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Candy in action
Eighteen-year-old Candy relies on her considerable Kung fu skills, quick wit, and good friends in a dangerous around-the-world adventure when a spurned suitor begins to stalk her every move.
Book
Elimination of large tumors in mice by mRNA-encoded bispecific antibodies
Bispecific antibodies that connect T cells with tumor cells can be delivered in the form of
in vitro
–transcribed pharmacologically optimized mRNA; when injected into mice, these mRNA-encoded antibodies reject large established tumors as efficiently as the corresponding recombinant antibody protein.
The potential of bispecific T cell–engaging antibodies is hindered by manufacturing challenges and short serum half-life. We circumvented these limitations by treating mice with
in vitro
–transcribed pharmacologically optimized, nucleoside-modified mRNA encoding the antibody. We achieved sustained endogenous synthesis of the antibody, which eliminated advanced tumors as effectively as the corresponding purified bispecific antibody. Because manufacturing of pharmaceutical mRNA is fast, this approach could accelerate the clinical development of novel bispecific antibodies.
Journal Article
Vegan is love : having heart and taking action
Outlines what can be done to protect animals and the environment by making such decisions as refusing products tested on or made from animals, avoiding aquariums and zoos, and choosing to buy organic food.
Book
Long-term stress in dogs is related to the human–dog relationship and personality traits
Previously, we found that dogs belonging to the herding breed group, selected for human cooperation, synchronise their long-term stress levels with their owners. The aim of the current study was to investigate features that could influence long-term stress levels in ancient dog breeds, genetically closer to wolves, and dogs specifically selected to work independently of their owner. Twenty-four ancient breed dogs and 18 solitary hunting dogs were recruited and hair samples were obtained from both dogs and owners from which hair cortisol concentration (HCC) was analysed. Additionally, the owners completed lifestyle surveys, the Monash Dog Owner Relationship Scale (MDORS) on human–dog relationship, and both dog and owner personality questionnaires (Dog Personality questionnaire and Big Five Inventory survey). The results from the MDORS indicate that the subscale
Perceived cost
correlated to the dog HCC of tested breed groups: solitary hunting breeds (χ
2
= 4.95, P = 0.026, β = 0.055), ancient breeds (χ
2
= 2.74, P = 0.098, β = 0.027), and herding dogs included from a previous study (χ
2
= 6.82, P = 0.009, β = − 0.061). The HCC of the solitary hunting dogs was also related to the owner personality traits
Agreeableness
(χ
2
= 12.30, P < 0.001, β = − 0.060) and
Openness
(χ
2
= 9.56, P = 0.002, β = 0.048) suggesting a more substantial influence of the owner on the solitary hunting dog’s HCC compared to the ancient breeds. No effect of owner HCC on dog HCC was found in either ancient or in solitary hunting breeds. Hence, the long-term stress synchronisation is likely to be a trait in breeds selected for human cooperation. In conclusion, dog HCC is often related to the owners’ personality, but is primarily influenced by the owner-dog relationship.
Journal Article
Do genetic ancestry tests increase racial essentialism? Findings from a randomized controlled trial
Genetic ancestry testing is a billion-dollar industry, with more than 26 million tests sold by 2018, which raises concerns over how it might influence test-takers' understandings of race. While social scientists argue that genetic ancestry tests may promote an essentialist view of race as fixed and determining innate abilities, others suggest it could reduce essentialist views by reinforcing a view of race as socially constructed. Essentialist views are a concern because of their association with racism, particularly in its most extreme forms. Here we report the first randomized controlled trial of genetic ancestry testing conducted to examine potential causal relationships between taking the tests and essentialist views of race. Native-born White Americans were randomly assigned to receive Admixture and mtDNA tests or no tests. While we find no significant average effect of genetic ancestry testing on essentialism, secondary analyses reveal that the impact of these tests on racial essentialism varies by type of genetic knowledge. Within the treatment arm, essentialist beliefs significantly declined after testing among individuals with high genetic knowledge, but increased among those with the least genetic knowledge. Additional secondary analysis show that essentialist beliefs do not change based on the specific ancestries reported in test-takers' results. These results indicate that individuals' interpretations of genetic ancestry testing results, and the links between genes and race, may depend on their understanding of genetics.
Journal Article
V is for vegan : the ABCs of being kind
\"Introducing three-to-five-year-olds to the \"ABCs\" of a vegan lifestyle, V Is for Vegan is a must-have for vegan and vegetarian parents! Acclaimed author and artist Ruby Roth (That's Why We Don't Eat Animals, Vegan Is Love) brings her characteristic insight, compassion, and good humor to a younger audience, presenting the often-controversial and challenging subjects of animal rights and the vegan diet in an easy-to-understand and teachable format. Roth introduces little herbivores to the major vegan food groups (beans, grains, nuts, vegetables, and fruits) as well as the ways we can protect animals and the environment. Colorful, upbeat, and fun, V Is for Vegan helps boost the confidence of vegan children about to enter school and helps parents explain their ethical worldview in a way their young children will grasp\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Marketplaces, Markets, and Market Design
Marketplaces are often small parts of large markets, and both markets and marketplaces come in many varieties. Market design seeks to understand what marketplaces must accomplish to enable different kinds of markets. Marketplaces can have varying degrees of success, and there can be marketplace failures. I’ll discuss labor markets like the market for new economists, and also markets for new lawyers and doctors that have suffered from the unraveling of appointment dates to well before employment begins. Markets work best if they enjoy social support, but some markets are repugnant in the sense that some people think they should be banned, even though others want to participate in them. Laws banning such markets often contribute to the design of illegal black markets, and this raises new issues for market designers. I’ll briefly discuss markets and black markets for narcotics, marijuana, sex, and surrogacy, and the design of markets for kidney transplants, in the face of widespread laws against (and broader repugnance for) compensating organ donors. I conclude with open questions and engineering challenges.
Journal Article
The humbling
Everything is over for Simon Axler. One of the leading American stage actors of his generation, now in his 60s, Axler has lost his magic, his talent, and his assurance.
Book
Long-term stress levels are synchronized in dogs and their owners
This study reveals, for the first time, an interspecific synchronization in long-term stress levels. Previously, acute stress, has been shown to be highly contagious both among humans and between individuals of other species. Here, long-term stress synchronization in dogs and their owners was investigated. We studied 58 dog-human dyads and analyzed their hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) at two separate occasions, reflecting levels during previous summer and winter months. The personality traits of both dogs and their owners were determined through owner-completed Dog Personality Questionnaire (DPQ) and human Big Five Inventory (BFI) surveys. In addition, the dogs’ activity levels were continuously monitored with a remote cloud-based activity collar for one week. Shetland sheepdogs (N = 33) and border collies (N = 25), balanced for sex, participated, and both pet dogs and actively competing dogs (agility and obedience) were included to represent different lifestyles. The results showed significant interspecies correlations in long-term stress where human HCC from both summer and winter samplings correlated strongly with dog HCC (summer: N = 57, χ
2
= 23.697, P < 0.001, β = 0.235; winter: N = 55, χ
2
= 13.796, P < 0.001, β = 0.027). Interestingly, the dogs’ activity levels did not affect HCC, nor did the amount of training sessions per week, showing that the HCC levels were not related to general physical activity. Additionally, there was a seasonal effect in HCC. However, although dogs’ personalities had little effects on their HCC, the human personality traits neuroticism, conscientiousness, and openness significantly affected dog HCC. Hence, we suggest that dogs, to a great extent, mirror the stress level of their owners.
Journal Article