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"Sanchez, Laura"
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Psychometric properties and qualitative evaluation of a Swedish translation of the New Sexual Satisfaction Scale–Short (NSSS-S)
Sexual satisfaction is a crucial part of sexual health and is positively related to well-being and quality of life. However, there are at present no composite measures of sexual satisfaction available in Swedish. The New Sexual Satisfaction Scale - Short form (NSSS-S) is a measure of sexual satisfaction that has been validated in multiple languages, and the aim of the present study is to evaluate the psychometric properties and intelligibility of a Swedish version of the NSSS-S.
A convenience sample (N = 479) responded to an online survey including the Swedish NSSS-S and a single-item measure of sexual satisfaction. Qualitative evaluation of the translation was done within 20 semi-structured interviews where respondents gave open answers to the NSSS-S items.
Results showed that a two-factor solution, matching the subscales Ego-Centred and Partner/Activity-Centred sexual satisfaction, showed good to acceptable fit to the data. However, removal of the item \"Partner's ability to orgasm\" increased model fit significantly. Internal reliability for the full scale was high and NSSS-S scores correlated strongly with the single-item measure of sexual satisfaction. Qualitative evaluation showed no issues with comprehension of the translated items or with the semantic and cultural validity of the translated measure, but revealed additional aspects of measuring sexual satisfaction not captured by a scale such as the NSSS-S.
The Swedish NSSS-S displayed the expected bi-dimensional factor structure, high convergent validity in relation to the other available measure of sexual satisfaction and can be used with both partnered and single respondents. Qualitative evaluation indicated that the NSSS-S is generally seen to capture important elements of measuring sexual satisfaction but that it may not adequately capture experiences of situational and temporal variability in sexual satisfaction. The Swedish NSSS-S thus showed comparable psychometric and semantic properties to the original version and can be used to measure sexual satisfaction in a Swedish speaking population.
Journal Article
The totality
\"The League was forced to make an impossible decision ... and now its time to face the consequences! The returning Martian Manhunter struggles to protect the team from an incoming threat that will shatter the world as they know it, while a familiar face strikes out on a dark path... Spinning out of the cataclysmic events of Dark Nights: Metal and the universe-defining No Justice, the core members of the Justice League--Superman, Batman, Wonder Woman, Aquaman, The Flash and more--are finally reunited for an adventure for the ages!\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Would shared decision-making be useful in breast cancer screening programmes? A qualitative study using focus group discussions to gather evidence from French women with different socioeconomic backgrounds
Background
To inform the development of an online tool to be potentially used in shared decision-making about breast cancer screening, French women were questioned about participation in breast cancer screening, the health professional’s role, and their perceptions of the proposed tool.
Methods
We organised focus group discussions with 55 French women. Two different strategies were used to recruit women from high and low socioeconomic backgrounds. We applied both inductive and deductive approaches to conduct a thematic analysis of the discussions. We analysed the responses by using the main determinants from different health behaviour models and compared the two groups.
Results
Independently of socioeconomic status, the most important determinant for a woman’s participation in breast cancer screening was the perceived severity of breast cancer and the perceived benefits of its early detection by screening. Cues to action reported by both groups were invitation letters; recommendations by health professionals, or group/community activities and public events were reported by women from high and low socioeconomic backgrounds, respectively. Among other positive determinants, women from high socioeconomic backgrounds reported making informed decisions and receiving peer support whereas women from low socioeconomic backgrounds reported community empowerment through group/community events. Fear of cancer was reported as a barrier in both groups. Among other barriers, language issues were reported only by women from low socioeconomic backgrounds; women from high socioeconomic backgrounds reported breast cancer screening-related risks other than overdiagnosis and/or overtreatment. Barriers to accessing the online tool to be developed were mainly reported by women from high socioeconomic backgrounds.
Conclusion
Limitations in implementing shared decision-making for women from low socioeconomic backgrounds were highlighted. An online tool that is suitable for all women, regardless of socioeconomic status, would provide “on-demand” reliable and tailored information about breast cancer screening and improve access to health professionals and social exchanges.
Journal Article
Exploiting oxidative phosphorylation to promote the stem and immunoevasive properties of pancreatic cancer stem cells
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the fourth leading cause of cancer death, has a 5-year survival rate of approximately 7–9%. The ineffectiveness of anti-PDAC therapies is believed to be due to the existence of a subpopulation of tumor cells known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are functionally plastic, and have exclusive tumorigenic, chemoresistant and metastatic capacities. Herein, we describe a 2D in vitro system for long-term enrichment of pancreatic CSCs that is amenable to biological and CSC-specific studies. By changing the carbon source from glucose to galactose in vitro, we force PDAC cells to utilize OXPHOS, resulting in enrichment of CSCs defined by increased CSC biomarker and pluripotency gene expression, greater tumorigenic potential, induced but reversible quiescence, increased OXPHOS activity, enhanced invasiveness, and upregulated immune evasion properties. This CSC enrichment method can facilitate the discovery of new CSC-specific hallmarks for future development into targets for PDAC-based therapies.
Long-term cultures of pancreatic cancer stem cells (PaCSCs) are difficult to obtain. Here, the authors present a 2D culture method, based on the use of galactose, to establish cell cultures from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma xenotransplants enriched in PaCSCs.
Journal Article
Uric Acid Stimulates Fructokinase and Accelerates Fructose Metabolism in the Development of Fatty Liver
Excessive dietary fructose intake may have an important role in the current epidemics of fatty liver, obesity and diabetes as its intake parallels the development of these syndromes and because it can induce features of metabolic syndrome. The effects of fructose to induce fatty liver, hypertriglyceridemia and insulin resistance, however, vary dramatically among individuals. The first step in fructose metabolism is mediated by fructokinase (KHK), which phosphorylates fructose to fructose-1-phosphate; intracellular uric acid is also generated as a consequence of the transient ATP depletion that occurs during this reaction. Here we show in human hepatocytes that uric acid up-regulates KHK expression thus leading to the amplification of the lipogenic effects of fructose. Inhibition of uric acid production markedly blocked fructose-induced triglyceride accumulation in hepatocytes in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism whereby uric acid stimulates KHK expression involves the activation of the transcription factor ChREBP, which, in turn, results in the transcriptional activation of KHK by binding to a specific sequence within its promoter. Since subjects sensitive to fructose often develop phenotypes associated with hyperuricemia, uric acid may be an underlying factor in sensitizing hepatocytes to fructose metabolism during the development of fatty liver.
Journal Article
Finding new Arabidopsis receptor kinases that regulate compatible pollen-pistil interactions
Successful fertilization of a flowering plant requires tightly controlled cell-to-cell communication between the male pollen grain and the female pistil. Throughout
Arabidopsis
pollen-pistil interactions, ligand-receptor kinase signaling is utilized to mediate various checkpoints to promote compatible interactions. In
Arabidopsis
, the later stages of pollen tube growth, ovular guidance and reception in the pistil have been intensively studied, and thus the receptor kinases and the respective ligands in these stages are quite well understood. However, the components of the earlier stages, responsible for recognizing compatible pollen grains and pollen tubes in the upper reproductive tract are less clear. Recently, predicted receptor kinases have been implicated in the initial stages of regulating pollen hydration and supporting pollen tube growth through the upper regions of the reproductive tract in the pistil. The discovery of these additional signaling proteins at the earlier stages of pollen-pistil interactions has further elucidated the mechanisms that
Arabidopsis
employs to support compatible pollen. Despite these advances, many questions remain regarding their specific functions. Here, we review the roles of the different receptor kinases, integrate their proposed functions into a model covering all stages of pollen-pistil interactions, and discuss what remains elusive with regard to their functions, respective binding partners and signaling pathways.
Journal Article
Coupling MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry protein and specialized metabolite analyses to rapidly discriminate bacterial function
For decades, researchers have lacked the ability to rapidly correlate microbial identity with bacterial metabolism. Since specialized metabolites are critical to bacterial function and survival in the environment, we designed a data acquisition and bioinformatics technique (IDBac) that utilizes in situ matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to analyze protein and specialized metabolite spectra recorded from single bacterial colonies picked from agar plates. We demonstrated the power of our approach by discriminating between two Bacillus subtilis strains in <30 min solely on the basis of their differential ability to produce cyclic peptide antibiotics surfactin and plipastatin, caused by a single frameshift mutation. Next, we used IDBac to detect subtle intraspecies differences in the production of metal scavenging acyldesferrioxamines in a group of eight freshwater Micromonospora isolates that share >99% sequence similarity in the 16S rRNA gene. Finally, we used IDBac to simultaneously extract protein and specialized metabolite MS profiles from unidentified Lake Michigan sponge-associated bacteria isolated from an agar plate. In just 3 h, we created hierarchical protein MS groupings of 11 environmental isolates (10 MS replicates each, for a total of 110 spectra) that accurately mirrored phylogenetic groupings. We further distinguished isolates within these groupings, which share nearly identical 16S rRNA gene sequence identity, based on interspecies and intraspecies differences in specialized metabolite production. IDBac is an attempt to couple in situ MS analyses of protein content and specialized metabolite production to allow for facile discrimination of closely related bacterial colonies.
Journal Article
Climate Change and the Kidney
The worldwide increase in temperature has resulted in a marked increase in heat waves (heat extremes) that carries a markedly increased risk for morbidity and mortality. The kidney has a unique role not only in protecting the host from heat and dehydration but also is an important site of heatassociated disease. Here we review the potential impact of global warming and heat extremes on kidney diseases. High temperatures can result in increased core temperatures, dehydration, and blood hyperosmolality. Heatstroke (both clinical and subclinical whole-body hyperthermia) may have a major role in causing both acute kidney disease, leading to increased risk of acute kidney injury from rhabdomyolysis, or heat-induced inflammatory injury to the kidney. Recurrent heat and dehydration can result in chronic kidney disease (CKD) in animals and theoretically plays a role in epidemics of CKD developing in hot regions of the world where workers are exposed to extreme heat. Heat stress and dehydration also has a role in kidney stone formation, and poor hydration habits may increase the risk for recurrent urinary tract infections. The resultant social and economic consequences include disability and loss of productivity and employment. Given the rise in world temperatures, there is a major need to better understand how heat stress can induce kidney disease, how best to provide adequate hydration, and ways to reduce the negative effects of chronic heat exposure.
Journal Article
General practitioners’ recommendation of HPV vaccination to adolescents aged 11–14 may be gender-biased as suggested by a qualitative study in France
In 2022, one year after the extension of HPV vaccination to adolescent boys in France, we conducted a qualitative study to explore how French general practitioners (GPs) approach gender-neutral vaccination. Fifteen semi-structured interviews were carried out with private GPs, and a thematic analysis was performed. Thematic saturation was reached at the twelfth interview. Overall, GPs expressed strong support for gender-neutral vaccination, perceiving it as a way to reduce gender-based discrimination and stigmatization. However, important differences emerged in their practices. Recommendations to girls consistently emphasized individual protection against cervical cancer (
n
= 15), while recommendations to boys (10 out of 15) more often focused on protecting future female partners or referenced risks for men who have sex with men (MSM), rather than emphasizing male-specific cancer risks. Among these GPs, six reported difficulties recommending HPV vaccination to boys, directly linked to the types of arguments they felt were required. Half conveyed inaccurate information, often associating HPV infection exclusively with MSM. These findings highlight gaps in the French approach relative to international guidelines and suggest the influence of gender bias in recommendation practices. Strengthening gender-awareness training and public health messaging may help support more equitable and effective HPV vaccination strategies.
Journal Article