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"Rosello, Mireille"
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Multilingual Europe, multilingual Europeans
\"Multilingualism is a crucial if often unrecognized marker of new European identities. In this collection of essays, we observe how a plurilinguist and pluricultural political entity practices and theorizes multilingualism. We ask which types of multilingualism are defined, encouraged or discouraged at the level of official policies, but also at the level of communities. We look at speakers of hegemonic or minority languages, at travellers and long-term migrants or their children, and analyse how their conversations are represented in official documents, visual art, cinema, literature and popular culture. The volume is divided into two parts that focus respectively on \"Multilingual Europe\" and \"Multilingual Europeans.\" The first series of chapters explore the extent to which multilingualism is treated as both a challenge and an asset by the European Union, examine which factors contribute to the proliferation of languages: globalisation, the enlargement of the European Union and EU language policies. The second part of the volume concentrates on the ways in which cultural productions represent the linguistic practices of Europeans in a way that emphasizes the impossibility to separate language from culture, nationality, but also class, ethnicity or gender. The chapters suggest that each form of plurilingualism needs to be carefully analysed rather than celebrated or condemned\" --Back cover.
Book
Jeanne and Charles: Les Fleurs du Mal as “uncertain fables”
This article explores the constantly evolving status of “Jeanne Duval” within the various discourses that constitute French studies. Travelling back and forth between invisibility and hyper-visibility, legibility and opacity, at times relegated to the margins of Baudelaire’s poetry, and sometimes moving to the forefront of feminist and postcolonial literature, Jeanne Duval is an elusive subject and object. In this text, the two words Jeanne Duval will be considered as an interpreting machine that helps readers to reframe both the object of their interest or desire and the theoretical tools that Jeanne Duval, as a function, implicitly authorises or disallows. Depending on whether we wish to focus on Baudelaire’s poetry, the black female subject, the Black Venus or an eroticised muse, a different scene of address appears, that reveals our current understanding of French studies.
Journal Article
What's Queer about Europe?: Productive Encounters and Re-enchanting Paradigms
What's Queer about Europe? examines how queer theory helps us initiate disorienting conjunctions and counterintuitive encounters for imagining historical and contemporary Europe. This book queers Europe and Europeanizes queer, forcing a reconsideration of both. Its contributors study Europe relationally, asking not so much what Europe is but what we do when we attempt to define it. The topics discussed include: gay marriage in Renaissance Rome, Russian anarchism and gender politics in early-twentieth-century Switzerland, colonialism and sexuality in Italy, queer masculinities in European popular culture, queer national identities in French cinema, and gender theories and activism. What these apparently disparate topics have in common is the urgency of the political, legal, and cultural issues they tackle. Asking what is queer about Europe means probing the blind spots that continue to structure the long and discrepant process of Europeanization.
eBook
Jeanne and Charles: 'Les fleurs du Mal' as \uncertain fables\
This article explores the constantly evolving status of \"Jeanne Duval\" within the various discourses that constitute French studies. Travelling back and forth between invisibility and hyper-visibility, legibility and opacity, at times relegated to the margins of Baudelaire’s poetry, and sometimes moving to the forefront of feminist and postcolonial literature, Jeanne Duval is an elusive subject and object. In this text, the two words Jeanne Duval will be considered as an interpreting machine that helps readers to reframe both the object of their interest or desire and the theoretical tools that Jeanne Duval, as a function, implicitly authorises or disallows. Depending on whether we wish to focus on Baudelaire’s poetry, the black female subject, the Black Venus or an eroticised muse, a different scene of address appears, that reveals our current understanding of French studies.
Journal Article
Olivier Masset-Depasse's \Illégal\: How to Narrate Silence and Horror
[...]interview, the refugee as a storyteller is in administrative limbo between the supposedly performative nature of the refugee’s claim (a refugee is an identity predicted by the Geneva Convention; refugees cannot be “refoulés”--turned back [Farrier 154]) and the de facto situation of a Kafkaesque “waiting before the law” that the application procedure installs (Kafka 3-4). [...]horror is defined as the moment when the refugee is reduced to a body whose only relevant characteristic is that it is torturable. [...]horror cannot be turned into a horror movie because it happens all the time, in the absence of a clear plot, and also because it occurs in the absence of a witness. (Tyler) Richard Tyler scrutinizes the consequences of Semira’s death, and his account suggests that the authorities’ reaction is not primarily motivated by a desire to denounce violence: Since the death of the young Nigerian asylum-seeker Semira Adamu last year, the Belgian authorities have tried to make such forced expulsions less likely to raise public protest or encourage other refugees to resist their deportation.
Journal Article
Dissident or Conformist Passing: Merzak Allouache's \Chouchou\
Merzak Allouache’s 2003 Chouchou tells the story of a transidentified undocumented Algerian immigrant who has just arrived in Paris. Like Allouache’s other films, it invites the viewer to think about the articulation between culture and masculinity. More specifically, Chouchou presents us with unusually ambiguous narratives of passing and crossing-over that complicate the traditional French-Algerian postcolonial paradigm. To the extent that issues of gender and ethnicity are never separated, it is never clear whether Chouchou’s attempts to pass (as a woman or as a refugee) should or can be interpreted as moments of opposition or conformism. In Chouchou , cross-dressing both reiterates the norm and serves to highlight differences within masculinity and femininity as well as within ethnicity. This paper analyses the film’s contribution to the recent debate about how Western democracies use their definition of sexual freedom as a political weapon. Does Chouchou avoid the risk of reinforcing the stereotypical opposition between the homophobic native land and the xenophobic adopted country? Or how does Allouache’s double critique of Algerian and French inhospitality to sexual or national others succeed in opening up new spaces? Neither femininity nor France constitutes an ideal or idealized destination for a migrant who must constantly renegotiate his objectives. The process of constantly deferred arrival also redefines Algeria as a multiple site of origin: just as Chouchou does not become a (Western) woman, he was never simply an Algerian (man). Chouchou thus invites us to ascertain to what extent the relationship between cross dressing, dissidence and/or conformism changes in each specific context.
Journal Article
What's Queer about Europe?
What's Queer about Europe? examines how queer theory helps us initiate disorienting conjunctions and counterintuitive encounters for imagining historical and contemporary Europe. This book queers Europe and Europeanizes queer, forcing a reconsideration of both. Its contributors study Europe relationally, asking not so much what Europe is but what we do when we attempt to define it. The topics discussed include: gay marriage in Renaissance Rome, Russian anarchism and gender politics in early-twentieth-century Switzerland, colonialism and sexuality in Italy, queer masculinities in European popular culture, queer national identities in French cinema, and gender theories and activism. What these apparently disparate topics have in common is the urgency of the political, legal, and cultural issues they tackle. Asking what is queer about Europe means probing the blind spots that continue to structure the long and discrepant process of Europeanization.
eBook
\A Thousand Bamboo Fangs down My Throat\: Césaire's Cahier d'un retour au pays natal
Before Undertaking This Essay, I was Afraid That I had Nothing New to Say About Aimé Césaire's Work. I WAS RIGHT AND WRONG. What can I tell you that you have not heard a thousand times? That Césaire was born in Martinique in 1913? That he studied in Paris with Léopold Sédar Senghor? That his return to his island, just before World War II, is celebrated in Cahier d'un retour au pays natal (Notebook of a Return to My Native Land)? That he is one of the founders of negritude? Either you already know all this and much more about Césaire's work, or such facts and figures (i.e., stories that have produced an effect of truth) are so readily available to trained scholars that my intervention is pointless. Since the poet's death, in 2008, all the facets of his life and work are being reread and reexamined. The flow of information about them ranges from illuminating presentations (Scharfman; Irele; Smith) to the most sophisticated analyses of his literary and political work (Arnold, “Forty Years”; Eshleman; Brent; Wilder).
Journal Article
What's Queer about Europe?
Whats Queer about Europe? examines how queer theory helps us initiate disorienting conjunctions and counterintuitive encounters for imagining historical and contemporary Europe. This book queers Europe and Europeanizes queer, forcing a reconsideration of both. Its contributors study Europe relationally, asking not so much what Europe is but what we do when we attempt to define it.The topics discussed include: gay marriage in Renaissance Rome, Russian anarchism and gender politics in early-twentieth-century Switzerland, colonialism and sexuality in Italy, queer masculinities in European popular culture, queer national identities in French cinema, and gender theories and activism. What these apparently disparate topics have in common is the urgency of the political, legal, and cultural issues they tackle. Asking what is queer about Europe means probing the blind spots that continue to structure the long and discrepant process of Europeanization.
eBook
PLURILINGUAL EUROPEANS IN A MULTILINGUAL EUROPE: INCOMPLETE AND IMPERFECT COMMUNICATION TACTICS INTRODUCTION TO PART II
On the ground, the dream of a constellation of equal languages, all perfecdy translated and made readily accessible to their target audience turns into a messy but productive constellation that is made up of overlaps, discrepancies and incomplete forms of multilingualism that produce shifting power relationships between Europeans. Most Europeans will never master more than a few languages at a given time and no European is as multilingual as the European Union.3 The multiplicity of languages within the European Union does not call for the same type of thinking (how does a political entity function with 22 official languages?) as the issues raised by travellers (do business travellers alter the nature of the English language when they all speak it as non-natives), migrants or refugees (when does a language count as a language and who has the power to remain ignorant?), border-crossers or border-dwellers (what does it mean to be trilingual in a small territory?) or the children raised in a bi-lingual or tri-lingual environment (does the 'authenticity' of the language of origin trump social mobility when parents choose to transmit or not their own mother tongue?).
Journal Article