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Increasing evidence have elucidated that PBX3 played a crucial role in cancer initiation and progression. PBX3 was differentially expressed in many cancer types. However, PBX3 potential involvement in gliomas remains to be explored. The expression level of PBX3 in glioma tissues and glioma cells, and its correlation with clinical features were analyzed by data from TCGA, GEPIA, CGGA and CCLE. Univariable survival and Multivariate Cox analysis was used to compare several clinical characteristics with survival. We also analyzed the correlation between PBX3 expression level and survival outcome and survival time of LGG and GBM patients by using linear regression equation. GSEA was used to generate an ordered list of all genes related to PBX3 expression and screening of genes co-expressed with PBX3 mRNA by \"limma\" package. The results showed that PBX3 was highly expressed in gliomas and its expression increased with the increase of malignancy. Survival analysis found that PBX3 is more valuable in predicting the OS and PFI of LGG patients than that of GBM. For further study, TCGA and CGGA data were downloaded for univariate Cox analysis and multivariate Cox analysis which showed that the expression of PBX3 was independent influencing factors for poor prognosis of LGG patients. Meanwhile, Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that PBX3 was a predictor of overall survival rate and progression-free survival rate of LGG. Linear regression model analysis indicated that the higher expression of PBX3 the higher the risk of death of LGG patients, and the higher expression of PBX3 the higher the risk of disease progression of LGG patients. Next, TCGA data were downloaded for GSEA and Co-expression analyses, which was performed to study the function of PBX3. PBX3 may be involved in the occurrence and development of glioma, and has potential reference value for the early diagnosis and prediction of prognosis of glioma.

Background MiR-320 is downregulated in multiple cancers, including glioma and acts as tumor suppressor through inhibiting tumor cells proliferation and inducing apoptosis. PBX3 (Pre-B cell leukemia homeobox 3), a putative target gene of miR-320, has been reported to be upregulated in various tumors and promote tumor cell growth through regulating MAKP/ERK pathway. This study aimed to verify whether miR-320 influences glioma cells growth through regulating PBX3. Methods Twenty-four human glioma and paired adjacent nontumorous tissues were collected for determination of miR-320 and PBX3 expression using RT-qPCR and western blot assays. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the interaction between miR-320 and its targeting sequence in the 3′ UTR of PBX3 in glioma cells U87 and U251. Increased miR-320 level in U87 and U251 cells was achieved through miR-320 mimic transfection and the effect of which on glioma cells growth, proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and activation of Raf-1/MAPK pathway was determined using MTT, colony formation, flow cytometry and western blot assays. PBX3 knockdown was performed using shPBX3 and the influence on MAPK pathway activation was evaluated. Results MiR-320 downregulation and PBX3 upregulation was found in glioma tissues. Luciferase reporter assays identified miR-320 directly blinds to the 3′ UTR of PBX3 in glioma cells. MiR-320 mimic transfection suppressed glioma cells proliferation, and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Both miR-320 overexpression and PBX3 knockdown inhibited Raf-1/MAPK activation. Conclusion MiR-320 may suppress glioma cells growth and induced apoptosis through the PBX3/Raf-1/MAPK axis, and miR-320 oligonucleotides may be a potential cancer therapeutic for glioma.

Immune inhibitory receptors play an important role in organ transplantation, autoimmune diseases and cancers. Immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT)2 and ILT3 belong to the inhibitory receptors of the ILT family, which have been reported to regulate a broad range of cellular functions involved in the immune response. They contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs), which are related to immune regulation. Although ILT receptors have been studied in dendritic cells (DCs), T cells, NK cells and other cell types, the expression and clinical significance of ILT2 and ILT3 in gastric cancer have yet to be elucidated. Here, the expression of ILT2 and ILT3 in gastric cancer cell lines and pathologic tissues, as well as their effects on the cytotoxicity of NK92MI against the gastric cancer cell lines MKNI with ILT2lowILT3low and HGC-27 with ILT2highILT3high were detected. The results suggest that ILT2 and ILT3 are expressed with diverse degrees in gastric cancer cells and tissues, and the expression of ILT2 is related with differentiation and size of tumors. Furthermore, the cytotoxic activity of NK92MI against the MKNI cell line was stronger than that against HGC-27. This study indicates that ILT2 and ILT3 play a key role in gastric cancer immune escape, and ILT2 may be a new target in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.

BackgroundIncreasing evidence have elucidated that PBX3 played a crucial role in cancer initiation and progression. PBX3 was differentially expressed in many cancer types. However, PBX3 potential involvement in gliomas remains to be explored.MethodsThe expression level of PBX3 in glioma tissues and glioma cells, and its correlation with clinical features were analyzed by data from TCGA, GEPIA, CGGA and CCLE. Univariable survival and Multivariate Cox analysis was used to compare several clinical characteristics with survival. We also analyzed the correlation between PBX3 expression level and survival outcome and survival time of LGG and GBM patients by using linear regression equation. GSEA was used to generate an ordered list of all genes related to PBX3 expression and screening of genes co-expressed with PBX3 mRNA by \"limma\" package.ResultsThe results showed that PBX3 was highly expressed in gliomas and its expression increased with the increase of malignancy. Survival analysis found that PBX3 is more valuable in predicting the OS and PFI of LGG patients than that of GBM. For further study, TCGA and CGGA data were downloaded for univariate Cox analysis and multivariate Cox analysis which showed that the expression of PBX3 was independent influencing factors for poor prognosis of LGG patients. Meanwhile, Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that PBX3 was a predictor of overall survival rate and progression-free survival rate of LGG. Linear regression model analysis indicated that the higher expression of PBX3 the higher the risk of death of LGG patients, and the higher expression of PBX3 the higher the risk of disease progression of LGG patients. Next, TCGA data were downloaded for GSEA and Co-expression analyses, which was performed to study the function of PBX3.ConclusionPBX3 may be involved in the occurrence and development of glioma, and has potential reference value for the early diagnosis and prediction of prognosis of glioma.

The hybrid power source needs to achieve the excellent power distribution control to enhance the vehicle performance, the optimization algorithm can automatically seek the optimal target according to vehicle requirements to achieve the best power distribution of hybrid power source. Power consumption is one of the core indicators for evaluating power distribution control of hybrid power source, as well as the current fluctuation of battery is an important factor that affects its power consumption and cycle life. Taking the fully-active hybrid power source configuration as the application object, a differential evolution algorithm with fast convergence speed and strong global search ability to achieve real-time power distribution control with multiple optimization goals is introduced by fully considering two important parameters of power consumption and battery current fluctuation, the power consumption model for the hybrid power source is established, the functional relationship between the power consumption of hybrid power source, current change of battery and its output current is given. In this algorithm, the minimum power consumption of the hybrid power source and the minimum change rate of the battery output current are selected as the optimization goals, the weight coefficients of the two optimization goals are assigned to seek the influence relationship between the two optimization goals. The empirical results from a simulation verify effectiveness and reliability of the designed scheme. The research results provide a reference for controlling the power distribution and optimizing the hybrid power source of electric vehicle. 混合电源需实现卓越的功率分配控制以提升车辆性能, 而优化算法可根据车辆需求自动地寻求既定目标的最优解, 以实现混合电源的最佳功率分配。功耗是评价功率分配控制的核心指标, 蓄电池的电流变化率是影响其功耗和寿命的重要因素。以全主动配置的混合电源拓扑结构为应用对象, 引入一种新颖的具有收敛速度快且全局搜索能力强的差分进化算法以实现多优化目标的实时功率分配控制；充分考虑功耗和蓄电池的电流变化率2个重要参数, 建立了混合电源的功耗模型, 给出了混合电源的功耗、蓄电池输出电流与蓄电池电流变化率之间的函数关系；以混合电源的功耗最小以及蓄电池输出电流变化率最小为优化目标, 赋予2个优化目标权重系数, 以寻求2个优化目标之间的影响关系。仿真实例结果验证了所设计方案的有效性和可靠性。研究结果为电动汽车混合电源功率分配控制及优化提供参考。

The hybrid power source needs to achieve the excellent power distribution control to enhance the vehicle performance, the optimization algorithm can automatically seek the optimal target according to vehicle requirements to achieve the best power distribution of hybrid power source. Power consumption is one of the core indicators for evaluating power distribution control of hybrid power source, as well as the current fluctuation of battery is an important factor that affects its power consumption and cycle life. Taking the fully-active hybrid power source configuration as the application object, a differential evolution algorithm with fast convergence speed and strong global search ability to achieve real-time power distribution control with multiple optimization goals is introduced by fully considering two important parameters of power consumption and battery current fluctuation, the power consumption model for the hybrid power source is established, the functional relationship between the power consumption