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الثراء للأزواج الأذكياء : 9 خطوات لمستقبل ثرى لك ولشريك حياتك
كتاب الثراء للأزواج الأذكياء كتابا حول ما هو أبعد من الإدخار والاستثمار. يعتقد باك أن السيطرة على الجانب المالي من الحياة الزوجية كفيل بأن يجعلها حياة مستقرة، بحيث يتخلص الأزواج من الكثير من الخلافات والقلق الناتج عن تفادي النقاشات المالية وذلك من خلال التخطيط وتصحيح المفاهيم الخاطئة والحوار الجدي بشأن المال. ومن أجل مساعدة الأزواج في هذه الرحلة الممتعة يقدم باك خطة متكاملة من تسع خطوات عملية تتضمن العديد من الأدوات والاستمارات والمواقع الإلكترونية التي يمكنها أن تساعد الأزواج وكذلك الأبناء في تكوين ثقافة مالية يمكن الاعتماد عليها من أجل وضع الخطط المالية، والادخار، وتحقيق الأمان المالي، وعيش الأحلام.
Book
Estimating Hourly Concentrations of PM2.5 across a Metropolitan Area Using Low-Cost Particle Monitors
There is concern regarding the heterogeneity of exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) across urban areas leading to negatively biased health effects models. New, low-cost sensors now permit continuous and simultaneous measurements to be made in multiple locations. Measurements of ambient PM were made from October to April 2015–2016 and 2016–2017 to assess the spatial and temporal variability in PM and the relative importance of traffic and wood smoke to outdoor PM concentrations in Rochester, NY, USA. In general, there was moderate spatial inhomogeneity, as indicated by multiple pairwise measures including coefficient of divergence and signed rank tests of the value distributions. Pearson correlation coefficients were often moderate (~50% of units showed correlations >0.5 during the first season), indicating that there was some coherent variation across the area, likely driven by a combination of meteorological conditions (wind speed, direction, and mixed layer heights) and the concentration of PM2.5 being transported into the region. Although the accuracy of these PM sensors is limited, they are sufficiently precise relative to one another and to research grade instruments that they can be useful is assessing the spatial and temporal variations across an area and provide concentration estimates based on higher-quality central site monitoring data.
Journal Article
أسرار الأشخاص الأثرياء : 50 طريقة لتصبح ثريا
يحتوي هذا الكتاب على مجموعة من الخصائص النصية الفريدة، والتي تم وضعها لتساعدك على قراءة الفصول بسرعة ويسر. ستجد هذه الخصائص النصية مشارا إليها في الكتاب بهذه الرموز التالية. يحتوي كل فصل على اقتباسات لشخصيات ملهمة. ستكون هذه الاقتباسات مفيدة لأنها ستساعدك على فهم وجهات نظر مختلفة وسبب فائدة كل سر من الأسرار في سياق عملي. يوجد أيضا في كل فصل ثلاث استراتيجيات تلخص الوسائل التي يمكنك من خلالها وضع هذا السر في حيز التنفيذ. يقدم مربع ملخص ما سبق الموجود في نهاية كل فصل موجزا لكل فصل، وطريقة سريعة للوصول إلى المبادئ الجوهرية لكل سر. سترى أيضا شريطا خاصا بكل فصل على الجانب الأيسر للصفحات اليسرى، ليساعدك على تحديد التقدم الذي تحرزه في الكتاب، وليسهل من رجوعك لفصل معين رأيت أنه مفيد أو ملهم.
Book
Ozone effects on blood biomarkers of systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial function, and thrombosis: The Multicenter Ozone Study in oldEr Subjects (MOSES)
The evidence that exposure to ozone air pollution causes acute cardiovascular effects is mixed. We postulated that exposure to ambient levels of ozone would increase blood markers of systemic inflammation, prothrombotic state, oxidative stress, and vascular dysfunction in healthy older subjects, and that absence of the glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 (GSTM1) gene would confer increased susceptibility. This double-blind, randomized, crossover study of 87 healthy volunteers 55-70 years of age was conducted at three sites using a common protocol. Subjects were exposed for 3 h in random order to 0 parts per billion (ppb) (filtered air), 70 ppb, and 120 ppb ozone, alternating 15 min of moderate exercise and rest. Blood was obtained the day before, approximately 4 h after, and approximately 22 h after each exposure. Linear mixed effect and logistic regression models evaluated the impact of exposure to ozone on pre-specified primary and secondary outcomes. The definition of statistical significance was p<0.01. There were no effects of ozone on the three primary markers of systemic inflammation and a prothrombotic state: C-reactive protein, monocyte-platelet conjugates, and microparticle-associated tissue factor activity. However, among the secondary endpoints, endothelin-1, a potent vasoconstrictor, increased from pre- to post-exposure with ozone concentration (120 vs 0 ppb: 0.07 pg/mL, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.01, 0.14; 70 vs 0 ppb: -0.03 pg/mL, CI -0.09, 0.04; p = 0.008). Nitrotyrosine, a marker of oxidative and nitrosative stress, decreased with increasing ozone concentrations, with marginal significance (120 vs 0 ppb: -41.5, CI -70.1, -12.8; 70 vs 0 ppb: -14.2, CI -42.7, 14.2; p = 0.017). GSTM1 status did not modify the effect of ozone exposure on any of the outcomes. These findings from healthy older adults fail to identify any mechanistic basis for the epidemiologically described cardiovascular effects of exposure to ozone. The findings, however, may not be applicable to adults with cardiovascular disease.
Journal Article
The Association between Respiratory Infection and Air Pollution in the Setting of Air Quality Policy and Economic Change
Fine particulate matter air pollution of 2.5 μm or less in diameter (PM
) has been associated with an increased risk of respiratory disease, but assessments of specific respiratory infections in adults are lacking.
To estimate the rate of respiratory infection healthcare encounters in adults associated with acute increases in PM
concentrations.
Using case-crossover methods, we studied 498,118 adult New York State residents with a primary diagnosis of influenza, bacterial pneumonia, or culture-negative pneumonia upon hospitalization or emergency department (ED) visit (2005-2016). We estimated the relative rate of healthcare encounters associated with increases in PM
in the previous 1-7 days and explored differences before (2005-2007), during (2008-2013), and after (2014-2016) implementation of air quality policies and economic changes.
Interquartile range increases in PM
over the previous 7 days were associated with increased excess rates (ERs) of culture-negative pneumonia hospitalizations (2.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-3.2%) and ED visits (2.5%; 95% CI, 1.4-3.6%), and increased ERs of influenza ED visits (3.9%; 95% CI, 2.1-5.6%). Bacterial pneumonia hospitalizations, but not ED visits, were associated with increases in PM
and, though imprecise, were of a similar magnitude to culture-negative pneumonia (Lag Day 6 ER, 2.3%; 95% CI, 0.3-4.3). Increased relative rates of influenza ED visits and culture-negative pneumonia hospitalizations were generally larger in the \"after\" period (P < 0.025 for both outcomes), compared with the \"during\" period, despite reductions in overall PM
concentrations.
Increased rates of culture-negative pneumonia and influenza were associated with increased PM
concentrations during the previous week, which persisted despite reductions in PM
from air quality policies and economic changes. Though unexplained, this temporal variation may reflect altered toxicity of different PM
mixtures or increased pathogen virulence.
Journal Article
Differences in Birth Weight Associated with the 2008 Beijing Olympics Air Pollution Reduction: Results from a Natural Experiment
Previous studies have reported decreased birth weight associated with increased air pollutant concentrations during pregnancy. However, it is not clear when during pregnancy increases in air pollution are associated with the largest differences in birth weight.
Using the natural experiment of air pollution declines during the 2008 Beijing Olympics, we evaluated whether having specific months of pregnancy (i.e., 1st…8th) during the 2008 Olympics period was associated with larger birth weights, compared with pregnancies during the same dates in 2007 or 2009.
Using n = 83,672 term births to mothers residing in four urban districts of Beijing, we estimated the difference in birth weight associated with having individual months of pregnancy during the 2008 Olympics (8 August-24 September 2008) compared with the same dates in 2007 and 2009. We also estimated the difference in birth weight associated with interquartile range (IQR) increases in mean ambient particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations during each pregnancy month.
Babies whose 8th month of gestation occurred during the 2008 Olympics were, on average, 23 g larger (95% CI: 5 g, 40 g) than babies whose 8th month occurred during the same calendar dates in 2007 or 2009. IQR increases in PM2.5 (19.8 μg/m3), CO (0.3 ppm), SO2 (1.8 ppb), and NO2 (13.6 ppb) concentrations during the 8th month of pregnancy were associated with 18 g (95% CI: -32 g, -3 g), 17 g (95% CI: -28 g, -6 g), 23 g (95% CI: -36 g, -10 g), and 34 g (95% CI: -70 g, 3 g) decreases in birth weight, respectively. We did not see significant associations for months 1-7.
Short-term decreases in air pollution late in pregnancy in Beijing during the 2008 Summer Olympics, a normally heavily polluted city, were associated with higher birth weight.
Rich DQ, Liu K, Zhang J, Thurston SW, Stevens TP, Pan Y, Kane C, Weinberger B, Ohman-Strickland P, Woodruff TJ, Duan X, Assibey-Mensah V, Zhang J. 2015. Differences in birth weight associated with the 2008 Beijing Olympics air pollution reduction: results from a natural experiment. Environ Health Perspect 123:880-887; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408795.
Journal Article
كيف تكون ثريا ؟ : خطة لتعيش وتختم حياتك غنيا
تناول الكتاب حيث يقول المؤلف أتود أن تعيش غنيا وتتقاعد أغنى أن تصل إلى درجة من الثراء تخولك القيام بما تحب في الوقت الذي تحب أن تعتني حتى لا يبقى في ذاتك أي قلق بشأن المال ؟ أيكون لك من المال ما يمكنك من صنع فرق في هذه الحياة ومساعدة الآخرين إن كان جوابك نعم فتوقف عن السير في طريقتك القديمة وافتح هذا الكتاب ثم اقرأ بضع صفحات. إن نهج السيد باخ الهين يجعل حياتك المالية تعمل بشكل تلقائي وأنت نائم، كل ما عليك فعله هو اتباع برنامجه ذي الخطوة الواحدة لتصل إلى الأمن المالي أما الباقي فهو تلقائي.
BOOK
The effect of air pollution on the transcriptomics of the immune response to respiratory infection
Combustion related particulate matter air pollution (PM) is associated with an increased risk of respiratory infections in adults. The exact mechanism underlying this association has not been determined. We hypothesized that increased concentrations of combustion related PM would result in dysregulation of the innate immune system. This epidemiological study includes 111 adult patients hospitalized with respiratory infections who underwent transcriptional analysis of their peripheral blood. We examined the association between gene expression at the time of hospitalization and ambient measurements of particulate air pollutants in the 28 days prior to hospitalization. For each pollutant and time lag, gene-specific linear models adjusting for infection type were fit using LIMMA (Linear Models For Microarray Data), and pathway/gene set analyses were performed using the CAMERA (Correlation Adjusted Mean Rank) program. Comparing patients with viral and/or bacterial infection, the expression patterns associated with air pollution exposure differed. Adjusting for the type of infection, increased concentrations of Delta-C (a marker of biomass smoke) and other PM were associated with upregulation of iron homeostasis and protein folding. Increased concentrations of black carbon (BC) were associated with upregulation of viral related gene pathways and downregulation of pathways related to antigen presentation. The pollutant/pathway associations differed by lag time and by type of infection. This study suggests that the effect of air pollution on the pathogenesis of respiratory infection may be pollutant, timing, and infection specific.
Journal Article