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39 result(s) for "STEHBERG, RUBÉN"
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El Camino del Inca en el salar de Ascotán
This paper describes a 24 km subsection of the Inca Trail.  Located in the eastern part of the Salar de Ascotán (salt flat) in the mountains along the Chile-Bolivia border, the route is quite straight and free of major obstacles, making it possible for a llama caravan to travel in a single day.  This subsection has been subdivided into three segments of 578 m, 4,847 m and 18,613 m, according to their placement relative to the architectural facilities at Chac-Inga (UTM 589790N7590546E; 3731 m) and Tres Ojos de Agua de Ascotán (UTM578508N -7611392E; 4242 m), both of which appear to have been roadside tambos (inns) from the Tawantinsuyu period.  Studies recorded the architectural features of the route, identifying its axis, the roadway, roadside architecture and the associated sites and elements.  Landscape-geographic analysis focused on the visibility of the road and its interaction with the local and regional population.  Researchers also examined the processes of continuity and change experienced by the road over time.  Finally, this paper describes the Ruinas de una antigua posada (Ruins of an old roadside inn) site, possibly of Inca origin, and the Incan ceremonial structure at 5,200 m altitude on Cerro El Jardín or Ascotán. Se da a conocer un subtramo del Camino del Inca de 24km de extensión en el sector oriental del salar de Ascotán, en la cordillera limítrofe entre Chile y Bolivia. El trazado es bastante recto, sin mayores obstáculos, por lo cual una caravana de llamas pudo recorrerla en una jornada. Se lo ha subdividido en tres segmentos de 578m, 4.847m y 18.613m respectivamente, con asociación directa a las instalaciones arquitectónicas de Chac-Inga (UTM 589790N-7590546E; 4260msnm) y Tres Ojos de Agua de Ascotán (UTM578508N -7611392; 4242msnm). Se postula que ambas instalaciones fueron tambos o posadas camineras del período Tawantinsuyu. Los estudios llevados a cabo permitieron registrar los componentes arquitectónicos del camino, identificando su eje, su calzada, la arquitectura del borde y los sitios y elementos asociados. Se efectuó un análisis geográfico-paisajístico centrado en la visibilidad del camino y la interacción con la población local y regional. Asimismo, se indagó en los procesos de continuidad y cambio que experimentó la vía a través del tiempo. Finalmente, se da a conocer el sitio “Ruinas de una antigua posada”, posiblemente de origen incaico y la estructura ceremonial inca de cerro El Jardín o Ascotán, a 5200m de altitud.   
PLATAFORMA CEREMONIAL USHNU INCA DE CHENA, VALLE DEL MAIPO, CHILE
Se presentan los resultados obtenidos en las excavaciones arqueológicas de un sector con estructuras monticulares emplazadas en el extremo SE de la plaza intramuros del pucará de Chena, a 638 msm. El objetivo es identificar el origen y función de esta insta- lación y someter a contrastación una hipótesis planteada por distintos investigadores, respecto de que en dicho lugar la ocupación Tawantinsuyu (Inca) emplazó un sitio ceremonial importante. Los trabajos de campo permitieron descubrir los restos de la estructura interna de roca y tierra de una plataforma arquitectónica de forma cuadrangular de 6,5 x 6,5 m y 0,70 m de altura, aproximadamente, con una rampa posterior del mismo material y evidencias de un agujero central. Entre los restos muebles recuperados destacaron piedras rodadas pequeñas, seis bolones grandes, restos de toba y azufre y fragmentos de camélidos, malacológicos y cerámicos, todos del período incaico. Estos últimos fueron fechados por termoluminiscencia proporcionando dos dataciones coherentes: 1490 y 1505 d.C. Los restos encontrados guardaron similitud con hallazgos encontrados en ushnus con plataforma ceremonial existentes en las principales plazas y centros administrativos a lo largo del Tawantinsuyu, lo cual apoya la hipótesis que los restos de Chena correspondieron a una instalación de este tipo. Se constituyó así en la plataforma ushnu conocida más austral del estado inca.
PLATAFORMA CEREMONIAL USHNU INCA DE CHENA, VALLE DEL MAIPO, CHILE / THE INCA USHNU CEREMONIAL PLATFORM OF CHENA, MAIPO VALLEY, CHILE
Se presentan los resultados obtenidos en las excavaciones arqueológicas de un sector con estructuras monticulares emplazadas en el extremo SE de la plaza intramuros del pucará de Chena, a 638 msm. El objetivo es identificar el origen y función de esta instalación y someter a contrastación una hipótesis planteada por distintos investigadores, respecto de que en dicho lugar la ocupación Tawantinsuyu (Inca) emplazó un sitio ceremonial importante. Los trabajos de campo permitieron descubrir los restos de la estructura interna de roca y tierra de una plataforma arquitectónica de forma cuadrangular de 6,5 × 6,5 m y 0,70 m de altura, aproximadamente, con una rampa posterior del mismo material y evidencias de un agujero central. Entre los restos muebles recuperados destacaron piedras rodadas pequeñas, seis bolones grandes, restos de toba y azufre y fragmentos de camélidos, malacológicos y cerámicos, todos del período incaico. Estos últimos fueron fechados por termoluminiscencia proporcionando dos dataciones coherentes: 1490 y 1505 d.C. Los restos encontrados guardaron similitud con hallazgos encontrados en ushnus con plataforma ceremonial existentes en las principales plazas y centros administrativos a lo largo del Tawantinsuyu, lo cual apoya la hipótesis que los restos de Chena correspondieron a una instalación de este tipo. Se constituyó así en la plataforma ushnu conocida más austral del estado inca. The results of the archaeological excavations of a sector with mound structures located on the SE edge of the square intramural Chena Pucara are presented. The aim is to identify the origin and function of this facility and submit contrasting hypotheses raised by various researchers mentioning that in this place the Tawantinsuyu (Inca) established an important ceremonial site (ushnu). Fieldwork have uncovered the remains of the internal structure of rock and dirt of an architectural quadrilateral platform of 6.5 x 6.5 m and 0.70 m in height approximately, a rear ramp, the same material and evidence of a central hole. Among the remains recovered were small loose rocks, six large boulders, remains of tufa and sulfur and fragments of camel, malacological and ceramics, all of the Inca period. The latter were dated by thermoluminescence providing two coherent dating: 1490 and 1505 AD. The remains proved to be similar to findings in ushnus with existing ceremonial platform in the main squares and administrative centers along the Tawantinsuyu, which supported the hypothesis that the remains of Chena corresponded to a facility of this type. It became the southernmost platform of the Tawantinsuyu.
El Camino del Inca en el salar de Ascotán
Se da a conocer un subtramo del Camino del Inca de 24km de extensión en el sector oriental del salar de Ascotán, en la cordillera limítrofe entre Chile y Bolivia. El trazado es bastante recto, sin mayores obstáculos, por lo cual una caravana de llamas pudo recorrerla en una jornada. Se lo ha subdividido en tres segmentos de 578m, 4.847m y 18.613m respectivamente, con asociación directa a las instalaciones arquitectónicas de Chac-Inga (UTM 589790N-7590546E; 4260msnm) y Tres Ojos de Agua de Ascotán UTM578508N - 7611392; 4242msnm). Se postula que ambas instalaciones fueron tambos o posadas camineras del período Tawantinsuyu. Los estudios llevados a cabo permitieron registrar los componentes arquitectónicos del camino, identificando su eje, su calzada, la arquitectura del borde y los sitios y elementos asociados. Se efectuó un análisis geográfico-paisajístico centrado en la visibilidad del camino y la interacción con la población local y regional. Asimismo, se indagó en los procesos de continuidad y cambio que experimentó la vía a través del tiempo. Finalmente, se da a conocer el sitio “Ruinas de una antigua posada”, posiblemente de origen incaico y la estructura ceremonial inca de cerro El Jardín o Ascotán, a 5200m de altitud. This paper describes a 24 km subsection of the Inca Trail. Located in the eastern part of the Salar de Ascotán (salt flat) in the mountains along the Chile-Bolivia border, the route is quite straight and free of major obstacles, making it possible for a llama caravan to travel in a single day. This subsection has been subdivided into three segments of 578 m, 4,847 m and 18,613 m, according to their placement relative to the architectural facilities at Chac-Inga (UTM 589790N7590546E; 3731 m) and Tres Ojos de Agua de Ascotán (UTM578508N-7611392E; 4242 m), both of which appear to have been roadside tambos (inns) from the Tawantinsuyu period. Studies recorded the architectural features of the route, identifying its axis, the roadway, roadside architecture and the associated sites and elements. Landscape-geographic analysis focused on the visibility of the road and its interaction with the local and regional population. Researchers also examined the processes of continuity and change experienced by the road over time. Finally, this paper describes the Ruinas de una antigua posada (Ruins of an old roadside inn) site, possibly of Inca origin, and the Incan ceremonial structure at 5,200 m altitude on Cerro El Jardín or Ascotán.
Mapocho incaico sur: el Tawantinsuyu entre el río Maipo y el cordón de Angostura
Se proporcionan los resultados de los análisis históricos y arqueológicos de la ocupación indígena entre la ribera sur del río Maipo y el cordón de Angostura durante el Tawantinsuyu. Se identifica el camino inca principal o Qhapaq Ñan y el camino real a los promaucaes, ambos de origen prehispánico. Se definen seis distritos poblacionales. Los emplazados más al norte destacan por la presencia de grandes acequias; aquellos cercanos al cordón de Angostura presentan construcciones arquitectónicas en la cima de cerros y una mayor sacralización del paisaje. El artículo sintetiza lo que constituyó la ocupación humana de la parte meridional de la provincia incaica del Mapocho.
The Inca Ushnu ceremonial platform of Chena, Maipo Valley, Chile/Plataforma ceremonial Ushnu Inca de chena, Valle Del Maipo, Chile
The results of the archaeological excavations of a sector with mound structures located on the SE edge of the square intramural Chena Pucara are presented. The aim is to identify the origin and function of this facility and submit contrasting hypotheses raised by various researchers mentioning that in this place the Tawantinsuyu (Inca) established an important ceremonial site (ushnu). Fieldwork have uncovered the remains of the internal structure of rock and dirt of an architectural quadrilateral platform of 6.5 x 6.5 m and 0.70 m in height approximately, a rear ramp, the same material and evidence of a central hole. Among the remains recovered were small loose rocks, six large boulders, remains of tufa and sulfur and fragments of camel, malacological and ceramics, all of the Inca period. The latter were dated by thermoluminescence providing two coherent dating: 1490 and 1505 AD. The remains proved to be similar to findings in ushnus with existing ceremonial platform in the main squares and administrative centers along the Tawantinsuyu, which supported the hypothesis that the remains of Chena corresponded to a facility of this type. It became the southernmost platform of the Tawantinsuyu.
Archaeobotany of Cerro del Inga, Chile, at the Southern Inka Frontier
This study represents the introduction of systematic water flotation archaeobotany to Chilean archaeology. As such, Rossen et al. provide new lines of analysis for understanding the interaction between the Inkas and their conquered people. Specifically, using archaeobotany to identify the food remains and stored foods at the site of Cerro del Inga allowed the authors to see how the Inkas introduced their own foods into the local economy, yet continued to use the foods of the region. As they state, this analysis goes beyond simple identification of food plants and provides information about social, political, and economic policies. The archaeobotanical
Nineteenth century sealing sites on Rugged Island, South Shetland Islands
The South Shetland Islands were discovered in 1819. Almost immediately the fur seal population was intensively exploited and this lasted through the early years of the 1820s, by which time seal numbers had been so depleted that sealing became uneconomic. Sealing was revived for both fur seals and Elephant seals at several periods later in the century. Sealers were put ashore in gangs and built makeshift shelters in which to live. Many of these have been identified on the South Shetlands, and a number have been excavated, though few with archaeological method. Fifty known sites are identified. The paper outlines the survey and excavation of two sites on Rugged Island by archaeologists from Australia and from the Chilean National Natural History Museum. One site relates to the sealing era of the 1820s, while the second may be associated with a marooned sealing gang in the 1870s. The nature of the occupation sites on the South Shetlands is analysed in relation to the social and operational context of the merchant navies of Britain and the USA in the nineteenth century. This is seen as a more directly relevant context for assessing physical evidence than is the application of theories of global capitalist systems.