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"Reef, Catherine"
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The Brontèe sisters : the brief lives of Charlotte, Emily and Anne
Biography of the three English sisters who became famous authors in Victorian England.
Book
African Americans in the Military
From the War of Independence to the contemporary conflict in Iraq, African Americans have played a central role in United States military history. Reflecting the often war-like nature of American race relations, the military has been a site of fierce political contestation, both figuratively and literally. More than any other segment of American society, the armed forces have encapsulated the tension of demanding that African Americans sacrifice their lives on the behalf of the nation, while they are often still denied the fruits of equal citizenship. As a result, African American soldiers have historically held powerful and often competing metonymic values, functioning as symbolic embodiments of issues such as African American citizenship, manhood, civic nationalism, and black radicalism. The figurative resonance of black soldiers, however, frequently overshadows the fact that African Americans have been and remain attracted to the military as a site to make democracy a lived reality and as an opportunity for personal social, educational, and economic advancement, in particular during moments of warfare. The history of African Americans in the military thus encompasses more than dichotomized stories of, on the one hand, unflinching patriotism and, on the other, systemic racial abuse. Shaped by the forces of war, the contextual character of the armed forces, and the evolving nature of race relations, the history of African American servicemen and women reflects the everyday struggles of black people to appropriate the military as an institution to fulfill the promise and potential of their citizenship.
Reference
Noah Webster : man of many words
\"Noah Webster may be best remembered the enormous and ambitious task of writing his famous dictionary, but for him, this accomplishment was a means to an end. His true goal was to streamline the language spoken in our newly formed country so that it could be used as a force to bring people together and be a source of national pride. Though people laughed at his ideas, Webster never doubted himself. In the end, his so-called foolish notions achieved just what he had hoped. Here, in the only account of Noah Webster for teens, the seasoned biographer Catherine Reef guides us through Webster's remarkable life, from boyhood on a Connecticut farm through the fight for American independence to his days as a writer and political activist who greatly influenced our Founding Fathers and the direction of the young United States\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Traveling with geniuses
Sigmund Freud, Albert Einstein, and Walt Whitman began their lives along seemingly different paths, but each one eventually had an insight that revolutionized thinking in his field. Through her research, Reef has learned that no genius makes his or her intuitive leap without long preparation.
Magazine Article
Victoria : portrait of a queen
\"A biography for teens on Queen Victoria (1819-1901). Her long reign was filled with drama, death, intrigue, and passion, and took place during a time of great transformation, an era that bears the imprint of her personality and values as well as that of her name--the Victorian period.\"--Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Regulation of water balance in mangroves
Mangroves are a group of highly salt-tolerant woody plants. The high water use efficiency of mangroves under saline conditions suggests that regulation of water transport is a crucial component of their salinity tolerance.
This review focuses on the processes that contribute to the ability of mangroves to maintain water uptake and limit water loss to the soil and the atmosphere under saline conditions, from micro to macro scales. These processes include: (1) efficient filtering of the incoming water to exclude salt; (2) maintenance of internal osmotic potentials lower than that of the rhizosphere; (3) water-saving properties; and (4) efficient exploitation of less-saline water sources when these become available.
Mangroves are inherently plastic and can change their structure at the root, leaf and stand levels in response to salinity in order to exclude salt from the xylem stream, maintain leaf hydraulic conductance, avoid cavitation and regulate water loss (e.g. suberization of roots and alterations of leaf size, succulence and angle, hydraulic anatomy and biomass partitioning). However, much is still unknown about the regulation of water uptake in mangroves, such as how they sense and respond to heterogeneity in root zone salinity, the extent to which they utilize non-stomatally derived CO2 as a water-saving measure and whether they can exploit atmospheric water sources.
Journal Article
Frida & Diego : art, love, life
Explores the tumultuous lives, marriage, and work of Mexican artists Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera.
BOOK
Mangrove dieback during fluctuating sea levels
Recent evidence indicates that climate change and intensification of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has increased variation in sea level. Although widespread impacts on intertidal ecosystems are anticipated to arise from the sea level seesaw associated with climate change, none have yet been demonstrated. Intertidal ecosystems, including mangrove forests are among those ecosystems that are highly vulnerable to sea level rise, but they may also be vulnerable to sea level variability and extreme low sea level events. During 16 years of monitoring of a mangrove forest in Mangrove Bay in north Western Australia, we documented two forest dieback events, the most recent one being coincident with the large-scale dieback of mangroves in the Gulf of Carpentaria in northern Australia. Diebacks in Mangrove Bay were coincident with periods of very low sea level, which were associated with increased soil salinization of 20–30% above pre-event levels, leading to canopy loss, reduced Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and reduced recruitment. Our study indicates that an intensification of ENSO will have negative effects on some mangrove forests in parts of the Indo-Pacific that will exacerbate other pressures.
Journal Article
Mary Shelley : the strange, true tale of Frankenstein's creator
\"On the 200th anniversary of the publication of Frankenstein, comes a ... biography of its author, Mary Shelley, whose life reads like a dark gothic novel, filled with scandal, death, drama, and one of the strangest love stories in literary history\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
How mangrove forests adjust to rising sea level
19 I. 19 II. 20 III. 20 IV. 21 V. 26 VI. 29 VII. 30 31 References 31 SUMMARY: Mangroves are among the most well described and widely studied wetland communities in the world. The greatest threats to mangrove persistence are deforestation and other anthropogenic disturbances that can compromise habitat stability and resilience to sea‐level rise. To persist, mangrove ecosystems must adjust to rising sea level by building vertically or become submerged. Mangroves may directly or indirectly influence soil accretion processes through the production and accumulation of organic matter, as well as the trapping and retention of mineral sediment. In this review, we provide a general overview of research on mangrove elevation dynamics, emphasizing the role of the vegetation in maintaining soil surface elevations (i.e. position of the soil surface in the vertical plane). We summarize the primary ways in which mangroves may influence sediment accretion and vertical land development, for example, through root contributions to soil volume and upward expansion of the soil surface. We also examine how hydrological, geomorphological and climatic processes may interact with plant processes to influence mangrove capacity to keep pace with rising sea level. We draw on a variety of studies to describe the important, and often under‐appreciated, role that plants play in shaping the trajectory of an ecosystem undergoing change.
Journal Article