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Compared with the MHC of typical mammals, the chicken MHC is smaller and simpler, with only two class I genes found in the B12 haplotype. We make five points to show that there is a single-dominantly expressed class I molecule that can have a strong effect on MHC function. First, we find only one cDNA for two MHC haplotypes (B14 and B15) and cDNAs corresponding to two genes for the other six (B2, B4, B6, B12, B19, and B21). Second, we find, for the B4, B12, and B15 haplotypes, that one cDNA is at least 10-fold more abundant than the other. Third, we use 2D gel electrophoresis of class I molecules from pulse-labeled cells to show that there is only one heavy chain spot for the B4 and B15 haplotypes, and one major spot for the B12 haplotype. Fourth, we determine the peptide motifs for B4, B12, and B15 cells in detail, including pool sequences and individual peptides, and show that the motifs are consistent with the peptides binding to models of the class I molecule encoded by the abundant cDNA. Finally, having shown for three haplotypes that there is a single dominantly expressed class I molecule at the level of RNA, protein, and antigenic peptide, we show that the motifs can explain the striking MHC-determined resistance and susceptibility to Rous sarcoma virus. These results are consistent with the concept of a \"minimal essential MHC\" for chickens, in strong contrast to typical mammals.

George William Taylor, clergyman, entomologist, conchologist (b at Derby, Eng 1854; d 22 Aug 1912, buried at Nanaimo, BC). After immigrating to Victoria, BC, in 1882, he studied theology and was ordained an Anglican priest in 1886.

Cockroach, swift-running, flattened, oval-shaped insect belonging to order Dictyoptera.

Over 2000 species of true crickets (superfamily Grylloidea) are known worldwide.

Grasshopper is the common name for straight-winged insects which, together with locusts, make up the order Orthoptera.

James Fletcher, entomologist, botanist (b at Ashe, Eng 28 Mar 1852; d at Montréal 8 Nov 1908).

Charles James Stewart Bethune, clergyman, entomologist, educator (b in W Flamborough Twp, Upper Canada 11 Aug 1838; d at Toronto 18 Apr 1932). He was a graduate of Toronto's Upper Canada College and University of Toronto's Trinity College (BA 1859) and was ordained an Anglican priest in 1862.

Charles Gordon Hewitt, administrator, economic entomologist, conservationist (born 23 February 1885 in Macclesfield, England; died 29 February 1920 in Ottawa, ON). Charles Gordon Hewitt was an expert on houseflies who served as Canada’s Dominion entomologist from 1909 until his death. He played an important role in expanding the government’s entomology branch, as well as in passing the Destructive Insect and Pest Act (1910).

La plupart des 3500 espèces connues dans le monde sont tropicales ou subtropicales. Au Canada, on trouve seulement 10 espèces parmi lesquelles 7 ont été introduites par l'intermédiaire du commerce et de l'immigration.

Répartition On en connaît plus de 12 000 espèces dans le monde et environ 140 au Canada. Leur longueur varie entre 2 et 12 cm. On les rencontre dans toutes les provinces, mais la majorité des espèces se trouvent dans les prairies de l'Ouest.