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The Mexican long‐nosed bat (Leptonycteris nivalis) is a nectar‐feeding bat distributed seasonally between Mexico and the United States, and it has been declared an endangered species in both countries. Here, we describe for the first time the movement patterns and locations of foraging areas used by lactating females from the only known maternity roost in central Mexico. GPS loggers were placed on 29 lactating females, adhered to the interscapular area with short‐term surgical glue. We obtained movement tracks of at least one night for 21 different individuals. Movement patterns were identified using the first passage time segmentation method and classified into commutative and foraging flights. Bats made up to three trips on the same night, visiting between one and three foraging areas. On average, the total distance traveled was 61.72 km per night (minimum 23.11 km, maximum 160.55 km), and 37 foraging areas were identified, located between 13 and 40 km north of the roost, mainly in desert shrublands, followed by agricultural areas and temperate forests. In these places, they spent most of their time outside the roost (2.16 h mean ± 1.14 h SD), feeding on the resources available in an average area of 0.38 km2. Bats traveled long distances each night, using areas with abundant wild and human‐cultivated floral resources, reflecting the importance of integrating movement ecology for the design of conservation and habitat management strategies that ensure the availability of necessary resources for this species. RESUMEN El Murciélago Magueyero Mayor (Leptonycteris nivalis), es un murciélago nectarívoro que se distribuye estacionalmente entre México y Estados Unidos, la especie está declarada en peligro en ambos países. En este trabajo, describimos por primera vez los patrones de movimiento y las ubicaciones de las áreas de forrajeo de hembras lactantes en el único refugio de maternidad conocido en el centro de México. Se colocaron dispositivos GPS en 29 hembras lactantes, adheridos al área interescapular con pegamento quirúrgico de corta de duración. Se obtuvieron rutas de movimiento de al menos una noche para 21 individuos diferentes. Los patrones de movimiento se idenfiticaron utilizando el método de segmentación pasaje de primer tiempo y se clasificaron como vuelos conmutativos y de forrajeo. Los murciélagos realizaron hasta tres viajes en la misma noche y visitaron entre una a tres áreas de forrajeo. En promedio, la distancia total recorrida fue de 61.72 km por noche (mínimo 23.11 km, máximo 160.55 km). Se identificaron 37 áreas de forrajeo localizadas entre 13 y 40 km hacia el norte del refugio, principalmente en matorrales xerófilos, seguido de áreas agrícolas y bosques templados. En estos lugares, los murciélagos pasaron la mayor parte de su tiempo fuera del refugio (2.16 h mean ± 1.14 h SD), aliméntadose de los recursos disponibles en un área promedio de 0.38 km2. Los murciélagos recorren grandes distancias cada noche, utilizando áreas con abundantes recursos florales silvestres y cultivados, reflejando la importancia de integrar la ecología del movimiento en el diseño de estrategias de conservación y manejo de hábitat que aseguren la disponibilidad de los rercusos necesarios para la especie. We tracked 21 lactating females of a migratory and endangered nectar‐feeding bat using GPS devices, and analyzed their foraging movements in one of the most important maternity roosts for the conservation of the species. Bats foraged within 50 km from the roost, made up to three foraging trips on the same night, and visited multiple foraging grounds with an average area of 0.38 km2.

Functional diversity is the variability in the functional roles carried out by species within ecosystems. Changes in the environment can affect this component of biodiversity and can, in turn, affect different processes, including some ecosystem services. This study aimed to determine the effect of forest loss on species richness, abundance and functional diversity of Neotropical bats. To this end, we identified six landscapes with increasing loss of forest cover in the Huasteca region of the state of Hidalgo, Mexico. We captured bats in each landscape using mist nets, and calculated functional diversity indices (functional richness and functional evenness) along with species richness and abundance. We analyzed these measures in terms of percent forest cover. We captured 906 bats (Phyllostomidae and Mormoopidae), including 10 genera and 12 species. Species richness, abundance and functional richness per night are positively related with forest cover. Generalized linear models show that species richness, abundance and functional richness per night are significantly related with forest cover, while seasonality had an effect on abundance and functional richness. Neither forest cover nor season had a significant effect on functional evenness. All these findings were consistent across three spatial scales (1, 3 and 5 km radius around sampling sites). The decrease in species, abundance and functional richness of bats with forest loss may have implications for the ecological processes they carry out such as seed dispersal, pollination and insect predation, among others.

We documented the first record of jaguar (Panthera onca) in the state of Hidalgo, México. With this record, the gap in the distribution of jaguar between San Luis Potosí and northwestern Puebla is reduced. In July 2013, we found 2 tracks on a trail in a pine-oak forest, and in October, we photographed a jaguar in an oak forest. Both sites are located within the Parque Nacional Los Mármoles in Sierra Gorda of Hidalgo. These records represent the first evidence of the presence of jaguar in Hidalgo, which is among the few states where all 6 species of felids that inhabit México occur.

Quantifying differences in species composition among communities provides important information related to the distribution, conservation and management of biodiversity, especially when two components are recognized: dissimilarity due to turnover, and dissimilarity due to richness differences. The ecoregions in central Mexico, within the Mexican Transition Zone, have outstanding environmental heterogeneity and harbor huge biological richness, besides differences in the origin of the biota. Therefore, biodiversity studies in this area require the use of complementary measures to achieve appropriate information that may help in the design of conservation strategies. In this work we analyze the dissimilarity of terrestrial vertebrates, and the components of turnover and richness differences, among six ecoregions in the state of Hidalgo, central Mexico. We follow two approaches: one based on species level dissimilarity, and the second on taxonomic dissimilarity. We used databases from the project \"Biodiversity in the state of Hidalgo\". Our results indicate that species dissimilarity is higher than taxonomic dissimilarity, and that turnover contributes more than richness differences, both for species and taxonomic total dissimilarity. Moreover, total dissimilarity, turnover dissimilarity and the dissimilarity due to richness differences were positively related in the four vertebrate groups. Reptiles had the highest values of dissimilarity, followed by mammals, amphibians and birds. For reptiles, birds, and mammals, species turnover was the most important component, while richness differences had a higher contribution for amphibians. The highest values of dissimilarity occurred between environmentally contrasting ecoregions (i.e., tropical and temperate forests), which suggests that environmental heterogeneity and differences in the origin of biotas are key factors driving beta diversity of terrestrial vertebrates among ecoregions in this complex area.

We recorded for the first time the species Rhogeessa alleni in the state of Hidalgo, Mexico, and registered the third locality for Myotis californicus. The bats were caught between March 2010 and September 2012. Specimens were preserved in skin, skull, and parts of skeleton and were deposited at the Colección Mastozoológica of Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. We provide external and cranial measurements as well as information about reproductive condition and habitat of each specimen.

Bats have been considered efficient seed dispersers of columnar cactus (Isolatocereus dumortieri). However, to date, very little is known about the effect of seed ingestion by bats on seed germination. We carried out some germination assays for seeds of the cactus I. dumortieri obtained directly from fruits and fecal clumps of the endangered lesser long-nosed bat (Leptonycteris yerbabuenae) in a semiarid zone, within the Biosphere Reserve Barranca of Metztitlán in Central México. Additionally, we evaluated seed deposition patterns by bats. We found that 61.7% of the removed seeds were dispersed in fecal clumps, whereas the remaining seeds were spitted as single seeds. We also found that ingestion diminished seed germination by 65%. Under these conditions, seeds deposited individually around the mother plant may be of importance for local restoration and have the function of reforesting the locality, whereas ingested seeds can reach long distances and colonize new areas.

En este manuscrito se presenta el análisis de una amenaza por remoción de laderas mediante técnicas determinísticas y heurísticas a escala 1:5000, entre los km 21 a 23 de la vía Zanjón-Pueblo Bello, identificándose las unidades geológicas predominantes, analizadas geotécnicamente y determinándose los elementos geomorfológicos, complementados con estudios geofísicos con tomografías eléctrica de resistividad (TER), para obtener información de los diferentes tipos de suelos a profundidad por medio de datos de resistividad y búsqueda del nivel freático. Los materiales expuestos en las laderas por lo general son arena fina a gruesa (A-3) compuesta mineralógicamente de cuarzo y pequeñas cantidades de arcilla de tipo caolín, atribuidas a la alteración de los feldespatos de la facies cuarzomonzonita del Batolito de Pueblo Bello, que geotécnicamente exhibe una baja o nula plasticidad, favoreciendo la filtración de agua, la presión de poros y la poca resistencia al corte. Al incorporar los factores condicionantes y desencadenantes se obtuvo el mapa de amenaza por remoción en masa con predominios del 15 % del área con un grado de amenaza muy alta, un 60 % con grado alto, un 15 % con grado medio, un 5 % que cubren zonas con grado bajo y otro 5 % con grado muy bajo. Esto confirma que las fuertes pendientes de las laderas y la presencia de arcilla en el material causa principalmente una amenaza de alto grado, por su respuesta ante el contacto con el agua, generando desequilibrios, a tal punto de producir deslizamientos que afectarán a las comunidades allí asentadas.

El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar aquellas variables que determinan la acreditación de las carreras y programas de pedagogía de Educación Física impartidos en Chile. Empleando un modelo cuantitativo exploratorio, se analizaron las actas y resoluciones de acreditación de la totalidad de las carreras y programas acreditados en el país (27), lo que representa un 79% del total de programas de la disciplina que se imparten. Extrayendo datos e indicadores de 17 variables analizadas en los procesos evaluativos, se llevó a cabo un análisis de correlación de Spearman con el cual fue posible determinar que el cuerpo académico de jornada completa y la retención de tercer año constituyen dimensiones significativas (p<0,05) para determinar los años de acreditación alcanzados por estas carreras y programas. Los hallazgos obtenidos son coincidentes con distintas investigaciones en el ámbito educativo que destacan la importancia de la dotación y permanencia del cuerpo académico, junto con la retención del estudiantado como variables indicativas de calidad, el rendimiento y efectividad del proceso formativo.   Palabras claves: Aseguramiento de la calidad, Educación Física, Formación Inicial Docente, acreditación, estudios predictivos. Abstract. The objective of this research is to identify those variables that determine the accreditation of Physical Education pedagogy courses and programs taught in Chile. Using a cuantitative exploratory model, the accreditation minutes and resolutions of all the accredited courses and programs in the country (27) were analyzed, which represents 79% of the total programs of the discipline taught. Extracting data and indicators from 16 variables analyzed in the evaluation processes, a Spearman correlation analysis was carried out with which it was possible to determine that the full-time academic body and third-year retention constitute significant dimensions (p<0, 05) to determine the years of accreditation achieved by these careers and programs. The findings obtained are consistent with different research in the educational field that highlights the importance of the staffing and permanence of the academic staff, along with student retention as indicative variables of quality, performance and effectiveness of the training process. Palabras claves: Quality assurance, Physical Education, Initial Teacher Training, accreditation, predictive studies.   The objective of this research is to identify those variables that determine the accreditation of Physical Education pedagogy courses and programs taught in Chile. Using a cuantitative exploratory model, the accreditation minutes and resolutions of all the accredited courses and programs in the country (27) were analyzed, which represents 79% of the total programs of the discipline taught. Extracting data and indicators from 16 variables analyzed in the evaluation processes, a Spearman correlation analysis was carried out with which it was possible to determine that the full-time academic body and third-year retention constitute significant dimensions (p<0, 05) to determine the years of accreditation achieved by these careers and programs. The findings obtained are consistent with different research in the educational field that highlights the importance of the staffing and permanence of the academic staff, along with student retention as indicative variables of quality, performance and effectiveness of the training process. Palabras claves: Quality assurance, Physical Education, Initial Teacher Training, accreditation, predictive studies. O objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar as variáveis ​​que determinam a acreditação dos cursos e programas de pedagogia da Educação Física ministrados no Chile. Utilizando um modelo quantitativo exploratório, foram analisadas as atas e resoluções de credenciamento de todos os cursos e programas credenciados no país (27), o que representa 79% do total de programas da disciplina ministrados. Extraindo dados e indicadores de 17 variáveis ​​analisadas nos processos avaliativos, foi realizada uma análise de avaliação de Spearman com a qual foi possível determinar que o corpo acadêmico em tempo integral e a retenção no terceiro ano constituem dimensões significativas (p<0,05) para determinar os anos de acreditação alcançados por essas carreiras e programas. Os resultados obtidos são consistentes com diferentes pesquisas na área educacional que destacam a importância do quadro de pessoal e da permanência do corpo acadêmico, juntamente com a retenção de alunos como variáveis ​​indicativas de qualidade, desempenho e eficácia do processo de formação. Palavras-chave: Garantia de qualidade, Educação Física, Formação Inicial de Professores, acreditação, estudos preditivos.

Este documento presenta los resultados de un estudio que evaluó el impacto de los procesos de formación musical que se están adelantando en los colegios públicos de Bogotá dentro de la primera fase del proyecto de la alcaldía local ‘Jornada escolar 40 horas’. Un equipo interdisciplinar (música, educación y psicología) evaluó una población aproximada de 373 estudiantes pertenecientes a 29 colegios y obtuvo un diagnóstico del el desarrollo de los saberes musicales de los estudiantes; el impacto de los procesos formativos sobre dimensiones no musicales como autoconcepto, autoestima, empatía y motivación; la calidad y el alcance de las estrategias pedagógicas empleadas en las aulas de clase; la percepción sobre el proceso por parte de estudiantes, profesores, padres de familia y directivos de los colegios; el nivel de adecuación de la infraestructura y de los recursos materiales empleados. El producto final del proyecto es una batería de pruebas que permitirá continuar monitoreando a corto y mediano plazo los procesos de educación musical de este programa y su impacto sobre las dimensiones abordadas.