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Dual-functioning displays, which can simultaneously transmit and receive information and energy through visible light, would enable enhanced user interfaces and device-to-device interactivity. We demonstrate that double heterojunctions designed into colloidal semiconductor nanorods allow both efficient photocurrent generation through a photovoltaic response and electroluminescence within a single device. These dual-functioning, all-solution-processed double-heterojunction nanorod light-responsive light-emitting diodes open feasible routes to a variety of advanced applications, from touchless interactive screens to energy harvesting and scavenging displays and massively parallel display-to-display data communication.

A young widow discovers that her late husband has left her 10 messages intended to help ease her pain and start a new life.

Accurate prediction of suicide risk among children and adolescents within an actionable time frame is an important but challenging task. Very few studies have comprehensively considered the clinical risk factors available to produce quantifiable risk scores for estimation of short- and long-term suicide risk for pediatric population. In this paper, we built machine learning models for predicting suicidal behavior among children and adolescents based on their longitudinal clinical records, and determining short- and long-term risk factors. This retrospective study used deidentified structured electronic health records (EHR) from the Connecticut Children’s Medical Center covering the period from 1 October 2011 to 30 September 2016. Clinical records of 41,721 young patients (10–18 years old) were included for analysis. Candidate predictors included demographics, diagnosis, laboratory tests, and medications. Different prediction windows ranging from 0 to 365 days were adopted. For each prediction window, candidate predictors were first screened by univariate statistical tests, and then a predictive model was built via a sequential forward feature selection procedure. We grouped the selected predictors and estimated their contributions to risk prediction at different prediction window lengths. The developed predictive models predicted suicidal behavior across all prediction windows with AUCs varying from 0.81 to 0.86. For all prediction windows, the models detected 53–62% of suicide-positive subjects with 90% specificity. The models performed better with shorter prediction windows and predictor importance varied across prediction windows, illustrating short- and long-term risks. Our findings demonstrated that routinely collected EHRs can be used to create accurate predictive models for suicide risk among children and adolescents.

Learn how to address racial wealth disparity in the United States today From the life, professional experiences, and research of former Harvard Business School professor Steven Rogers, comes his boldly stated, A Letter to My White Friends and Colleagues.

Suicide is a leading cause of death in the United States. In 2018, the Joint Commission recommended screening patients for suicide risk in healthcare settings. Universal screening may increase the safety of at-risk youth, but is challenging for many pediatric emergency departments. We examined the feasibility and outcomes associated with universal suicide risk screening using a combination of two screening tools in a pediatric emergency department. This retrospective cohort study examined 10–18 year old patients presenting to a large, urban pediatric emergency department between September 2019 and August 2021. Key variables included patient demographic information, suicide risk screening results, and subsequent suicide attempts. There were 30,328 encounters in the pediatric emergency department over this two-year period. Screening was completed 84.8% of the time. Of the 17,332 unique patients screened, 83.9% were at minimal suicide risk, 7.0% low risk, 2.1% moderate risk, and 7.0% high risk. In the 6 months following screening, low-risk patients returning to the emergency department were 7.1 times likely to have a suicide attempt than minimal-risk patients, moderate-risk patients were 9.8 times likely, and high-risk patients were 15.5 times likely. Universal screening in a pediatric emergency department is feasible and informative. The combined screening tool protocol appeared to enhance efficiency while maintaining clinical accuracy. Universal screening identified a substantial proportion of pediatric emergency department patients at risk of subsequent suicide attempts, with the likelihood of a subsequent attempt strongly linked to increasing risk levels identified by screening.

Virtual and augmented reality technology is becoming more commonly available within a plethora of environments in which we exist, including educational environments. With advances in technology, and more exposure to its capabilities, there is a greater expectations and reliance on it. However, much of the hardware (and some of the software) which makes this technology usable is expensive and inaccessible to many. This article introduces a method for capturing and providing cost-effective virtual reality experiences, used here as a tool to give students improved accessory data and context regarding geological lab samples. The method introduced utilises the Google Cardboard camera app and Google Cardboard viewers. The virtual reality environment created is a mini-immersive experience that could be provided to students, or collected by students for their own use. The article reports results from a study of 20 participants who answered a questionnaire outlining their experiences of implementing the method. They responded positively, highlighting the applicability of the method to the task, the ease of use of tool and the accessibility of technology. Image quality of the method was raised as an area for improvement.

Theories of electoral accountability predict that legislators will receive fewer votes if they fail to represent their districts. To determine whether this prediction applies to state legislators, I conduct two analyses that evaluate the extent to which voters sanction legislators who cast unpopular roll-call votes or provide poor ideological representation. Neither analysis, however, produces compelling evidence that elections hold most state legislators accountable. I discover that legislators do not face meaningful electoral consequences for their ideological representation, particularly in areas where legislators receive less media attention, have larger staffs, and represent more partisan districts. In a study of individual roll-call votes across 11 states, I furthermore find a weak relationship between legislators’ roll-call positions and election outcomes with voters rewarding or punishing legislators for only 4 of 30 examined roll calls. Thus, while state legislators wield considerable policymaking power, elections do not appear to hold many legislators accountable for their lawmaking.

The continuing revolutionary success of mobile computing and smart devices calls for the development of novel, cost- and energy-efficient memories. Resistive switching is attractive because of, inter alia, increased switching speed and device density. On electrical stimulus, complex nanoscale redox processes are suspected to induce a resistance change in memristive devices. Quantitative information about these processes, which has been experimentally inaccessible so far, is essential for further advances. Here we use in operando spectromicroscopy to verify that redox reactions drive the resistance change. A remarkable agreement between experimental quantification of the redox state and device simulation reveals that changes in donor concentration by a factor of 2–3 at electrode-oxide interfaces cause a modulation of the effective Schottky barrier and lead to >2 orders of magnitude change in device resistance. These findings allow realistic device simulations, opening a route to less empirical and more predictive design of future memory cells. Resistive switching in metal oxides is related to the migration of donor defects. Here Baeumer et al. use in operando X-ray spectromicroscopy to quantify the doping locally and show that small local variations in the donor concentration result in large variations in the device resistance.

Objective:Due to the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), it is not uncommon for patients to struggle with cognitive tasks involving figure copying. However, figure copying requires involvement from multiple other domains, including visuospatial and frontal-executive abilities. Less clear is whether figure copying performance, as measured by the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF), is more affected by visuospatial or frontal-executive compromise in patients with AD. This study aims to discover whether performance on the ROCF varies more with executive or visuospatial abilities in patients with AD.Participants and Methods:A total of 156 patients (79 women, M age = 77.82, M education = 14.21) diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD) participated in comprehensive neuropsychological assessment as part of outpatient neurology evaluations. In addition to the ROCF Copy trial, participants completed measures of visuospatial function (WAIS-IV Block Design & Picture Completion) and frontalexecutive functioning (Trails B, DKEFS Inhibition, WAIS-IV Similarities).Results:Canonical correlations revealed that ROCF Copy was significantly and positively related to the set of tests measuring visuospatial functioning, p < .001, and frontal-executive functioning, p < .001. Post-hoc bivariate correlations showed significant positive correlations between ROCF Copy and each visuospatial, ps < .01, and each frontalexecutive, ps < .04, measure. The relationship between ROCF Copy and each visuospatial measure was significantly stronger than the relationship between ROCF Copy and every frontal-executive measure except WAIS-IV Similarities, ps < .01. Those with visuospatial impairment (>1.5 SD) performed significantly worse on the ROCF Copy than those without impairment, p <.01. This difference persisted even when the effects of frontal-executive measures were controlled, p < .01. In contrast, those with frontal-executive impairment did not perform significantly worse on the ROCF Copy than those without frontal-executive impairment, p < .01. This did not change when controlling for the effects of visuospatial measures. Finally, the significant difference in ROCF Copy between those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and those with dementia (p < .01) disappeared when visuospatial measures were controlled, but it remained when frontal-executive measures were covariates, p < .03.Conclusions:These findings suggest the figure copying of those with AD is significantly related to both their visuospatial and frontal-executive functioning, but the relationship with visuospatial functioning is stronger. Impairment in visuospatial, but not frontal-executive, functions, seems to have a negative impact on the figure copying of those with AD, and performance on visuospatial compared to frontal-executive measures better accounts for the weaker ROCF Copy scores among those with dementia relative to MCI. Therefore, the pathological effects of AD on figure copying appear to occur predominantly through visuospatial rather than frontalexecutive channels, and interventions for offsetting decline in figure copying may be most effective when targeting visuospatial abilities, such as visual perception and visual construction.