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Electroactive biofilms formation by the metal-reducing bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens is a step crucial for bioelectricity generation and bioremediation. The transcriptional regulator GSU1771 controls the expression of essential genes involved in electron transfer and biofilm formation in G . sulfurreducens , with GSU1771-deficient producing thicker and more electroactive biofilms. Here, RNA-seq analyses were conducted to compare the global gene expression patterns of wild-type and Δ gsu1771 mutant biofilms grown on non-conductive (glass) and conductive (graphite electrode) materials. The Δ gsu1771 biofilm grown on the glass surface exhibited 467 differentially expressed (DE) genes (167 upregulated and 300 downregulated) versus the wild-type biofilm. In contrast, the Δ gsu1771 biofilm grown on the graphite electrode exhibited 119 DE genes (79 upregulated and 40 downregulated) versus the wild-type biofilm. Among these DE genes, 67 were also differentially expressed in the Δ gsu1771 biofilm grown on glass (56 with the same regulation and 11 exhibiting counter-regulation). Among the upregulated genes in the Δ gsu1771 biofilms, we identified potential target genes involved in exopolysaccharide synthesis ( gsu1961-63 , gsu1959 , gsu1972-73 , gsu1976-77 ). RT-qPCR analyses were then conducted to confirm the differential expression of a selection of genes of interest. DNA-protein binding assays demonstrated the direct binding of the GSU1771 regulator to the promoter region of pgcA , pulF , relA , and gsu3356 . Furthermore, heme-staining and western blotting revealed an increase in c -type cytochromes including OmcS and OmcZ in Δ gsu1771 biofilms. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that GSU1771 is a global regulator that controls extracellular electron transfer and exopolysaccharide synthesis in G . sulfurreducens , which is crucial for electroconductive biofilm development.

Purpose The present research aims to study the correlations among organizational climate, academic satisfaction and organizational commitment as factors that influence happiness at work by applying a structural equation model to Spanish National Police cadets. Design/methodology/approach A descriptive, quantitative, correlational, exploratory and cross-sectional empirical study was carried out. A measurement instrument was applied to a target population of 397 student-inspectors enrolled for the 2018–2020 academic year on the executive scale at the National Police School (EPN) in Spain. A sample of 190 surveys was obtained, of which 33 were open competition, 52 were competitive examinations and 105 were selective seniority. Findings Structural equation modeling shows that academic satisfaction, organizational climate and practical organizational commitment are recommended variables for assessing happiness within organizations. On the other hand, there is a bit of a positive relationship between happiness and practical organizational commitment. The same is not true for the parameters of academic satisfaction and organizational climate. Originality/value This study fills a gap in the literature on the analysis of governance models in public administration. This is particularly relevant in professions that require a high degree of engagement with citizens, such as police officers. According to the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the first works to analyze corporate governance in police cadet schools in Spain under the happiness management approach. It contributes by offering a better understanding of the psychosocial variables that affect the existence of good governance.

Background A recent bibliometric analysis of 130 research studies on media coverage of mental disorders between 2002 and 2022 found that, in most cases, research insists that media coverage of mental disorders is generally negative. The objective of this research is to examine the tone and content of articles on mental health in the main digital media in Ibero-America in 2023. Likewise, we sought to identify the most common types of disorders or emerging disorders and whether the news items establish very simplistic links of mental health with topics such as video games and social, financial, or gender issues. In this study, simplistic links were defined as media representations that establish direct and unsubstantiated causal relationships between mental health and a single external factor, such as social media use, video games, or certain social or gender conditions. For example, headlines that attribute depression exclusively to TikTok use or that associate anxiety solely with being female, without nuance or empirical support, were classified in this category. In contrast, approaches that acknowledge multiple causes or include expert perspectives were coded as complex or contextualized analyses. This distinction allowed for the identification of reductionist media narratives that reinforce stereotypes or oversimplify psychosocial phenomena. Methods The most important digital media in each Ibero-American country was selected, and articles published on mental health in 2023 were collected ( n  = 20,020). Subsequently, mixed analysis was performed using an analysis sheet of a representative sample of information units ( n  = 1226). Results The majority representation of mental health was neutral in tone (56%), while a positive tone was evident in only 27% of the sample. Negative representation (17%) was generally linked to crime and substance abuse problems. The conditions with the highest frequency in the analyzed media were depression ( n  = 161), anxiety ( n  = 158), stress ( n  = 144), suicide ( n  = 88), substance addiction ( n  = 83), and neurocognitive disorders ( n  = 68). In 187 reports, simplistic links about disorders, especially the abuse of social networks and social issues, such as poverty or social exclusion, were found to emerge mainly in reports in which expert sources were contrasted. Conclusions The neutral representation of mental health in the media should not be considered a positive aspect, since a more proactive approach should be encouraged, focusing on the details of each situation without articulating homogeneous stories, which invites us to reflect on the formative and sensitizing role of the media, especially in a context marked by misinformation, digital noise, and the rapid growth of mental illness in the population.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and big data have impacted different professional sectors in our society. Communication and journalism are clearly among them. From the automatic generation of content to the identification of topics of interest or monitoring of users’ usage habits, AI introduces important training challenges for professionals in the field of communication. Meanwhile, big data analytics enables data journalists to handle large amounts of information in an automated manner, allowing them to perform in-depth analysis of disorganized data. This study analyzes the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data in the curricula of journalism degrees offered by Spanish universities. The research employs quantitative and qualitative methods to examine the typology, syllabus, and distribution of subjects directly or indirectly addressing AI and big data topics, based on indicators such as structure, credit system, objectives, competencies, and professional profiles. The results reveal a scarce integration of AI and Big Data subjects in journalism curricula in Spain. Among the analyzed courses, only seven addressed data journalism as a complete course, while 19 introduced AI and Big Data as part of more general content. The study highlights the need for journalism education to adapt to the disruptive impact of AI and big data on the profession. It discusses the debate between focusing on teaching technological skills versus providing critical and ethical values. The research aims to contribute to the discussion on the readiness of journalism curricula to cope with technological advancements by analyzing the Spanish case.

Youth is increasingly learning in non-conventional contexts, such as social networks or video platforms, courses, and tutorials. This research aims to diagnose the role of participatory culture, digital resources, social networks, and, specifically, YouTube, in learning processes and the acquisition of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) skills, specifically in mathematics, also analyzing the role of youtubers and, in contrast, teachers, both learning leaders in the formation of these skills. In order to accomplish this, mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative) were used, based on a survey applied to 4845 Italian adolescents, as well as a content analysis of the videos and YouTube channel of the Italian educational influencer Elia Bombardelli, one of the most followed and best rated in this country. Also, an in-depth interview has been applied to 12 Italian secondary school teachers. Among the main findings, it is highlighted that all adolescents value YouTube videos as a key resource to improve their school performance, rating youtubers better than teachers. However, it is remarkable that in the processes of learning and acquisition of STEM competencies, they prefer to interact with teachers rather than with youtubers.

The current media environment is complex and has important effects on all aspects of life, including beauty and health. In this sense, YouTube has become one of the main contexts for the dissemination of tutorials and content related to medical procedures such as the application of Botox. Thus, the present study constitutes the first exploratory analysis of YouTube videos in Spanish related to this procedure. A preliminary analysis of 221 YouTube videos yielded a final sample of the 50 most viewed videos within this genre. The analysis was carried out through a quantitative content analysis assessing the popularity of the videos, contact and emotive strategies by the creator, the credibility conveyed, and the characteristics of information about the procedure itself. Results suggest that these influencers align with mainstream Internet celebrity culture in practices that aim at increasing their following and views, as well as calls for subscriptions and visits to other platforms and profiles. Moreover, they include different strategies to establish their credibility but emphasize personal experience. The positive portrayal of the procedure, including positive emotions and content that highlights the benefits, is interesting and supports the commercial nature of much of the content.