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An unexpected Mw7.45 earthquake struck the Noto Peninsula on 1 January 2024, preceded by several long‐living earthquake swarms, providing a valuable opportunity to study seismic and aseismic slips, as well as their interactions. We derived coseismic and 19‐day postseismic slip distributions by inverting co‐ and post‐seismic displacements from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data. The inverted coseismic slip distribution shows two slip patches, with a maximum slip of ∼4 m. The early postseismic afterslip is 0.1–0.25 m within coseismic slip asperity and 0.1–0.6 m northward of the rupture area. The afterslip within the rupture area is accompanied by numerous aftershocks and coincides with a ∼6 MPa stress drop, suggesting that aftershocks are likely driven by the afterslip. The pattern of poroelastic rebound implies a potential effect of fluid flow on aftershock triggering. This study sheds lights on the intricate interplay between seismic and aseismic processes following large earthquakes. Plain Language Summary A Mw7.45 earthquake hit the northeastern tip of the Noto Peninsula on 1 January 2024. This region has hosted several long earthquake swarms. This unusual earthquake provides a good opportunity to explore the fault behaviors following a major earthquake. The coseismic and early postseismic deformation have been well recorded at the GNSS stations with unprecedentedly high spatial and temporal resolutions. We inverted the coseismic and early postseismic slip distributions from the GNSS data. The coseismic slip distributes mostly in two patches and reaches up to approximately 4 m. The 19‐day postseismic slip distributes mainly in the coseismic slip region as well as to the north of it. The postseismic slip in the rupture area overlapped with the aftershocks. The result suggests that these aftershocks were likely triggered by the afterslip. Additionally, the pattern of poroelastic rebound implies that fluid flow may play a role in triggering these aftershocks. This study helps advance our understanding of earthquake‐triggering mechanisms and fault behaviors following large earthquakes. Key Points We inverted coseismic and early afterslip distributions of Noto Peninsula earthquake using co‐ and post‐seismic displacements from Global Navigation Satellite System The early afterslip occurred within and to the north of the two main coseismic slip patches The occurrence of aftershocks may result from the early afterslip and possible fluid flow

The Minxinan black rabbit (MBR) is a valuable genetic resource in China. In this study, we compared meat quality between indigenous MBR and introduced Hyla rabbit (CIR) using multi-omics and phenotypic analyses. We identified 1175 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 327 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) with 32 overlapping. Antioxidant-related pathways (glutathione metabolism, peroxidase activity, and HIF-1) were enriched, with upregulated superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and gamma (γ)-glutamylcyclotranserase (GGCT) (p < 0.05), enhancing the antioxidant capacity in MBR. Meanwhile, key proteins (GSTM3, ENSOCUG00000024443, and ENSOCUG00000009681) in the glutathione and cytochrome P450 pathways may regulate meat color by reducing oxidative stress. Phenotypic analysis confirmed that the MBRs had increased redness (a*), yellowness (b*), melanin, and myoglobin (p < 0.05). Additionally, proteins involved in fatty acid metabolism (ACSL6), purine metabolism (NME2 and NME4), tight junctions (MYL10), and amino acid biosynthesis (ENO1) are involved in regulating fatty acid content, which can influence meat flavor quality. Notably, MBR meat exhibited significantly increased levels of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) and glycine (p < 0.05), which regulate meat flavor. MBR demonstrated superior antioxidant capacity, color, and flavor, thus providing a scientific foundation for optimizing conservation strategies.

Adding flavonoid-rich kudzu vine ( Pueraria lobata ) meal to animal feed can improve intestinal microflora. Here, we investigated the effects of kudzu vine meal on the growth performance, caecal microbial diversity, caecal microbial number, intestinal pH, and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) of meat rabbits. Two hundred weaned Ira rabbits were randomly divided into four groups and fifty rabbits in each group. Meat rabbits in the control group (group A) were fed a basal diet without kudzu vine meal; those in the three test groups were fed experimental diets comprising 15% (group B), 25% (group C), and 35% (group D) kudzu vine meal. The results showed that the daily feed intake and mortality of meat rabbits decreased significantly after adding kudzu vine meal to their diet. The feed-to-gain ratio and mortality rate in 35% kudzu vine dietary were 3.5 and 7.5%, respectively, significantly lower than those in the control group. The Shannon and Chao 1 index of the bacterial diversity decreased significantly after adding kudzu vine meal to their diet. With the increasing amount of kudzu vine meal, the variety of dominant phyla did not change, but the relative abundance increased with the increase of kudzu vine addition. The intestinal total VFAs, acetic acid and propionic acid were the highest in 15% kudzu vine dietary, and significantly higher than those of 25% kudzu vine dietary. The content of total bacteria in 35% kudzu vine dietary was the lowest and the Escherichia coli and Salmonella showed a decreasing trend. In conclusion, our study confirms the adding kudzu vine meal significantly decreased the mortality rates and feed-to-gain ratio of meat rabbits, and fed diets with 25%-35% kudzu vine meal are recommended to achieve optimal results in meat rabbits.

Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) is a neurohormone that not only suppresses reproduction at the brain level but also regulates steroidogenesis and gametogenesis at the gonad level. However, its function in gonadal physiology has received little attention in rabbits. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of GnIH on testicular development and function in prepubertal Minxinan Black rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus ). In the present study, we investigated the serum reproductive hormone concentration, testicular parameters, morphology of seminiferous tubules, apoptosis of testicular cells, and expression of reproductive-related genes in male prepubertal Minxinan Black rabbits intraperitoneally administered with 0, 0.5, 5, or 50 μg quail GnIH-related peptides (qGnIH) for 10 days. Compared with the vehicle, administration with 5 μg of qGnIH downregulated the serum testosterone concentration and mRNA levels of spermatogenic genes ( PCNA , FSHR, INHβA , HSF1 , and AR ) and upregulated the apoptosis rate of testicular cells; administration with 50 μg of qGnIH decreased the serum testosterone concentration and hypothalamic GnIH gene mRNA level and increased the serum LH concentration, pituitary LHβ gene mRNA level, testicular weight, gonadosomatic index (GSI), and spermatogenic cell layer thickness. It is concluded that GnIH could exert dual actions on testicular development depending on the male prepubertal rabbits receiving different intraperitoneal doses.

Feed restriction after weaning is a common strategy used in commercial rabbit farms to improve feed efficiency, promote health, and reduce mortality. However, few studies have investigated the feed restrictions of Minxinan black rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Thus, the effects of feed restriction on growth and slaughter performance, intestinal morphology, and blood biochemical indices of Minxinan black rabbits were evaluated in this study. Rabbits in group A (control group) had ad libitum intake, while those in feed restriction groups (groups B, C, and D) were restricted to 80% of the average daily feed intake (ADFI) of group A the day before. The rabbits in group B were fed once per day at 8:00 am. Rabbits in groups C and D were fed twice per day at 8:00 am (50%) and 4:00 pm (50%) and 8:00 am (30%) and 4:00 pm (70%), respectively. The experimental period lasted for 8 weeks. Compared to that in group A, the diarrhea rate of group C was significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the ADFI, feed conversion ratio, abdominal fat weight, abdominal fat rate, total protein, albumin, globulin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), low-density lipoprotein, and intestinal crypt depth of all feed restriction groups were significantly reduced (P < 0.01). Feed conversion ratio in group D was significantly better than that in groups B and C (P < 0.05). The efficiency index (EI) of groups C and D was higher than that of groups A and B (P < 0.01). Triglyceride levels in groups C and D were significantly lower than those in group A. The villus length to crypt depth of the duodenum and jejunum in group D was significantly higher than that in group A (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the following parameters can be improved by feed restriction: feed conversion ratio, diarrhea rate, abdominal fat rate, serum ALT, lipid indices and intestinal health of Minxinan black rabbits, and the EI of the farm. Feeding twice per day, 30% at 8:00 am and 70% at 4:00 pm, had the best comprehensive effects.