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Abstract The pseudorapidity distribution of charged hadrons produced in Au+Au collisions at a center-of-mass energy of s NN$$ \\sqrt{{\\textrm{s}}_{\\textrm{NN}}} $$= 200 GeV is measured using data collected by the sPHENIX detector. Charged hadron yields are extracted by counting cluster pairs in the inner and outer layers of the Intermediate Silicon Tracker, with corrections applied for detector acceptance, reconstruction efficiency, combinatorial pairs, and contributions from secondary decays. The measured distributions cover |η| < 1.1 across various centralities, and the average pseudorapidity density of charged hadrons at mid-rapidity is compared to predictions from Monte Carlo heavy-ion event generators. This result, featuring full azimuthal coverage at mid-rapidity, is consistent with previous experimental measurements at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, thereby supporting the broader sPHENIX physics program.

Hot QCD physics studies the nuclear strong force under extreme temperature and densities. Experimentally these conditions are achieved via high-energy collisions of heavy ions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In the past decade, a unique and substantial suite of data was collected at RHIC and the LHC, probing hydrodynamics at the nucleon scale, the temperature dependence of the transport properties of quark-gluon plasma, the phase diagram of nuclear matter, the interaction of quarks and gluons at different scales and much more. This document, as part of the 2023 nuclear science long range planning process, was written to review the progress in hot QCD since the 2015 Long Range Plan for Nuclear Science, as well as highlight the realization of previous recommendations, and present opportunities for the next decade, building on the accomplishments and investments made in theoretical developments and the construction of new detectors. Furthermore, this document provides additional context to support the recommendations voted on at the Joint Hot and Cold QCD Town Hall Meeting, which are reported in a separate document.

GENERAL MERRITT arrived at Cavite in the Newport on the afternoon of July 25, and after examining the ground the following day, promptly decided two points: first, that the attack would be made along the shore; and, second, that it was necessary to get the insurgents off to one side, so as to give us the right of way...

ADMIRAL DEWEY'S orders were to proceed to the Philippines and \"capture or destroy Spanish fleet.\" These orders were carried out to the letter. Every vessel in the Spanish fleet was destroyed. It is to be hoped that Admiral Dewey will tell in his own language the story of this naval engagement, which...

We are carrying out a study of the forward neutral energy and its correlation with produced transverse energy in collisions of 28Si ions of momentum 14.6A GeV/c with targets of Al, Cu, and Pb, investigated by Experiment 814 at the Brookhaven AGS. We find that the forward neutral energy En has a strong dependence on transverse energy ET produced in the collision, resulting in a nearly linear dependence of mean transverse energy on forward neutral energy over a wide range of event centrality. An efficient parametrization of this data set is accomplished through the use of a statistical model which relates the number of spectators in the collision to the number of neutrons detected in the forward direction.

We present results of a search for strange quark matter (strangelets) in 11.5 A GeV/c Au+Pb collisions from the 1994 and 1995 runs of experiment E864 at Brookhaven's AGS. We observe no strangelet candidates and set a 90% confidence level upper limit of approximately 3x10**-8 per 10% central interaction for the production of |Z|=1 and |Z|=2 strangelets over a large mass range and with metastable lifetimes of about 50 ns or more. These results place constraints primarily on quark-gluon plasma based production models for strangelets.

Preventing Catheter-Associated UTI in Acute Care In this study of an educational program to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infection, implemented in more than 10% of U.S. acute care hospitals, both catheter use and catheter-associated UTI rates were significantly decreased in the non-ICU setting. Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common device-associated infection in the United States 1 and one of the most common health care–associated infections worldwide. 2 Up to 69% of catheter-associated UTIs are considered to be avoidable, provided that recommended infection-prevention practices are implemented. 3 Guidelines for the prevention of catheter-associated UTIs recommend appropriate use, aseptic insertion, proper maintenance, and timely removal of indwelling urinary catheters, as well as use of established practices such as hand hygiene. 4 – 6 In addition to these technical aspects of prevention, there has been a focus on the roles that changes in behavior and culture (the socioadaptive component . . .

The James Webb Space Telescope is revealing a new population of dust-reddened broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGN) at redshifts z ≳ 5. Here we present deep NIRSpec/Prism spectroscopy from the Cycle 1 Treasury program Ultradeep NIRSpec and NIRCam ObserVations before the Epoch of Reionization (UNCOVER) of 15 AGN candidates selected to be compact, with red continua in the rest-frame optical but with blue slopes in the UV. From NIRCam photometry alone, they could have been dominated by dusty star formation or an AGN. Here we show that the majority of the compact red sources in UNCOVER are dust-reddened AGN: 60% show definitive evidence for broad-line Hα with a FWHM > 2000 km s −1, 20% of the current data are inconclusive, and 20% are brown dwarf stars. We propose an updated photometric criterion to select red z > 5 AGN that excludes brown dwarfs and is expected to yield >80% AGN. Remarkably, among all z phot > 5 galaxies with F277W – F444W > 1 in UNCOVER at least 33% are AGN regardless of compactness, climbing to at least 80% AGN for sources with F277W – F444W > 1.6. The confirmed AGN have black hole masses of 107–109 M ⊙. While their UV luminosities (−16 > M UV > −20 AB mag) are low compared to UV-selected AGN at these epochs, consistent with percent-level scattered AGN light or low levels of unobscured star formation, the inferred bolometric luminosities are typical of 107–109 M ⊙ black holes radiating at ∼10%–40% the Eddington limit. The number densities are surprisingly high at ∼10−5 Mpc−3 mag−1, 100 times more common than the faintest UV-selected quasars, while accounting for ∼1% of the UV-selected galaxies. While their UV faintness suggests they may not contribute strongly to reionization, their ubiquity poses challenges to models of black hole growth.

In this trial, patients with CKD (with or without type 2 diabetes) were randomly assigned to receive dapagliflozin or placebo. The primary composite outcome — a sustained decline in the estimated GFR of at least 50%, end-stage kidney disease, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes — was less frequent with dapagliflozin.

Early JWST observations have uncovered a population of red sources that might represent a previously overlooked phase of supermassive black hole growth 1 – 3 . One of the most intriguing examples is an extremely red, point-like object that was found to be triply imaged by the strong lensing cluster Abell 2744 (ref.  4 ). Here we present deep JWST/NIRSpec observations of this object, Abell2744-QSO1. The spectroscopy confirms that the three images are of the same object, and that it is a highly reddened ( A V  ≃ 3) broad emission line active galactic nucleus at a redshift of z spec  = 7.0451 ± 0.0005. From the width of Hβ (full width at half-maximum = 2,800 ± 250 km s −1 ), we derive a black hole mass of M BH = 4 − 1 + 2 × 1 0 7 M ⊙ . We infer a very high ratio of black-hole-to-galaxy mass of at least 3%, an order of magnitude more than that seen in local galaxies 5 and possibly as high as 100%. The lack of strong metal lines in the spectrum together with the high bolometric luminosity ( L bol  = (1.1 ± 0.3) × 10 45  erg s −1 ) indicate that we are seeing the black hole in a phase of rapid growth, accreting at 30% of the Eddington limit. The rapid growth and high black-hole-to-galaxy mass ratio of Abell2744-QSO1 suggest that it may represent the missing link between black hole seeds 6 and one of the first luminous quasars 7 . JWST/NIRSpec observations of Abell2744-QSO1 show a high black-hole-to-host mass ratio in the early Universe, which indicates that we are seeing the black hole in a phase of rapid growth, accreting at 30% of the Eddington limit.