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According to recent studies on the benefits of natural polymer-based hydrogels in biomedical applications, gellan gum (GG)/acacia gum (AG) hydrogel was prepared in this study. In order to regulate the mechanical behavior of the hydrogel, graphite carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) was included in the hydrogel matrix. In addition, metal oxide nanoparticles ZnCuFe 2 O 4 were added to the composite for antibacterial activity. The prepared GG–AG hydrogel/g-C 3 N 4 /ZnCuFe 2 O 4 nanobiocomposite was characterized by using FE-SEM, FTIR, EDX, XRD and TGA. The nanobiocomposite exhibited spherical morphology, which was related to the incorporation of the metal oxide nanoparticles. GG–AG hydrogel/g-C 3 N 4 /ZnCuFe 2 O 4 nanobiocomposite showed 95.11%, 92.73% and 88.97% biocompatibility toward HEK293T cell lines within 24 h, 48 h and 72 h incubation, respectively, which indicates that this nanobiocomposite is completely biocompatible with healthy cells. Also, the nanobiocomposite was able to inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm growth on its surface up to 87%. Rheological studies showed that the nanobiocomposite has a viscoelastic structure and has a water uptake ratio of 93.2%. In comparison with other similar studies, this nanobiocomposite has exhibited superior antibacterial activity complete biocompatibility and proper mechanical properties, high swelling and water absorption capability. These results indicate that GG–AG hydrogel/g-C 3 N 4 /ZnCuFe 2 O 4 nanocomposite can be considered as a potential candidate for biomedical applications such as tissue engineering and wound healing.

The rapid increase in global cooling demand, particularly in regions with high solar potential, has emphasized the urgent need for sustainable and electricity‑independent refrigeration technologies. In response to this challenge, this work proposes a novel solar‑assisted single‑effect Lithium Bromide–Water (LiBr/H₂O) absorption refrigeration system incorporating a supersonic ejector and a triple‑layer solar thermal storage unit. The design aims to maximize energy recovery and reduce operating cost through combined thermodynamic and thermoeconomic optimization. Governing mass and energy conservation equations are established and solved using the Engineering Equation Solver (EES). Energy, exergy, and cost assessments are performed for both ejector‑assisted and conventional configurations to quantify improvements in the Coefficient of Performance (COP), exergy efficiency, and component cost rate under various solar irradiation and generator temperatures. Results reveal that ejector integration enhances COP by 12.7% and exergy efficiency by 11.3%, while reducing total investment cost by 9% compared to the baseline cycle. The optimized configuration achieves coefficient of performance of 0.74 and solar coefficient of performance of 0.58 under solar irradiation of 973 W/m², confirming marked enhancements in thermodynamic efficiency, cost effectiveness, and overall system sustainability.

The prolonged setting duration of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) constitutes one of its principal limitations. In contrast, Nano Fast Cement (NFC) emerges as an innovative nanocomposite characterized by a rapid setting time. To develop an outstanding dental filler, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (NHA) were incorporated into NFC to evaluate their effects on setting time, biocompatibility, bioactivity, and antibacterial properties. Specimens containing 0, 10, and 20 weight% (W%) hydroxyapatite were subjected to assessment utilizing the MTT assay for cytotoxicity, the Gilmore needle for measuring setting time, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) for microstructural and phase analyses, as well as antibacterial evaluations against Enterococcus faecalis (PTCC 1394). Phase and microstructural investigations confirmed the formation of hydroxyapatite. The addition of 10 and 20 W% hydroxyapatite significantly improved the specimens’ bioactivity while reducing toxicity by 20%. An increase in hydroxyapatite content corresponded with a greater enhancement in bioactivity and a further reduction in toxicity. These findings indicate that the addition of NHA did not detrimentally affect the physical properties of NFC; rather, it augmented the filler’s bioactivity in vitro. Furthermore, the nanocomposite containing a higher concentration of NHA exhibited superior inhibition of E. faecalis compared to NFC in minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) (p-value < 0.001).

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a naturally occurring antioxidant that has been suggested to have beneficial effects on lipid profiles and blood pressure. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the effects of CoQ10 supplementation on these parameters in patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). To assess the impact of CoQ10 supplementation on lipid profiles and blood pressure in individuals diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes. A systematic literature search was conducted in databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to July 2024. Studies included were those that examined the effects of CoQ10 supplementation on lipid profiles (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides) and blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) in T2D patients. 16 studies were included. CoQ10supplementation reduced SBP (WMD: −3.86 mmHg, 95% CI: −6.01 to −1.71, P = 0.014, I2 = 83.7%; P < 0.001) and DBP (WMD: −2.70 mmHg, 95% CI: −4.50 to −0.91, P = 0.024, I2 = 92.1%; P < 0.001), but did not change lipid profile. Additionally, subgroup analysis indicated that the effects of CoQ10 on lipid profiles levels were more pronounced in studies where the daily dosage of CoQ10 was 100 mg or less, and the duration of the study was under 12 weeks. Coenzyme Q10 supplementation appears to have a beneficial effect on lipid profiles and may contribute to lowering blood pressure in patients with Type 2 Diabetes. These findings suggest that CoQ10 could be a valuable adjunctive therapy for managing cardiovascular risk in this population. Additional in-depth research is needed to validate these findings and understand the underlying mechanisms in more detail.

The n+CdS-nCdS-nSi+ structures were obtained and their volt-ampere characteristics at different temperatures were studied. From the dependence of the volt-ampere characteristic it is shown that the sublinear and quadratic section of these structures has a section of current growth with voltage. It is determined that the n+CdS-nCdS-nSi+structures in the current flow direction at low illumination levels work as an injection photodiode. And these structures under laser illumination with λ=0.625 μm and power P=1.2 μW/cm2 have spectral sensitivity 2042 A/W, bias voltage 10 V. At irradiation by white light with energy W=3.6-10μW∙s it has integral sensitivity ≈21 A/I’m (2310 A/W) at bias voltage U=10V.

The n + CdS-nCdS-nSi + structures were obtained, and their volt-ampere characteristics at different temperatures were studied. The dependence of the volt-ampere characteristic shows that the sublinear and quadratic section of these structures has a section of current growth with voltage. It is determined that the n + CdS-nCdS-nSi + structures in the current flow direction at low illumination levels work as an injection photodiode. And these structures under laser illumination with λ=0.625 μm and power P=1.2 µW/cm 2 have spectral sensitivity 2042 A/W, bias voltage 10 V. At irradiation by white light with energy W=3.6-10µW·s it has integral sensitivity ≈21 A/I'm (2310 A/W) at bias voltage U=10V.

Initially, 4,4'-(1,4-phenylene)di(sulfonic)pyridinium tetrachloroferrate (PDSPTCF) as a novel organic–inorganic hybrid salt was synthesized and identified by elemental mapping, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, vibrating-sample magnetometry, and thermal gravimetric (TG) techniques. Then, the catalytic performance of this hybrid salt was assessed for the producing benzo[ a ]benzo[6,7]chromeno[2,3- c ]phenazine derivatives via one-pot multicomponent domino reaction (MDR) of benzene-1,2-diamine, 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione and aldehydes under optimal conditions (70 °C, solvent-free, 5 mol% PDSPTCF) in short reaction times and high yields. Highly efficacy of the PDSPTCF for the production of benzo[ a ]pyrano[2,3- c ]phenazines can be assigned to the synergistic effect of Lewis and Brønsted acids, and having two positions of each acid (i.e., FeCl 4 ˉ and –SO 3 H). In addition, this catalyst showed good reproducibility with six cycles of recycling.

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs), including heavy metal exposures, have been associated with numerous negative pregnancy and birth outcomes. However, the association between PTE exposure and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has not yet undergone a comprehensive systematic review. Consequently, this study undertook the first-ever systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies concerning this association. All relevant articles published in English were searched in Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science until November 6, 2023, adhering to the MOOSE guidelines. The quality of retrieved studies was evaluated based on the Gascon et al . method. The meta-analysis of association estimates was performed using random effects meta-analysis. Egger’s regression was employed to evaluate publication bias. In total, 16 articles ( n  = 116,728 participants) were included in our review, with 11 eligible for meta-analysis. Quality assessment categorized five studies (31%) as excellent, nine studies (56%) as good, and two studies (13%) as fair. Maternal high levels of Hg during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of GDM (for each one-quartile increase in Hg: 1.20, 95% CI 1.08, 1.31), while serum Cd levels during the second trimester were associated with a lower risk of GDM (for each one-quartile increase in Cd: 0.76, 95% CI 0.65, 0.87). Furthermore, exposure to Pb was not associated with higher risk of GDM. In summary, our comprehensive review and meta-analysis underscore the possible negative influence of Hg exposure on GDM.

— n Si– p CdTe heterostructures have been produced by growing a p CdTe layer on an n Si substrate using thermal evaporation in vacuum at a residual pressure of 10 –3 Pa. We have studied the elemental concentration depth profiles across the p CdTe layer and obtained current–voltage curves and spectral characteristics of the n Si– p CdTe heterostructures.

Heterojunction between Si and CdSxTe1-x have been obtained by vacuum deposition of powders of cadmium sulfide and cadmium telluride on the surface of monocrystalline silicon. The optimal temperature regime for the growth of the CdSxTe1-x solid solution on the silicon surface has been determined. The values of the crystal lattice constant and the thickness of the CdSxTe1-x solid solution at the interface of the n/Si − n/ CdSxTe1-x heterostructure are calculated.