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In a recent prognostic meta-analysis performed by our research center, only 4 studies with prognostic information could be located for evaluation of survival benefit of sentinel node mapping in MCC6 with the sample size of 63, 47, 114, and 1,193 patients.

Background Celiac disease (CD) is known as a reason of metabolic osteopathy. Progression of non-invasive methods such as bone densitometry has shown that an important ratio of CD cases is faced with impaired bone mass and such cases are prone to bone fractures. Variety of low bone mineral density in CD is probably because of ignored confounding factors such as age, menopause, and drug. The aim of our study was to systematically review the osteoporosis and osteopenia incidences among premenopausal females and males with CD. Methods This systematic review was done based on preferred reporting items for systematic reviews (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed and Scopus and Cochran databases were searched according to the relevant medical subject headings (MeSH) of CD and bone mineral density until 2018. Prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis were used as effect size for meta-analysis. Cochrane Q ( p  < 0.05) and I 2 index were presented to reveal the heterogeneity. Results 54 eligible full text reviews were included and nineteen selected for data extraction. Eleven articles didn’t have our inclusion criteria and had ignored confounding factors like age and menopause, and we excluded; data extraction was done in eight studies. A total of 563 premenopausal women and men who were from, UK, Brazil, India, Hungary, and Poland were included. The pooled prevalence of osteoporosis was 14.4% [95%CI: 9–20.5%] (Cochrane Q = 7.889, p  = 0.96, I 2  = 49.29%), and osteopenia was 39.6% [31.1–48.8%] (Cochrane Q = 14.24, p  = 0.07, I 2  = 71.92%), respectively. Conclusion Our findings suggest that bone loss is more prevalent in celiac disease and can be associated with increased risk of fracture. However, but results are pooled prevalence and we need more case –control studies with more sample size and consideration of confounding factors.

The existence of synthetic dyes and heavy metals in textile wastewater is a serious problem. These compounds should be removed before discharge into the environment by an appropriate method. The present study was conducted for the characterization of efficient multi-functional strain Bacillus cereus MS038EH for the simultaneous removal of Reactive Black-5 and Chromium(VI). Maximum decolorization efficiency of 94.74% was achieved at pH 7, 35 °C, and 4% inoculum size for 900 mg/L of Reactive Black-5. Also, 94.10% efficiency was observed in the presence of 8 g/L of yeast extract as an optimum nitrogen source, while carbon sources had no significant effect on decolorization. It should be pointed out that the decolorization efficiency was decreased from 94 to 64% by increasing NaCl concentrations from 0 to 50 g/L, respectively. Bacillus cereus strain MS038EH could decolorize 94.31% of Reactive Black-5 (900 mg/L) and remove 87.31% of chromium(VI) (30 mg/L) within 36 h. Results of Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy proved that Reactive Black-5 was cleaved into the lower molecular weight products without any azo bonds. However, the phyto-toxicity analysis showed that Reactive Black-5 was not toxic for Triticum aestivum and Maize, while biologically treated Reactive Black-5 was toxic for seeds. Therefore, ultraviolet-C/H2O2 was applied for the detoxification of biotransformed products. When ultraviolet-C/H2O2 was applied as post-treatment, the seeds were germinated completely. It is demonstrated that the application of ultraviolet-C/H2O2 after anaerobic treatment is effective for toxicity reduction of textile wastewater.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present green supply chain, resilient supply chain, agile supply chain, cold supply chain and lean supply chain (GRACL SC) procedures based on a detailed perspective, analyzing subjects in the past 19 years with a systematic literature review (SLR) of the papers reported from 2000 to 2019, and offering information and guidelines for further studies. Design/methodology/approach This research is based on 17 keywords in the title and topic of the articles and collects data from Web of Science (WOS) databases and objectively chooses 1,190 articles and performs meta-data analyses. Tables and statistical reports are based on the following three filters: publication year, authors and document type. At least, 39 publications from the ISI WOS has been examined for presenting information of categorization of the conducted research with regard to the content analysis, comprising the conceptual development and obstacles, cooperation with the supply chain elements, as well as mathematical and other optimization models. Findings Finally, this study answered three main questions in the research and demonstrates that the majority studies in the green supply chain (GSC) and a minimum number of studies on the cold supply chain have been conducted and 27 factors are chosen to achieve the 2000 to 2019 GRACL SCM model which robust and fit for Iranian food industries. The model shows that the agile, resilient and lean supply chain have direct effect on GSC and it can be said that all 27 groups which are selected for the final model of this research can be the main groups in the supply chain. Originality/value This paper was actually conducted by authors who reported it. To prevent plagiarized, redoubled efforts have been made and actually this paper is based on SLR methodology and the results are real and the researcher discusses the results appropriately. This investigation can have a positive impact within the field of expanding supply chain flexibility and lessening squander within the Iranian generation framework.

It is unclear whether resistance (RT) and concurrent training (CT; resistance plus endurance training) combined with different protein intakes have differential effects on muscle hypertrophy, strength, and performance. Therefore, we compared the effects of two high-protein diets (1.6 or 3.2 g.kg d ) during 16 weeks of either CT or RT alone in resistance-trained males. Forty-eight resistance-trained males (age: 26 ± 6 yr, body mass index: 25.6 ± 2.9 kg.m ) performed 16 weeks (four sessions·w ) of CT or RT with either 1.6 g.kg d protein (CT1;  = 12; RT1; = 12) or 3.2 g.kg d protein (CT2;  = 12; RT2;  = 12). Training adaptations were assessed pre-, mid-, and post-intervention. All measures of performance (endurance, vertical jump, and pull-up), lean mass, muscle strength, and power significantly increased post-intervention in all groups, but peak power gains were greater in RT2 compared with RT1 and CT1 (  < .05). VO significantly increased in both CT groups (  < .001). Select biochemical markers of kidney and liver function significantly increased within the RT2 and CT2 groups (  < .05), however, no between-group differences were apparent (  > .05). With the exception of peak power, intake of 1.6 g.kg d of protein appears sufficient to maximize gains in lean mass, muscle strength, performance, and aerobic capacity during both RT and CT without influencing markers of kidney and liver function, indicating this daily protein amount is effective and safely tolerated in young, healthy adults.

Conflict of interest The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (2010)49:877–8.10.3109/0284186100376996420429734 8.AnsariMRadMAHassanzadehMGholamiHYousefiZDabbaghVR.Sentinel node biopsy in endometrial cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature.Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 9.HassanzadeMAttaranMTregliaGYousefiZSadeghiR.Lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva: systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature.Gynecol Oncol. (2013)130:237–45.10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.04.02323612317 10.KadkhodayanSHasanzadehMTregliaGAzadAYousefiZZarifmahmoudiL.Sentinel node biopsy for lymph nodal staging of uterine cervix cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the pertinent literature.Eur J Surg Oncol. (1967)20:2026–31.10.1002/1097-0142(196711)20:11<;2026::AID-CNCR2820201132>;3.0.CO;2-O6061637 13.SadeghiRGholamiHZakaviSRKakhkiVRTabasiKTHorenblasS.Accuracy of sentinel lymph node biopsy for inguinal lymph node staging of penile squamous cell carcinoma: systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature.J Urol. (2012)187:25–31.10.1016/j.juro.2011.09.05822088350 14.ZarifmahmoudiLGhorbaniHSadriKTavakkoliMKeshvariMSalehiM.Sentinel node biopsy in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: systematic review and meta-analysis.Urol Int. (2024)51:512–20.10.1007/s00259-023-06449-037773437 19.BalasubramanianSPHarrisonBJ.Systematic review and meta-analysis of sentinel node biopsy in thyroid cancer.Br J Surg.

Attention should be paid to patients undergoing therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors since pseudo-progression (increase in uptake/size by known lesions or appearance of new lesions and subsequent response) may complicate the evaluation of treatment efficacy. In this Research Topic, a case of primary intracardiac diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is presented: the patient exhibited multiple nodular soft tissue density lesions in the heart and pericardium with increased 18F-FDG uptake, and multiple lymph nodes with a variable increase in 18F-FDG uptake in the mediastinum, left axilla and near the left kidney (Huang Z. et al.). [...]the distribution of an uncommon malignancy may mimic another more frequently observed condition, as illustrated by the case of a 57-year-old woman complaining of dizziness and headaches, with multiple sites of bone destruction in the skull, spine and pelvis on MRI, and multiple 18F-FDG-avid foci throughout the skeleton (including the sternum, bilateral clavicles, scapulae and ribs). [...]an uncommon benign condition may be the first clinical manifestation of a common malignant disease, as in the case of a woman with retroperitoneal fibrosis and renal insufficiency, associated with a histologic finding of breast cancer metastasis in the right kidney: as morphological imaging failed to detect the primary lesion, 18F-FDG PET-CT was performed which revealed bilateral breast cancer (histologically confirmed as lobular carcinoma) with bone, lymph node and kidney metastases, thus underlying the advantages of functional imaging (Song et al.). [...]recent advances in PET-CT technology, such as long-axial field-of-view (LAFOV) which result in a dramatic reduction in acquisition time and injected activity (14), may make PET-CT suitable for intensive care unit patients, as demonstrated in the case of Hemophilus influenza sepsis and pericarditis in which LAFOV allowed a 12-min whole-body scan revealing FDG uptake in the pericardial layers, pleura and right knee synovitis (van Snick et al.).

Background: While prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted imaging has revolutionized metastatic detection, unspecific bone uptake (UBU)—particularly in the ribs—is a common but diagnostically challenging finding in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. This review aims to synthesize current evidence on PSMA-avid rib lesions in PCa and to propose a structured approach for differentiating true metastases from benign mimics. Methods: A comprehensive literature search across PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science identified relevant studies on PSMA imaging interpretation, tracer-specific patterns, rib lesion morphology, and clinical correlates. Data on uptake intensity, CT features, lesion number, location, tracer type, patient-specific risk factors, and follow-up behavior were extracted and analyzed. Results: Most solitary rib lesions are benign, particularly in low-risk patients or when located in the anterior/lateral arcs. Metastatic lesions are more likely to present as multiple foci, show cortical destruction on CT, exhibit high uptake intensity, and occur in patients with elevated PSA, high Gleason score, or ongoing androgen deprivation. 18F-PSMA-1007 is especially prone to UBU in the ribs compared to 68Ga-PSMA-11. Based on these variables, we propose a clinical decision tree to guide interpretation of PSMA-avid rib lesions. Conclusions: Accurate interpretation of rib lesions on PSMA PET/CT requires a multimodal, context-sensitive approach. Our diagnostic decision tree guides precise differentiation of benign versus metastatic rib lesions, enhancing staging accuracy and clinical decision-making. Biomarker-guided therapies offer potential for personalized treatment, though rib-specific validation remains a critical need.

Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the value of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in the laryngeal SCC, using intra-operative peri-tumoral injection of Tc-99m-phytate. Methods Patients with biopsy-proven squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx were included. On the day of surgery, after anesthesia induction, suspension laryngoscopy was performed to inject 74 MBq/0.4 ml Tc-99m-phytate in four aliquots into the sub-mucosal peri-tumoral location. After a 10-min wait, a portable gamma probe was used to locate sentinel nodes. Subsequently, all patients underwent laryngectomy and neck dissection. Both sentinel nodes and non-sentinel nodes were examined using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Results Twenty-six patients with a diagnosis of laryngeal carcinoma were included in the study. The SLN detection rate was 65.4%, with a 100% detection rate in the supraglottic region and a 52.6% detection rate for glottis/transglottic patients. Permanent pathology results showed lymph node involvement in four patients, but only one patient had a negative result in the SLNB, resulting in an overall false negative rate of 25%. The sensitivity of the SLN technique was 75% overall, 100% in the supraglottic region, and 67% in the glottis/transglottic region. Conclusion The accuracy and feasibility of SLNB may be related to the location of the tumors in the larynx. For supraglottic tumors, the technique seems to be feasible with a low false negative rate. For glottis/transglottic tumors, both the detection rate and false negative rate seem to be suboptimal. Further studies are needed to validate our results.

Background/Objectives: The superscan pattern is a characteristic finding on bone scintigraphy, associated with a variety of metabolic bone diseases, malignancies, and other conditions. This pattern is characterized by a diffuse and intense uptake of radiotracer throughout the entire skeleton. Despite being a relatively rare finding, the superscan pattern can have significant clinical implications. Methods: This comprehensive review summarizes the available literature on the superscan pattern, focusing on its pathophysiology, clinical significance, and differential diagnoses. Relevant studies and case reports were analyzed to outline the diagnostic challenges associated with the interpretation of bone scintigraphy featuring the superscan pattern. Results: The literature highlights the clinical significance of the superscan pattern in various metabolic and oncologic conditions. Misinterpretation of this pattern can lead to diagnostic challenges, especially in distinguishing it from other pathologic conditions. Differential diagnosis remains crucial in the accurate interpretation and subsequent management of patients with this finding. Conclusions: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the superscan pattern on bone scintigraphy, aiming to assist clinicians in recognizing and managing this rare yet clinically important finding.