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This paper deals with two intertwined issues linked to social strata analysis, namely social fragmentation and spatial polarisation within metropolitan/global cities. It aims at pointing out the missing link in the analysis of changes in job structures and their impacts upon social strata in large metropolitan areas. Although there was no apparent process of polarisation in the metropolitan employment structures, an in-depth analysis of social strata and of the school-age population provided supportive evidence that a double process of social polarisation and of spatial concentration of foreign households has been at work in metropolitan Paris during the 1982-90 period.

RÉSUMÉ La notion d’intégration est aujourd’hui chargée de sens si différents qu’elle est difficile à utiliser de manière rigoureuse. Le concept d’intégration avait été défini par Émile Durkheim, il y a un siècle, dans son œuvre inaugurale, De la division du travail social  : ce vrai concept était intégré à une théorie du « vouloir-vivre ensemble » qui était alors fondatrice à la fois dans la sociologie universitaire et dans l’État-providence. Depuis lors, ce concept a été actualisé, en particulier par la sociologie de l’immigration et par la sociologie politique, au cours des dernières décennies. Social integration, spatial integration The concept of «integration» is charged with so many different meanings today that it is difficult to apply it in a strict sense. Émile Durkheim defined integration a century ago in his inaugural work, The Division of Labour in Society . The concept was included in a theory of «wanting to live together», a founding theory for both university sociology and the welfare state. The concept of integration has since been updated, particularly in recent decades by the sociology of immigration and political sociology.

Which places are left to minorities in the housing and labour markets in metropolitan Paris? Over the last two decades, job structures have evolved dramatically, eroding the formerly prominent Paris working-class, shaking the social and political roots of its identity. These indicators would lead one to diagnose a growing fragmentation of metropolitan society. In the political debate, the burning issue of the crisis of suburbs has replaced outdated debate of the class struggle. This paper aims first to re-examine the interactions between social status and national origins, then analyses the housing conditions of different social strata, and finally demonstrates the pre-eminence of social status over national origins in the pattern of residential segregation.

Le 10 novembre 1999, à l'initiative de l'intergroupe Recherche et statistique, un forum « Recherche, informatique et libertés » s'est tenu au CNRS, à Paris. Ce forum a réuni une centaine de chercheurs de disciplines différentes (démographie, géographie, sociologie, épidémiologie, médecine), des juristes, des statisticiens, des administrateurs de l'INSEE, ainsi que des personnalités telles que J.-M. Delarue, conseiller d'État et vice-président du CNIS. La communauté des chercheurs est en en effet directement concernée par l'évolution que la loi Informatique et libertés doit subir dans les mois qui viennent. Dans le cadre de la construction européenne, la loi Informatique et libertés (1978), modifiée — pour l'épidémiologie— par la loi de 1984, doit être mise en conformité avec la directive 95/46/CE du Parlement européen et du Conseil du 24 octobre 1995. Cette loi de 1978 avait créé un climat de méfiance réciproque peu propice au développement de collaborations et de dialogues. On 10 November 1999, on the initiative of the joint committee on research and statistics, a forum on « research, informatics and freedoms » was held at the CNRS in Paris. The forum was attended by around 100 researchers from various disciplines (demography, geography, sociology, epidemiology, medicine), lawyers, statisticians, administrators from INSEE, and government officials such as Jean-Marie Delarue, a senior member of the Council of State and vice-chairman of the CNIL, the French data protection watchdog. The research community is directly concerned by the amendments to be made to the law on data protection in the coming months. As part of European harmonisation, the national law on data protection (1978), amended for epidemiology by the law of 1984, must be brought into line with Directive 95/46/CE of the European Parliament and Council of 24 October 1995. The 1978 law created a climate of reciprocal mistrust that did little to favour cooperation and dialogue.