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"Reynard, Pierre-Claude"
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Ambitions Tamed
In Ambitions Tamed, Pierre Reynard profiles Morand's career to provide a case-study of the possibilities of urban reform and refashioning within the courtly society of the Old Regime. Morand's story offers fascinating insights into social and professional advancement in a society defined by privilege, the workings of a complex urban political culture, relationships between a provincial city and the capital, the role of factions in determining the success or failure of enterprises and reforms, and the technical and financial aspects of late eighteenth-century urban projects.
eBook
Explaining an Unstable Landscape: Claiming the Islands of the Early-Modern Rhone
The powerful floods of the early-modern river Rhone, in south-eastern France, frequently reshaped shorelines, unpredictably destroying and creating hundreds of islands of all sizes. The claims occasioned by these transformations triggered countless and often complex disputes that, in
turn, generated reflections on the origins of these 'new' lands. These interpretations, intended to advance complex legal arguments, varied along the river. A clear north-south contrast emerges from surviving documents that show that explanations of the emergence of alluvial lands were suited
to the socio-economic structures of the northern and southern sections of the Rhone and, more particularly, the relative balance of private/common property.
Journal Article
Ambitions Tamed
When Lyon's population experienced significant growth in the eighteenth century, architect Jean-Antoine Morand made a radical proposal: France's second city would expand across the river Rhône, making him rich in the process. Intense work and bitter rivalries resulted, although they bore fruit only long after Morand had died on the guillotine in 1794. In Ambitions Tamed, Pierre Reynard profiles Morand's career to provide a case-study of the possibilities of urban reform and refashioning within the courtly society of the Old Regime. Morand's story offers fascinating insights into social and professional advancement in a society defined by privilege, the workings of a complex urban political culture, relationships between a provincial city and the capital, the role of factions in determining the success or failure of enterprises and reforms, and the technical and financial aspects of late eighteenth-century urban projects. Ambitions Tamed illuminates the literature and methodologies of urban development, economic and entrepreneurial history, intellectual history, and environmental history in order to explain more fully the relationships among enlightened principles, established power structures, and new initiatives at the dawn of urban expansion.
eBook
Public Order and Privilege: Eighteenth-Century French Roots of Environmental Regulation
Reynard explores the gradual development of a cultural dynamic, or at least a political one. He uses records of disputes between mining and manufacturing enterprises and a wider public over the effects of industry on local environments to illuminate \"the origins of environmental regulation of economic activity.\"
Journal Article
Unreliable Mills: Maintenance Practices in Early Modern Papermaking
Preindustrial maintenance practices in the early modern papermaking industry are discussed.
Journal Article
A Fine Balance
From the completion of his bridge to his arrest late in 1793 , Morand continued work on a range of projects, besides the initiatives detailed thus far. He was a busy man, successful enough to support his family in a style that only a fraction of the population of his adoptive city could aspire to, even if it required endless financial juggling. Yet a number of disappointments suggest that his career was no longer on an ascendant curve. Was he able to accept this reality in light of the comforts and satisfactions his private life afforded him, or did his
Book Chapter
Decisive Years
The construction of a new quarter in Lyon was the making of Jean-Antoine Morand and Antoinette Levet. The Saint-Clair development, on the northeastern edge of the Presqu’île, brought them wealth. It also familiarized them with the social and cultural trends behind large-scale real estate ventures, the networks of forces indispensable to such projects, and the range of obstacles likely to stand in the way of success. By the mid-1760s, Morand was in a position to formulate the grand plan that stood at the centre of his career. In the following pages, we will explore the key parameters of this project
Book Chapter
Conceiving the Brotteaux and Securing a Monopoly
As early as 1761 , that is, soon after his return to Lyon from Parma and before the full potential of the Saint-Clair venture had become clear, Morand was already scouting lands directly across the Rhône from the new quarter. Although he was there on behalf of a client, we know that he was also, at the time, seeking opportunities beyond private architectural commissions.⁴ In 1763, for instance, he drew plans for a canal to ship building stones to Lyon and discussed a project of “private public garden” west of Paris.⁵ When the sale of his first Saint-Clair house allowed
Book Chapter
INTRODUCTION
Upon entering Lyon in 1788 , Mr C*** de T***, secretary to the king, decried the city’s narrow, ill-paved, and winding streets. In doing so he was intoning a well-known refrain. A bluish strip, a pale “sample of the sky,” suggested to him that the busy citizens feared air and light. Luckily, he was soon able to escape to the new Saint-Clair quarter, where he discovered a magnificent row of tall houses facing a superb promenade with a grand panorama looking eastward across the Rhône. Earlier in the decade, François de la Rochefoucauld, who, despite his elevated origins, was not
Book Chapter