the great Assyrian cities in the mid-nineteenth century discovered colossal alabaster figures, hundreds of wall panels, and innumerable smaller items that they wished to send home. The journey was perilous and much was lost, most notably sculptures from Khorsabad and elsewhere that were on a French convoy attacked near the Tigris-Euphrates confluence in 1855. There has been much uncertainty over what perished on this and other occasions. This paper integrates the relevant sources, identifies antiquities lost during transport from Khorsabad, the Northwest Palace at Nimrud, the Southwest and North Palaces at Nineveh, and other sites, and compares the loss of original photographs, squeezes and paper archives after arrival in Europe.
Journal Article
XENOPHON'S ROUTE THROUGH BABYLONIA AND ASSYRIA
The Anabasis of the Greek historian Xenophon describes the march of a mercenary army in 401–400 B.C. from the Aegean coast down the Euphrates to Babylonia, and back up the Tigris to the Black Sea and the Aegean. This paper presents the evidence for the army's route through Babylonia and Assyria, and attempts to resolve the main uncertainties. يصف كتاب رحلة زينوفون للمؤرخ اليوناني زينوفون مسيرة جيش من المرتزقة في عام 400—401 قبل الميلاد من ساحل بحر إيجة الى نهر الفرات في بابل وثم العودة الى أعالي دجلة في طريقهم الى البحر الأسود ثم الى بحر إيجة. يطرح هذا البحث أدلة عن مسيرة هذا الجيش عبر بلاد بابل و آشور في محاولة لإيجاد حل لبعض المواقع غير المتأكد منها.
Journal Article
THE 1975 KOUYUNJIK COLOPHON PROJECT AND ITS CONSEQUENCES FOR THE COLLECTION
This paper relates how in 1975 the writer initiated a project to classify the scholarly tablets of the Kouyunjik Collection by their colophons, which led to the discovery and publication of additional fragments of the collection.
Journal Article
THE MANUFACTURE, EVALUATION AND CONSERVATION OF CLAY TABLETS INSCRIBED IN CUNEIFORM
Knowledge of ancient Middle Eastern history is largely based on written records preserved on clay tablets, but tablets have often been separated from other archaeological artefacts, with erratic consequences. This paper discusses the treatment, distribution and evaluation of tablets since the first major discoveries in 1850, the problems and potential advantages of identifying clay sources and methods of manufacture, the challenges of preserving and recording tablets found in different conditions in the field, and the development of cleaning and long-term conservation techniques. Early experiments in firing tablets at the British Museum and at Babylon were followed by the systematic work of Friedrich Rathgen in Berlin around 1900. While his methods were gradually accepted in principle, there was limited communication among specialists, and independent procedures evolved. The debate on best practice continues.
المعرفة عن تاريخ الشرق الأوسط يستند أساسا على الكتابات المحفوظة على الرقم الطينية، ولكن غالبا ما افترقت هذه الرقم عن القطع الأثرية الأخرى مما أدى الى عواقب غير منظمة. تناقش هذه المقالة معالجة وتوزيع وتقييم الرقم الطينية منذ الإكتشاف الأول لها عام 1850 م والمشاكل والمزايا المحتملة في تحديد مصادر طينها وطرق صناعتها وتحديات المحافظة عليها وتسجيلها علما بأنه قد عثر عليها بحالات وفي مواقع مختلفة وكذلك طرق تنظيفها والحفاظ عليها على المدى الطويل. بعد التجارب الأولى في فخر الرقم الطينية التي جرت في المتحف البريطاني وفي بابل جاءت أعمال فريدريك راثجن المنتظمة في برلين حوالي عام 1900 . رغم تقبل هذه الطرق مبدئيا بشكل تدريجي فلم يكن هناك الاّ القليل من الإتصال بين المختصين، لذلك نشات طرق مستقلة أخرى جراء ذلك. ولا يزال الحوار دائرا حول أفضل الطرق في هذا المجال.
Journal Article
The Ishtar Temple at Nineveh
Nineveh, like modern Mosul of which it is now a suburb, lay at the heart of a prosperous agricultural region with many interregional connections, and the temple of Ishtar of Nineveh dominated the vast mound of Kuyunjik (Fig. 1). Trenches dug on behalf of the British Museum, mainly by Christian Rassam in 1851–2, Hormuzd Rassam in 1852–4 and 1878–80, George Smith in 1873–4, and Leonard King and Reginald Campbell Thompson in 1903–5, impinged on the site. The main temple was almost completely cleared, together with an area to the north-west, by Thompson and colleagues in four seasons between 1927 and 1932 (Figs. 2–3). Many original King and Thompson records are kept in the Department of the Ancient Near East at the British Museum; some photographic negatives are at the Royal Asiatic Society in London. The numerous objects from Thompson's excavations are now divided between the Iraq Museum, the British Museum (where they are registered in the 1929-10-12, 1930-5-8, 1932-12-10 and 1932-12-12 collections, mostly corresponding to the four successive seasons), the Birmingham City Museum, the Ashmolean Museum at Oxford, and the Fitzwilliam Museum at Cambridge; some were given to other institutions, and to individuals who had contributed to the excavation costs.
Journal Article
The Progress of Research on the Sculptures of Ashurbanipal
About 1964 I was a passenger in a car between Aleppo and Hama and noticed an enormous walled city mound not far away on the left-hand side of the road. It must have been Tell Mardikh, and so I could understand the story later told by the Sumerologist Edmond Sollberger that the prime reason for choosing Mardikh as a site to excavate was its sheer size. Paolo Matthiae has demonstrated that there were additional good reasons for working there. For this auspicious occasion in his honour, I had thought of addressing the relationships between Ebla, Lagash and Ur, but was
Book Chapter
New lives for old stones
Assyrian sculptures have been treated in various ways. Neglected original records about pieces found at Nineveh can still be informative. Pieces that did not go at once to major public museums were sometimes liable to rejuvenation, detached from their original contexts but endowed with new significance as commercial assets, as independent works of art, or as integral parts of contemporary architecture. Two Nimrud sculptures, built into the walls of Newbattle Abbey near Edinburgh, represent a unique fusion of Assyrian and Scots artistry, now vulnerable to financial pressures.
Journal Article
Real and Imagined \Hittite Palaces\ at Khorsabad and Elsewhere
Between 745 and 700 BC the Assyrian empire established itself in much of the Levant, becoming a Mediterranean as well as a Mesopotamian power. People from former Syro-Hittite states and the coasts of Phoenicia and Palestine were dispersed across the empire, bringing their own social conventions, cultures and expertise in fields ranging from cookery and metallurgy to music and architecture. Many Assyrian kings in previous centuries had demonstrated their respect for these high cultures of the West; Herzfeld (1930: 186–93) was one of the earlier scholars to consider the extent of their indebtedness. Now kings who had visited the West and who had seen how people lived there, built western features into new palaces at Nimrud, Khorsabad and Nineveh. A clear allusion to this process resides in use of the phrase “like a Hittite palace”, literally tamšil ekal mat Hatti , “a replica of a palace of the land of Hatti”, i.e. the kind of palace or palatial structure familiar in the Syro-Hittite, Luwian and Levantine territories which eighth-century Assyrians still called after the Hittites. Tiglath-pileser III, Sargon and Sennacherib all recorded the construction of buildings like this, to which the term bit hilani (with minor variants) was also applied; Esarhaddon recorded building in both Hittite and Assyrian styles, and Ashurbanipal too built a bit hilani . The clearest relevant archaeological evidence consists of some remains on the western side of the main royal palace of Sargon at Khorsabad. P.-É. Botta, the first excavator of these remains, assigned them the name of Monument isolé, Monument X or Temple (henceforward simply Monument X).
Journal Article