Explore the vast range of titles available.

This research paper investigates the importance of adjustable passive suspension systems, with a particular emphasis on a novel variant employing variable spring stiffness. The study examines the implications of variable stiffness on ride comfort and handling across diverse road conditions through real-world trials conducted on a designated test vehicle. Utilizing sophisticated data analysis methodologies, the optimal stiffness configurations tailored to distinct road conditions are discerned, aiming to ascertain the efficacy of the system in augmenting overall vehicle performance and adaptability. Acknowledging potential challenges inherent in real-time adjustments and system intricacies, the paper aims to showcase the tangible benefits of variable spring stiffness technology. In the experimental findings, the first setting demonstrates optimal ride comfort and vehicle stability at low speed, while at medium speed, the second setting excels in both aspects. Conversely, at high speed, the fourth setting offers the best ride comfort and vehicle stability. Graphical abstract

LHCb has a rich programme studying hadronic B-decays and is already showing that with early data it can produce precision measurements which improve on current world averages. The preliminary results presented include the new world's best measurements of the Acp(Bd -> K+ pi-) = -0.088 +/- 0.011 (stat) +/- 0.008 (syst) and tau(Bs -> K+ K-) = 1.440 +/- 0.096 (stat) +/- 0.010 (syst) ps. These were obtained using the full 2010 data sample containing 37 pb-1 and also 320 pb-1 of the 2011 data. The first observation of CP violation in Bs -> pi+ K- is also presented.

The performance of the ring-imaging Cherenkov detectors at the LHCb experiment is determined during the LHC Run 2 period between 2015 and 2018. The stability of the Cherenkov angle resolution and number of detected photons with time and running conditions is measured. The particle identification performance is evaluated with data and found to satisfy the requirements of the physics programme.

We report the final measurement of the neutrino oscillation parameters \\(\\Delta m^2_{32}\\) and \\(\\sin^2\\theta_{23}\\) using all data from the MINOS and MINOS+ experiments. These data were collected using a total exposure of \\(23.76 \\times 10^{20}\\) protons on target producing \\(\\nu_{mu}\\) and \\(\\overline{\\nu_\\mu}\\) beams and 60.75 kt\\(\\cdot\\)yr exposure to atmospheric neutrinos. The measurement of the disappearance of \\(\\nu_{\\mu}\\) and the appearance of \\(\\nu_e\\) events between the Near and Far detectors yields \\(|\\Delta m^2_{32}|=2.40^{+0.08}_{-0.09}~(2.45^{+0.07}_{-0.08}) \\times 10^{-3}\\) eV\\(^2\\) and \\(\\sin^2\\theta_{23} = 0.43^{+0.20}_{-0.04} ~(0.42^{+0.07}_{-0.03})\\) at 68% C.L. for Normal (Inverted) Hierarchy.

A search for mixing between active neutrinos and light sterile neutrinos has been performed by looking for muon neutrino disappearance in two detectors at baselines of 1.04 km and 735 km, using a combined MINOS and MINOS+ exposure of \\(16.36\\times10^{20}\\) protons-on-target. A simultaneous fit to the charged-current muon neutrino and neutral-current neutrino energy spectra in the two detectors yields no evidence for sterile neutrino mixing using a 3+1 model. The most stringent limit to date is set on the mixing parameter \\(\\sin^2\\theta_{24}\\) for most values of the sterile neutrino mass-splitting \\(\\Delta m^2_{41} > 10^{-4}\\) eV\\(^2\\).

We report new constraints on the size of large extra dimensions from data collected by the MINOS experiment between 2005 and 2012. Our analysis employs a model in which sterile neutrinos arise as Kaluza-Klein states in large extra dimensions and thus modify the neutrino oscillation probabilities due to mixing between active and sterile neutrino states. Using Fermilab's NuMI beam exposure of \\(10.56 \\times 10^{20}\\) protons-on-target, we combine muon neutrino charged current and neutral current data sets from the Near and Far Detectors and observe no evidence for deviations from standard three-flavor neutrino oscillations. The ratios of reconstructed energy spectra in the two detectors constrain the size of large extra dimensions to be smaller than \\(0.45\\,\\mu\\text{m}\\) at 90% C.L. in the limit of a vanishing lightest active neutrino mass. Stronger limits are obtained for non-vanishing masses.

We report results of a search for oscillations involving a light sterile neutrino over distances of 1.04 and \\(735\\,\\mathrm{km}\\) in a \\(\\nu_{\\mu}\\)-dominated beam with a peak energy of \\(3\\,\\mathrm{GeV}\\). The data, from an exposure of \\(10.56\\times 10^{20}\\,\\textrm{protons on target}\\), are analyzed using a phenomenological model with one sterile neutrino. We constrain the mixing parameters \\(\\theta_{24}\\) and \\(\\Delta m^{2}_{41}\\) and set limits on parameters of the four-dimensional Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata matrix, \\(|U_{\\mu 4}|^{2}\\) and \\(|U_{\\tau 4}|^{2}\\), under the assumption that mixing between \\(\\nu_{e}\\) and \\(\\nu_{s}\\) is negligible (\\(|U_{e4}|^{2}=0\\)). No evidence for \\(\\nu_{\\mu} \\to \\nu_{s}\\) transitions is found and we set a world-leading limit on \\(\\theta_{24}\\) for values of \\(\\Delta m^{2}_{41} \\lesssim 1\\,\\mathrm{eV}^{2}\\).

The charge ratio, \\(R_\\mu = N_{\\mu^+}/N_{\\mu^-}\\), for cosmogenic multiple-muon events observed at an under- ground depth of 2070 mwe has been measured using the magnetized MINOS Far Detector. The multiple-muon events, recorded nearly continuously from August 2003 until April 2012, comprise two independent data sets imaged with opposite magnetic field polarities, the comparison of which allows the systematic uncertainties of the measurement to be minimized. The multiple-muon charge ratio is determined to be \\(R_\\mu = 1.104 \\pm 0.006 {\\rm \\,(stat.)} ^{+0.009}_{-0.010} {\\rm \\,(syst.)} \\). This measurement complements previous determinations of single-muon and multiple-muon charge ratios at underground sites and serves to constrain models of cosmic ray interactions at TeV energies.

Results are reported from an improved measurement of \\(\\nu_\\mu \\rightarrow \\nu_e\\) transitions by the NOvA experiment. Using an exposure equivalent to \\(6.05\\times10^{20}\\) protons-on-target 33 \\(\\nu_e\\) candidates were observed with a background of \\(8.2\\pm0.8\\) (syst.). Combined with the latest NOvA \\(\\nu_\\mu\\) disappearance data and external constraints from reactor experiments on \\(\\sin^22\\theta_{13}\\), the hypothesis of inverted mass hierarchy with \\(\\theta_{23}\\) in the lower octant is disfavored at greater than \\(93\\%\\) C.L. for all values of \\(\\delta_{CP}\\).

The LHCb experiment has been taking data at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN since the end of 2009. One of its key detector components is the Ring-Imaging Cherenkov (RICH) system. This provides charged particle identification over a wide momentum range, from 2-100 GeV/c. The operation and control software, and online monitoring of the RICH system are described. The particle identification performance is presented, as measured using data from the LHC. Excellent separation of hadronic particle types (pion, kaon and proton) is achieved.