Explore the vast range of titles available.

Background and Objectives: Mortality and illness due to COVID-19 have been linked to a condition known as cytokine release syndrome (CRS) that is characterized by excessive production of inflammatory cytokines, particularly interleukin-6 (IL-6). Tocilizumab (TCZ), a recent IL-6 antagonist, has been redeployed as adjunctive treatment for CRS remission in COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of Tocilizumab on patients’ survival and the length of stay in hospitalized COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit. Methods: Between January 2021 and June 2021, a multicenter retrospective cohort study was carried out in six tertiary care hospitals in Egypt’s governorate of Giza. Based on the use of TCZ during ICU stay, eligible patients were divided into two groups (control vs. TCZ). In-hospital mortality was the main outcome. Results: A total of 740 patient data records were included in the analysis, where 630 patients followed the routine COVID-19 protocol, while 110 patients received TCZ, need to different respiratory support after hospitalization, and inflammatory mediators such as C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) showed a statistically significant difference between the TCZ group and the control group. Regarding the primary outcome (discharged alive or death) and neither the secondary outcome (length of hospital stay), there is no statistically significant difference between patients treated with TCZ and the control group. Conclusions: Our cohort of patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 did not assert a reduction in the risk of mortality or the length of stay (LOS) after TCZ administration.

Background: Bronchial asthma is one of the most ordinary chronic chest troubles that are the most common cause of chronic illness in children and impaired cognition, language disorders, sleep disturbances, behavior, and learning of children. Aims: The current study aimed to determine the percentage of delayed language development among asthmatic Egyptian children aged (2- 5) years old. Materials& Methods: This study was done between February 2018 and January 2020 at Al- Tahrir public hospital, Giza governorate. Three hundred and sixty sex asthmatic children were conducted in this cross- sectional study; their ages ranged from (2- 5) years. Modified preschool language scale- four (Arabic edition) was applied to diagnose delayed language development (DLD). After that, the studied group was classified into group1: Three hundred asthmatic children with typical language acquisition, group2: 66 asthmatic children with abnormal language acquisition DLD. Results: Eighteen percent of the studied group (66 children) had DLD. Sex, Body Mass Index (BMI, consanguinity, and different medical treatments showed non- significant correlations between both groups. Children with moderate persistent asthma and mild persistent asthma represents (21.2%) and (16.7%) consecutively from total number of group 2 in comparison to (19.3%) and (6%) consecutively in the same asthma categories in group 1 with a P- value of0.018. Household Education is noticed in (33.3%) of group 2 in comparison to (19.7%) in group1 with a Pvalue of 0.048. Positive prenatal/ postnatal history was positive in (19.7%) of children with DLD in comparison to (10%) in the other group with a P- value= 0.027. Difficult toilet training detected in (25.8%) of group 2 in comparison to (15.3%) of group 1 with a P- value of0.004. Family history of asthma was found to be more prevalent in group 2 (42.4%) in comparison to (20.6%) in group 1 with a P- value of (P< 0.001). Conclusion: Asthmatic children (2- 5) years having a high risk for delayed language development.