Explore the vast range of titles available.

This study models the frequency use of wood, charcoal, liquid gas, electricity, and kerosene in urban households in Ghana and supplements the literature on cooking fuel choices. The modeling is based on survey data collected in several major Ghanaian cities. Survey results indicate that charcoal and liquid gas are frequently used in meal preparation, while the frequency use of firewood, kerosene, and electricity is limited. Frequency use is estimated using the ordered probit technique. Five cooking fuel use equations identify income, socio-demographic characteristics, and location of urban residents as influencing the frequency use. Statistically significant effects measure probability changes in each of the four fuel categories. Income and education increase the probability of often or very often of using liquid gas or electricity to cook. The effect of being employed by the government is similar but less consistent. Age, household size, and marital status are linked to frequency use, but differently affect specific fuels. As the number of children or adults increases in a household, so does the probability of using firewood or charcoal, but this also increases the probability that such households never use liquid gas or electricity for cooking. Regional differences indicate Tamale residents heavily rely on wood and charcoal, and infrequently use liquid gas or electricity. Multiple cooking fuel use behavior may reflect risk aversion to fuel shortages. Increasing incomes and improving education will drive the probability of an increased use of cleaner cooking fuels and decreased use of fuel mixes, benefiting meal preparers’ health and the environment.

In developing countries, problems such as malnutrition and food insecurity are shifting from rural to urban areas because of rapid urbanization. However, regional variations in alimental food consumption within urban settings have often been ignored. Using survey data, our study examines regional patterns of expenditure on fresh vegetables, fruits, and peanut products in urban households of Ghana. After accounting for socioeconomic and demographic factors, food expenditure on fresh vegetables and peanut products and income elasticity vary significantly across major cities. Food distributors may adjust their marketing strategies, while policy makers should pay attention to possible disparities in urban areas.

During the past thirty years, companies have recognized the consumer as the key driver for business and product success.This recognition has, in turn, generated its own drivers: sensory analysis and marketing research, leading first to a culture promoting the expert and then evolving into the systematic acquisition of consumer-relevant.

Using consumer survey data collected in Bulgaria in 1997, this study examined consumer preferences for peanuts in a transition economy. Perceived product attributes and household characteristics were hypothesized to influence attitude and peanut consumption behavior. The effects of perceived product attributes on overall attitude toward peanuts were examined, drawing on Fishbein's multiattribute model. Consumption behavior was analyzed using a count data model that distinguishes between participation and consumption frequency decisions. Results showed that perceived attributes with respect to taste and price consistently influenced consumers overall attitude toward peanuts and consumption behavior. Income and location of households were statistically significant in explaining peanut consumption frequency. Whereas perceived health attributes affected attitude toward peanuts, they were not directly associated with consumption behavior.

This chapter contains sections titled: Consumer Acceptance Tests Versus Market Research Tests Discrimination Tests Comparing the Different Discrimination Test Methods Selecting the Best Consumer Sensory Test Method References

This chapter contains sections titled: Applied Versus Academic Research in Products and Concepts Service Versus Science: The Researcher as Contractor Versus the Researcher as Professional The Search for Actionability‐Beyond Purity to Practicality Internet Based Research‐First Concepts, then Packages, then Products Rethinking Sensory Education‐It's Already being done, But is it Enough? Statistics‐Its Role in Sensory Research The Stuff of Sensory Analysis The Role of Journals and Books The Role of Conferences The Role of Professionalization and Accreditation‐Threat or Opportunity to Sensory Analysis References

This chapter contains sections titled: Discovering a Consumer The So‐Called Fuzzy Front End Looking at the Individual in Context‐Hazards and Remedies Understanding Consumers' Needs in Relation to Product Development Societal Constraints and Societal Demands Getting Everything to Work‐The Need for Coherence in Research Having Meaningful Consumer Interactions‐The Rules of “How” At the End of the Day, Consumers are Still People Incorporating Consumer Learning During Subsequent Phases of Product Development References