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"Robbins, Michael"
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A Framework for Synthetic Control Methods With High-Dimensional, Micro-Level Data: Evaluating a Neighborhood-Specific Crime Intervention
The synthetic control method is an increasingly popular tool for analysis of program efficacy. Here, it is applied to a neighborhood-specific crime intervention in Roanoke, VA, and several novel contributions are made to the synthetic control toolkit. We examine high-dimensional data at a granular level (the treated area has several cases, a large number of untreated comparison cases, and multiple outcome measures). Calibration is used to develop weights that exactly match the synthetic control to the treated region across several outcomes and time periods. Further, we illustrate the importance of adjusting the estimated effect of treatment for the design effect implicit within the weights. A permutation procedure is proposed wherein countless placebo areas can be constructed, enabling estimation of p-values under a robust set of assumptions. An omnibus statistic is introduced that is used to jointly test for the presence of an intervention effect across multiple outcomes and post-intervention time periods. Analyses indicate that the Roanoke crime intervention did decrease crime levels, but the estimated effect of the intervention is not as statistically significant as it would have been had less rigorous approaches been used. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Journal Article
Elotuzumab plus Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone for Multiple Myeloma
In a randomized trial of pomalidomide plus dexamethasone with or without the immunostimulatory monoclonal antibody elotuzumab, the addition of elotuzumab doubled both the response rate and the duration of progression-free survival without increased toxic effects.
Journal Article
International cuisine
International Cuisine provides comprehensive coverage of cuisines found throughout the world not only through recipes and techniques, but also through coverage of the history, culture and geography that influence these various cuisines. With nearly 50 color photographs and 250 international recipes, the material is presented in an accessible and flexible manner. Not just a great text for students, International Cuisine also presents an invaluable guide for both professional chefs and home cooks who want to add greater international influences to their culinary repertoire.
Book
Alterations of NK Cell Phenotype in the Disease Course of Multiple Myeloma
Accumulating evidence demonstrates important roles for natural killer (NK) cells in controlling multiple myeloma (MM). A prospective flow cytometry-based analysis of NK cells in the blood and bone marrow (BM) of MM patient subgroups was performed (smoldering (SMM), newly diagnosed (ND), relapsed/refractory, (RR) and post-stem cell transplantation (pSCT)). Assessments included the biomarker expression and function of NK cells, correlations between the expression of receptors on NK cells with their ligands on myeloma cells, and comparisons between MM patient subgroups and healthy controls. The most striking differences from healthy controls were found in RR and pSCT patients, in which NK cells were less mature and expressed reduced levels of the activating receptors DNAM-1, NKG2D, and CD16. These differences were more pronounced in the BM than in blood, including upregulation of the therapeutic targets TIM3, TIGIT, ICOS, and GITR. Their expression suggests NK cells became exhausted upon chronic encounters with the tumor. A high expression of SLAMF7 on blood NK cells correlated with shorter progression-free survival. This correlation was particularly evident in ND patients, including on mature CD56dim NK cells in the BM. Thus, our NK cell analysis identified possible therapeutic targets in MM and a biomarker with prognostic potential for disease progression.
Journal Article
Lest we forget : the Great War : World War I prints from the Pritzker Military Museum & Library
\"Lest We Forget: The Great War is a fitting tribute to the memory of those who served during World War I. Each print in the book is a story within itself and the narrative and accompanying photos are extraordinarily informative. Within the chronology and 'traditional' recitation of the war's progress are outstanding discussions of the campaigns outside the Western Front (a true world war), conscription, the impact of the influenza epidemic, and many other special topics.\" Review by General David Bramlett, US Army (Retired)
Book
Elotuzumab enhances natural killer cell activation and myeloma cell killing through interleukin-2 and TNF-α pathways
Elotuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody specific for signaling lymphocytic activation molecule-F7 (SLAMF7, also known as CS1, CD319, or CRACC) that enhances natural killer (NK) cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of SLAMF7-expressing myeloma cells. This study explored the mechanisms underlying enhanced myeloma cell killing with elotuzumab as a single agent and in combination with lenalidomide, to support ongoing phase III trials in patients with relapsed/refractory or newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM). An in vitro peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL)/myeloma cell co-culture model was developed to evaluate the combination of elotuzumab and lenalidomide. Expression of activation markers and adhesion receptors was evaluated by flow cytometry, cytokine expression by Luminex and ELISPOT assays, and cytotoxicity by myeloma cell counts. Elotuzumab activated NK cells and promoted myeloma cell death in PBL/myeloma cell co-cultures. The combination of elotuzumab plus lenalidomide demonstrated superior anti-myeloma activity on established MM xenografts in vivo and in PBL/myeloma cell co-cultures in vitro than either agent alone. The combination enhanced myeloma cell killing by modulating NK cell function that coincided with the upregulation of adhesion and activation markers, including interleukin (IL)-2Rα expression, IL-2 production by CD3
+
CD56
+
lymphocytes, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production. In co-culture assays, TNF-α directly increased NK cell activation and myeloma cell death with elotuzumab or elotuzumab plus lenalidomide, and neutralizing TNF-α decreased NK cell activation and myeloma cell death with elotuzumab. These results demonstrate that elotuzumab activates NK cells and induces myeloma cell death via NK cell-mediated ADCC, which is further enhanced when combined with lenalidomide.
Journal Article
القائد بالمصادفة
يعرفك هذا الكتاب على ما تقدمه لهذا التحدي الجديد من إضافات وابتكارات أو إخفاقات وأيضا تعريف النجاح والسعي لتحقيقه وكسب الآخرين إلى جانبك كذلك معالجة جوانب قصورك الطبيعية ويعلمك النظام حالا ويأخذك من خلال النظام نحو الثقافة العامة للعمل وكيف توجه العاملين وتدفعهم نحو التنفيذ الإيجابي وفي هذا الكتاب توجيه هام لك في مسيرة حياتك نحو النجاح إنه مليء بالإجابات المهمة عن كثير من الأسئلة التي ستواجهك في مضمار القيادة.
Book
Association between depressive symptoms, use of antidepressant medication and the metabolic syndrome: the Maine-Syracuse Study
Background
Both depression and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) are two major public health issues. The aim of this study was to examine associations between depressive symptoms, the use of antidepressant medications, and the prevalence of MetS.
Methods
Cross-sectional analyses were undertaken on 970 participants from the Maine-Syracuse Study. Depressive symptoms were measured using two self-reported depression scales, the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the Zung self-rating depression scale. Antidepressant medication use was also self-reported. MetS was defined according to the recent harmonized criteria.
Results
The risk of MetS were approximately 79 and 86 % higher for those in the highest quartile for the CESD and the Zung (CES-D: OR = 1.79,
p
= 0.003; Zung: OR = 1.71,
p
= 0.006), compared to those in the lowest quartile. With adjustment for socio-demographic variables, lifestyle factors and C-reactive protein (CRP), risk was attenuated, but remained statistically significant for the CES-D. In those who reported using antidepressant medication, the odds of having MetS were over 2-fold higher (OR = 2.22,
p
< 0.001, fully adjusted model), compared to those who did not use antidepressants. Both measures of depressed mood were also associated with low high density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. Antidepressant use was associated with elevated fasting plasma glucose concentrations, hypertension, and low HDL-cholesterol.
Conclusion
Depressive symptoms and the use of antidepressant medications are associated with the prevalence of MetS, and with some of the individual components of the syndrome.
Journal Article