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Public transportation plays an important role in residents’ mobility, especially in big cities like Jakarta. According to the Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistics, the number of public transportation passengers has increased every year. However, there are many complaints indicating dissatisfaction with the services provided. This study uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process method to understand the factors influencing satisfaction with and selection of public transportation services in Jakarta. Analysis of demographic groups shows that gender, age, and employment status influence the assessment of these factors. Overall, safety is the most important factor, accounting for 40.72% of the total weight, followed by comfort (22.03%), availability (16.7%), service (10.85%), and cost (9.69%). Performance evaluations of each factor across various modes of public transportation in Jakarta indicate that the MRT is the best, followed by taxis, the LRT, online car services, online bike services, Transjakarta, Jaklingko, and the Commuter Line. This study supports Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11 by providing recommendations to improve urban mobility through safe and efficient public transportation, thereby achieving sustainability in transportation.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycoplasma genitalium are important causative agents of infections in humans. Like all other mycoplasmas, these species possess genomes that are significantly smaller than that of other prokaryotes. Moreover, both organisms possess an exceptionally compact set of DNA recombination and repair-associated genes. These genes, however, are sufficient to generate antigenic variation by means of homologous recombination between specific repetitive genomic elements. At the same time, these mycoplasmas have likely evolved strategies to maintain the stability and integrity of their ‘minimal’ genomes. Previous studies have indicated that there are considerable differences between mycoplasmas and other bacteria in the composition of their DNA recombination and repair machinery. However, the complete repertoire of activities executed by the putative recombination and repair enzymes encoded by Mycoplasma species is not yet fully understood. In this paper, we review the current knowledge on the proteins that likely form part of the DNA repair and recombination pathways of two of the most clinically relevant Mycoplasma species, M. pneumoniae and M. genitalium. The characterization of these proteins will help to define the minimal enzymatic requirements for creating bacterial genetic diversity (antigenic variation) on the one hand, while maintaining genomic integrity on the other.

In Indonesia, a QR code payment is referred to as QRIS (Quick Respond Code Indonesian Standard). QR code technology is employed by QRIS, a contemporary payment system, to establish connections between a variety of financial transactions. QRIS offers numerous advantages to businesses, including the ability to obtain numerous promotions, the automated recording of transactions, the ability to track financial income and expenses, and the elimination of the need to search for change. Regrettably, the low level of digital literacy in Indonesia has prevented certain individuals from adopting digital transactions. Consequently, policymakers and regulators will be able to make more informed decisions regarding the expansion of QRIS in Indonesia by gaining a more comprehensive understanding of the perceptions of utility and perceived ease of use among Indonesian users. This research involves individuals who have implemented QRIS. The sample size in this study was sufficient due to the use of PLS-SEM, a powerful multivariate analysis technique that is recognized for its statistical efficacy in small sample sizes. The study explores the behavioral intention to use QRIS among Indonesian users, emphasizing perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use while incorporating control variables such as age, experience, gender, income, and education. The analysis results indicate that perceived usefulness has a substantial impact on the behavior intention of QRIS, and perceived ease of use also has an impact on the behavior intention of using QRIS. Education and income were found to have no significant difference in relation to behavior intention of using QRIS, whereas age, experience, gender, and age were associated with a significant difference.

Pollution of groundwater is a primary issue because aquifers are susceptible to contamination from land use and anthropogenic impacts. Groundwater susceptibility is intrinsic and specific. Intrinsic vulnerability refers to an aquifer that is susceptible to pollution and to the geological and hydrogeological features. Vulnerability assessment is an essential step in assessing groundwater contamination. This approach provides a visual analysis for helping planners and decision makers to achieve the sustainable management of water resources. Comparative studies are applying different methodologies to result in the basic evaluation of the groundwater vulnerability. Based on the comparison of methods, there are several advantages and disadvantages. SI can be overlaid on DRASTIC and Pesticide DRASTIC to extract the divergence in sensitivity. DRASTIC identifies low susceptibility and underestimates the pollution risk while Pesticide DRASTIC and SI represents better risk and is recommended for the future. SINTACS method generates very high vulnerability zones with surface waters and aquifer interactions. GOD method could be adequate for vulnerability mapping in karstified carbonate aquifers at small-moderate scales, and EPIK method can be used for large scale. GOD method is suitable for designing large area such as land management while DRASTIC has good accuracy and more real use in geoenvironmental detailed studies.

In Indonesia, a QR code payment is referred to as QRIS (Quick Respond Code Indonesian Standard). OR code technology is employed by QRIS, a contemporary payment system, to establish connections between a variety of financial transactions. QRIS offers numerous advantages to businesses, including the ability to obtain numerous promotions, the automated recording of transactions, the ability to track financial income and expenses, and the elimination of the need to search for change. Regrettably, the low level of digital literacy in Indonesia has prevented certain individuals from adopting digital transactions. Consequently, policymakers and regulators will be able to make more informed decisions regarding the expansion of QRIS in Indonesia by gaining a more comprehensive understanding of the perceptions of utility and perceived ease of use among Indonesian users. This research involves individuals who have implemented ORIS. The sample size in this study was sufficient due to the use of PLS-SEM, a powerful multivariate analysis technique that is recognized for its statistical efficacy in small sample sizes. The study explores the behavioral intention to use ORIS among Indonesian users, emphasizing perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use while incorporating control variables such as age, experience, gender, income, and education. The analysis results indicate that perceived usefulness has a substantial impact on the behavior intention of QRIS, and perceived ease of use also has an impact on the behavior intention of using ORIS. Education and income were found to have no significant difference in relation to behavior intention of using ORIS, whereas age, experience, gender, and age were associated with a significant difference.

The construction industry is a major contributor to global CO2 emissions, particularly through Portland cement production. In Indonesia, the utilization of fly ash in ready-mix concrete presents a promising approach to sustainable construction. This strategy aligns infrastructure development with environmental objectives by potentially reducing emissions and supporting global climate change mitigation efforts. This study investigates the environmental impact of incorporating fly ash into ready-mix concrete employed for the Yogyakarta-Bawen toll road project, with a specific focus on CO2 emission reduction. Recognizing the critical role of sustainable construction practices in addressing climate change, this research aims to quantify the environmental benefits of substituting 40% of Portland cement with fly ash in FC 30 MPa ready-mix concrete. A comprehensive analysis revealed an 18% decrease in emissions associated with coarse aggregate and a 55% decrease from cement, despite a marginal increase from fine aggregate. Overall, this method achieved a significant 47% reduction in total CO2 emissions, demonstrating the effectiveness of fly ash in enhancing the sustainability of construction materials. This substantial reduction underscores the potential of fly ash integration as a key strategy for mitigating the environmental impact of large-scale infrastructure projects.

Introduction: Antibiotic susceptibility tests (AST) done on blood cultures are critical for the treatment of patients suspected to be suffering from bloodstream infection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of disc diffusion AST conducted directly (direct AST) from flagged-positive blood cultures, especially for Gram-positive cocci bacteria. Methodology: This study compared direct AST with conventional AST (broth micro-dilution). The antibiotics studied were piperacillin/tazobactam, gentamicin, ceftazidime, erythromycin, and penicillin. Accuracy was determined by calculating very major, major, and minor errors. The reliability was determined by categorical agreement and weighted Kappa index. Results: Gram-positive cocci bacteria were grown in pairs of blood culture bottles and tested with the two methods of AST. No very major errors were detected among the five types of antibiotics. Major errors of 2.56% and minor errors of 4.93% were found when testing gentamicin. The major and minor errors when testing erythromycin were 2.85% and 1.23%, respectively. Perfect agreements (categorical agreement: 100%; weighted Kappa index: 1) of the two AST methods were observed with piperacillin/tazobactam, ceftazidime, and penicillin. Almost perfect agreement was found with gentamicin and erythromycin. Categorical agreement results when testing antibiotics gentamicin and erythromycin were 93.83% and 97.53%, respectively. In addition, the weighted-Kappa index when testing these two antibiotics were 0.92 and 0.96, respectively. Conclusions: The accuracy and reliability of the direct AST was within acceptable limits.

This study explored the relationship between perceived authenticity and consumer purchase intention in green products, especially in the context of increasing awareness of sustainability among consumers. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, this research explores the dynamics of the relationship between perceived authenticity and consumer intention for green products. Analysis of key findings reveals that perceived authenticity is not just a concept but is a key element that forms the basis of consumer trust in brands and products. The results of this study highlight the important role of perceived authenticity as the main instrument in forming positive relationships between brands, consumers and green products. The implications are particularly relevant in a marketing context, where strategies that establish and maintain product authenticity are crucial. This study provides in-depth insight into how perceived authenticity not only influences consumers' perceptions of the sustainability of green products but also directly impacts purchase intention. This study also emphasizes the importance of marketing strategies that build and maintain perceived authenticity. This strategy not only helps brands win consumer trust but also becomes a catalyst in driving change towards more sustainable and responsible consumption. Thus, this study significantly contributes to business practitioners and academics in understanding the dynamics of the green product market amidst the shift in consumer values towards sustainability.

Barangan banana’s peel (Musa paradisiaca L.) is one of the most common by-products that are usually disposed in small and large quantities which can cause a serious environmental problem. Spray gel is a type of pharmaceutical preparation that is practical in use. This study aimed to formulate a spray gel preparation from the extract of barangan banana’s peel as an antibacterial agent. Barangan banana’s peel extract was formulated into a spray gel preparation with varying concentrations of F1 (10%), F2 (15%), and F3 (20%). Organoleptic evaluation, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, and centrifuge test were carried out. In the antimicrobial activity test, the barangan banana’s peel extract had inhibition zone diameters of 12.0 and 12.3 mm against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus , respectively. All formulas have stable organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, and centrifugation. Additionally, the formulation showed no sign of skin irritation at 24, 48, or 72 hours after the test material of the rabbits. Therefore, it was concluded that spray gel containing banana peel extract could be a very viable option for developing a novel antibacterial agent that is environmentally friendly and may help reducing waste problem.