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"Saenz, Rogelio"
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The Criminalization of Immigrants & the Immigration-Industrial Complex
Over the last few decades, and particularly after 9/11, we have witnessed the increasing criminalization of immigrants in the United States. Changing policies have subjected immigrants to intensified apprehension and detention programs. This essay provides an overview of the context and policies that have produced the rising criminalization of immigrants. We draw on the institutional theory of migration to understand the business of detention centers and the construction of the immigration-industrial complex. We link government contracts and private corporations in the formation of the immigration-industrial complex, highlighting the increasing profits that private corporations are making through the detention of immigrants. We conclude with a discussion of how the privatization of detention centers is part of a larger trend in which basic functions of societal institutions are being farmed out to private corporations with little consideration for basic human rights.
Journal Article
Reflections on the Sociology of Security and Surveillance in the Study of Immigration
In the last decade, sociologists have begun to address major issues associated with the rise of security and surveillance. My work suggests the ways in which a sociology of surveillance can contribute to the study of immigration and how, in turn, work on immigration can contribute to this new and growing field.
Journal Article
The international handbook of the demography of race and ethnicity
This book examines the demography of race and ethnicity, with emphasis on differential growth rates, stratification and conflict. It details theoretical perspectives and methodological approaches that are needed to better comprehend the issue.
eBook
Apple Pie and Enchiladas
The sudden influx of significant numbers of Latinos to the rural
Midwest stems from the recruitment of workers by food processing
plants and small factories springing up in rural areas. Mostly they
work at back-breaking jobs that local residents are not willing to
take because of the low wages and few benefits. The region has
become the scene of dramatic change involving major issues facing
our country-the intertwining of ethnic differences, prejudice, and
poverty; the social impact of a low-wage workforce resulting from
corporate transformations; and public policy questions dealing with
economic development, taxation, and welfare payments.
In this thorough multidisciplinary study, the authors explore
both sides of this ethnic divide and provide the first volume to
focus comprehensively on Latinos in the region by linking
demographic and qualitative analysis to describe what brings
Latinos to the area and how they are being accommodated in their
new communities. The fact is that many Midwestern communities would
be losing population and facing a dearth of workers if not for
Latino newcomers. This finding adds another layer of social and
economic complexity to the region's changing place in the global
economy. The authors look at how Latinos fit into an already
fractured social landscape with tensions among townspeople,
farmers, and others. The authors also reveal the optimism that lies
in the opposition of many Anglos to ethnic prejudice and
racism.
eBook
Environmental Issues on the Mexico-U.S. Border: An Introduction
The Mexico-U.S. border is one of the most dynamic regions in the world and represents one of the greatest economic contrasts between the developed and developing world. The construction of policies and programs such as the Border Industrialization Program (BIP) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has been primarily responsible for massive population growth and industrialization along the Mexico-U.S. border region. Such changes have also placed tremendous pressures on the environment and natural resources spanning the international boundary. This article provides an introduction and a description of the context for the articles featured in this special issue related to environmental concerns on the Mexico-U.S. border.
Journal Article
The Economic Benefits of Domestica Employment: The Case of Mexicans in the United States
Mexican immigrant women in the United States are most likely to be working as domesticas (maids) more so than in any other occupation in the United States. This occupation provides some women with weak ties in which they gain knowledge about the social world of their employers, especially in areas with relatively large Mexican-origin populations. This paper examines the extent to which Mexican immigrant husbands gain economic benefits from their wives' employment as domesticas. Data from the 2000 5% Public Use Microdata Sample are used to conduct the analysis. The results indicate that there are no statistically significant differences in hourly wages between Mexican immigrant husbands whose wives are employed as domesticas and their counterparts whose wives are employed in other occupations. However, we find a significant interaction effect between domestica employment and the relative size of the Mexican population in the area of residence. As such, Mexican men whose wives are employed as domesticas and who live in areas with a greater presence of Mexicans have higher hourly wages than do their counterparts. Key words: Domesticas, Mexican women immigrants, gender relations
Journal Article
Poverty in the Texas Borderland and Lower Mississippi Delta
We provide a comparative analysis of county-level poverty in the two poorest regions of the United States—the Texas Borderland and the Lower Mississippi Delta—with a special focus on differences by family type. Our results reveal important regional variation in both the prevalence of poverty and the composition of the poor population across major family types. Using OLS regression models of family type-specific poverty we demonstrate three key findings: 1) There are no significant regional differences in poverty levels by family type between the Borderland and the Delta, net of important structural factors that characterize the regions; 2) with the exception of the employment rate, the structural factors associated with poverty among married couple and single female-headed families are quite different; and 3) paradoxically, areas in the Borderland with high in-migration are especially likely to suffer from high married-couple family poverty. Our results suggest the need for regionally targeted and demographically tailored anti-poverty policies.
Journal Article
Testing the Effects of Collectively Expected Durations of Migration: The Naturalization of Mexicans and Cubans
This study tests a hypothesis that Mexican foreign-born immigrants who came to the United States for economic reasons naturalize less often than Cubans who immigrate for political reasons. It uses information from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, Latino Sample, a national sample of 7,453 respondents from the 1989 Latino National Political Survey (LNPS) and the 1990 Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). Ordinal logistic regression is used to examine the hypothesis. The results indicate that while more Mexicans plan to apply or have applied for naturalization, proportionately more Cubans than Mexicans have naturalized. Cuban political immigrants who came to the United States during the first half of the 1960s naturalize more often than their Mexican counterparts. However, the effect of ethnic identity on naturalization is mediated by a number of other predictors of naturalization such as gender, race, urban residence, socioeconomic status and acculturation.
Journal Article