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This study aimed to evaluate the associations between the level of compliance with preventive measures during the COVID-19 pandemic and sociodemographic characteristics and personality traits in Türkiye. The data of this cross-sectional study was collected in February – March 2022, during the fourth wave of the pandemic in Türkiye. A total of 1228 individuals participated in the study via online questionnaire. The COVID-19 Prevention Guidelines Compliance Scale (C-PGC) was used to evaluate adherence to COVID-19 prevention measures, while the Ten-Item Personality Inventory was used to assess personality traits. Of the participants, 57.7% were women, and the median age was 50 years. The majority were university graduates (55.6%), married (61.5%), and resided in an urban center (82.4%). The multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures was higher among females (β=2.535, p

Background: Immunization in the elderly population is critical due to the high frequency of health outcomes related to COVID-19. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness levels of COVID-19 vaccine schedules in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection in the older adult group who received at least one booster dose. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Methods: This study evaluated 8969 adults aged 65 and over in the Sultanbeyli district of İstanbul. COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction testing data between January 14, 2021 and December 2, 2022 were obtained from the National Public Health Management System. Results: The median age of participants was 71 years. The vaccines were mostly administered as CoronaVac for the first and second doses (81.4% and 82.2%, respectively) and BNT162b2 for the third and fourth doses (61.8% and 73.1%, respectively). Turkovac was administered only in booster doses (third dose 0.6%, fourth dose 4.8%). The adjusted relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) was found to be 61.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 51.5–69.9) in two doses of inactivated vaccine and one dose of mRNA vaccine schedule compared to the homolog booster of CoronaVac primary vaccine schedule. In two booster doses receipts, the adjusted rVE was found to be 45.4% (95% CI 13.8–65.4) in three doses of inactivated and one dose mRNA vaccine schedule and 43.0% (95% CI 20.5–59.2) in two doses of inactivated and two doses of mRNA vaccines schedule compared to the two homolog boosters with CoronaVac primary vaccine schedule. Conclusion: In this study, the effectiveness of the mRNA vaccine as a booster dose was higher than that of the homologous boosters in participants receiving the CoronaVac primary series for those aged 65 and over.

Considering the high prevalence of sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) in asthmatic patients, we aimed to compare asthmatic children and healthy children in terms of SRBD according to Paediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) scores. A questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics of the patients and the PSQ, which evaluates sleep quality and consists of 22 questions, was administered. During the data collection process, 180 patients in the patient group and 170 patients in the control group were included. The patient group showed statistically significantly higher total scores and subscale scores for snoring, sleepiness, and inattention compared to the control group. Statistically significant correlations were found between the sleepiness subscale and body mass index z score in a negative direction and between age at presentation and duration of asthma in a positive direction. Our findings endorse employing the PSQ as a screening instrument in the outpatient environment to ensure timely referral of asthma patients to a sleep specialist for SRBD evaluation. Considering the widespread occurrence of snoring and asthma, this tool could aid in identifying patients with an elevated risk of SRBD and expedite the scheduling of nocturnal polysomnography for these children.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the clinical value of inflammation-related markers in pediatric asthma and to explore how these parameters are associated with the development of allergic conditions.Methods: In this retrospective analysis, 2028 children diagnosed with asthma (0–18 years) who were evaluated at the Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Clinic, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, between January 1, 2023, and January 1, 2024, were included. Information regarding demographic features, clinical asthma findings, coexisting allergic rhinitis, medications, allergen sensitization profiles, and laboratory data—such as complete blood count parameters, serum total IgE levels, and skin prick test outcomes—was extracted from medical records. Inflammation-related hematologic ratios, including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), were computed. All statistical procedures were conducted using SPSS software (version 25.0).Results: Of the 2028 patients, 64.3% were diagnosed with AR, and 39.9% showed allergen sensitization, predominantly to house dust mite, cat dander, and pollen. Patients with allergen sensitization exhibited significantly higher total IgE, eosinophil counts, and inflammatory indices. Those with AR also had elevated IgE and eosinophil levels, with higher inflammatory indices (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Asthma frequently coexists with allergic rhinitis in children. Sensitization to common allergens is common, and inflammatory markers such as total IgE, eosinophil count, NLR, SIRI, and PLR may serve as useful indicators of disease severity and allergic inflammation. These parameters may contribute to more effective evaluation and management of pediatric asthma.

AimChildhood cancer survival has improved significantly with advances in multimodal treatment. However, treatment-related long-term side effects, including dental developmental abnormalities, remain a concern. The aim of this study was to investigate permanent tooth development and associated risk factors in childhood cancer survivors who were treated before the age of six years, focusing on non-leukemia cases.Materials and MethodsThis study was conducted on childhood cancer cases treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy at a single center. Patients diagnosed before the age of six and who were twelve or above at the time of assessment were included. Dental examinations, including Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth index and radiographic assessments, were performed. Statistical analyses were performed in order to identify associations between treatment modalities and dental findings.ResultsOf 914 patients, 90 met the inclusion criteria, with 35 participating in this study. The mean age at diagnosis was four years, with a mean follow-up duration of ten years. Root shortening, hypoplasia, and hypodontia were observed to be common dental anomalies. There was a significant association between alkylating agents, vinca alkaloid plus alkylating agents and root shortening (p<0.001, p<0.001). No significant differences in dental findings were found based on gender, tumor site, or other treatment modalities (p<0.05). As the age at diagnosis increased, the risk of root shortening (p=0.026) and the frequency of hypodontia significantly increased with the duration after diagnosis (p=0.048).ConclusionChildhood cancer survivors treated during early dentition periods are at risk of dental developmental anomalies, with alkylating agents showing the most significant impact. This emphasizes the necessity of providing these patients and their families with information on the importance of maintaining oral and dental health during and after cancer treatment.

Purpose Children under 3 years old represent a notable portion, about 25 to 30%, of all central nervous system tumor (CNS) cases. Their clinical course, prognosis, and treatment significantly differ from older children. This single-center retrospective study aims to comprehensively analyze survival factors in children under three diagnosed with CNS tumors. Methods Between April 2012 and December 2023, cases under 3 years of age with CNS tumors diagnosed at our center were retrospectively evaluated. Results Among 279 CNS tumor cases, 42 (15%) were evaluated. The 5-year overall and event-free survival rates were 67.4% (95% CI 47.5–81.1) and 39.8% (95% CI 24.2–55.0), respectively. Gender, symptom onset to diagnosis time, pathological neurological findings at diagnosis, and tumor location did not significantly impact survival ( p  > 0.05). However, cases with neurological symptoms showed significantly higher event-free survival rates ( p  < 0.05). Patients with embryonal tumors, metastases, inability for total surgical excision, relapsed/progressive diseases, and who under 1 year old had significantly lower survival rates ( p  < 0.05). Radiotherapy timing did not affect survival ( p  > 0.05). Event-free survival rates remained unchanged after the third year. Conclusion The current treatments have been observed to have a positive impact on survival rates. Nonetheless, there is a need for novel treatments for patients with embryonal tumors, metastases, aged under 1 year, and those where total surgical excision is not feasible or in cases with progressive/relapse disease. This study underscores the importance of the first 3 years regarding relapse, progression, or mortality risk.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of probable depression and probable anxiety in early postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with early postpartum women who applied to a maternity hospital to give birth in Turkey between March-June 2021. Women aged 19-45 years, with 23–42 weeks of gestation, with a singleton pregnancy, and negative for the SARSCoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test were included in the study. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess the presence of probable depression (HADS depression score >7) and probable anxiety (HADS anxiety score >10). The associations between women’s sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics and depression and anxiety were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: A total of 450 women were included in the study. Of these, 50.2% (n=226) had probable depression, and 28% (n=126) had probable anxiety. Multivariate analysis revealed that while perceived poor income level increased the odds for the presence of probable depression, unintended pregnancy, anemia, and SARS-CoV2 infection during pregnancy were associated with probable anxiety. Conclusion: The presence of probable depression and probable anxiety were considerably high among women who had given birth during the pandemic. This study identified the most vulnerable groups in terms of mental health problems among women who were in the early postpartum period during the pandemic. It is essential to develop strategies to prevent and control the mental health problems of these risk groups for future emergency health crises.

Uyku; sağlığın korunması, iyi bir yaşam kalitesi ve gün boyunca iyi bir performans için önemli olan temel bir ihtiyaçtır. Uyku bozuklukları, başta uykusuzluk bozuklukları ve obstrüktif uyku apnesi olmak üzere, toplumda yaygın olarak görülürler. Kronik uyku bozukluklarının uzun dönem kümülatif etkileri; mental problemler, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, diyabet, obezite ve depresyon gibi pek çok olumsuz sağlık sonucu ile ilişkilidir. Uyku problemleri; yol açtığı bu sonuçlar nedeniyle, koruyucu hekimlik açısından ciddiye alınmalıdır. Bununla birlikte; prevalansının yüksekliğine ve ciddi sağlık sonuçları olmasına rağmen, toplumda uyku bozukluğu olan bireylerin yalnızca %20’si doğru tanı ve tedavi alabilmektedir. Bu sebeple, uyku problemlerinin sonuçları; mortalite ve morbidite hızları, kazalar, yaralanmalar ve sağlık hizmetlerinin kullanımı gibi birçok halk sağlığı göstergesini etkiler. Epidemiyolojik çalışmalar, uyku sorunlarının tanınması ve danışmanlık hizmeti verilmesinin önündeki engeller arasında; zaman yetersizliği, uyku sorunlarının hastalar tarafından hekimlerine daha az bildirilmesi, uyku bozukluklarının ciddi olmadığına dair yanlış kanılar ve hekimlerdeki farkındalık ve bilgi eksiklikleri olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu derlemede; toplumda yaygın görülen uyku bozukluklarının değerlendirilmesi için, birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinde kullanılabilecek tarama araçları sunulmuştur. 

Objective:Nosocomial infections are an important preventable cause of increased morbidity and mortality in critically ill children. Our study compared the clinical features, laboratory data, and prognostic variables of nosocomial infections (NI) in children in the tertiary pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).Methods:A retrospective evaluation of 48 pediatric patients aged 1 month to 18 years who had been admitted between February 2022 and January 2023 at University of Health Sciences Türkiye, Sancaktepe Şehit Prof. Dr. İlhan Varank Training and Research Hospital was performed. Children with NI were included. Demographic clinical and outcome data were analyzed.Results:Twenty-seven patients (56.3%) were males. The median age was 32 months, and the length of stay in the PICU was 25 days (7-114). Respiratory diseases (50%) were the most common reasons for admission to the PICU, followed by sepsis (22.9%) and trauma (12.5%). The mortality rate was 18.8%. The requirement for renal replasman treatment was significantly higher in the non-survival group (p=0.017). Patients had similar prolonged PICU stay rates and requirements of mechanical ventilation, plasma exchange, and inotropic agents (p=0.472, p=0.320, p=0.432, p=0.068). Procalcitonin (PCT) (p=0.015), and procalcitonin/albumin ratio (PAR) (p=0.016) were also higher in the non-survival group than those in the survival group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to predict mortality with PCT and PAR. According to ROC analysis, the cut-off values for PCT and PAR were found to be 1.705 (p=0.015), and 0.538 (p=0.016) respectively.Conclusion:Risk factors that cannot be changed, such as the underlying disease, should be considered in patients. Other modifiable risk factors for NIs will likely be the focus of efforts to enhance patient care.

Objective: Nosocomial infections are an important preventable cause of increased morbidity and mortality in critically ill children. Our study compared the clinical features, laboratory data, and prognostic variables of nosocomial infections (NI) in children in the tertiary pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Methods: A retrospective evaluation of 48 pediatric patients aged 1 month to 18 years who had been admitted between February 2022 and January 2023 at University of Health Sciences Turkiye, Sancaktepe Jehit Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank Training and Research Hospital was performed. Children with NI were included. Demographic clinical and outcome data were analyzed. Results: Twenty-seven patients (56.3%) were males. The median age was 32 months, and the length of stay in the PICU was 25 days (7-114). Respiratory diseases (50%) were the most common reasons for admission to the PICU, followed by sepsis (22.9%) and trauma (12.5%). The mortality rate was 18.8%. The requirement for renal replasman treatment was significantly higher in the non-survival group (p=0.017). Patients had similar prolonged PICU stay rates and requirements of mechanical ventilation, plasma exchange, and inotropic agents (p=0.472, p=0.320, p=0.432, p=0.068). Procalcitonin (PCT) (p=0.015), and procalcitonin/albumin ratio (PAR) (p=0.016) were also higher in the non-survival group than those in the survival group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to predict mortality with PCT and PAR. According to ROC analysis, the cut-off values for PCT and PAR were found to be 1.705 (p=0.015), and 0.538 (p=0.016) respectively. Conclusion: Risk factors that cannot be changed, such as the underlying disease, should be considered in patients. Other modifiable risk factors for NIs will likely be the focus of efforts to enhance patient care. Keywords: Culture, nosocomial infection, organ dysfunction, pediatrics, sepsis Amac: Nozokomiyal enfeksiyonlar (NE), kritik hasta cocuklarda artmis morbidite ve mortalitenin onlenebilir onemli bir nedenidir. Calismamiz, ucuncu basamak cocuk yogun bakim unitesindeki (CYBU) cocuklarda NE'lerin klinik ozelliklerini, laboratuvarverilerini ve prognostik degiskenlerini karsilastirdi. Gerec ve Yontem: Subat 2022 ve Ocak 2023 tarihleri arasinda Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi, Sancaktepe Sehit Prof. Dr. ilhan Varank Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi'ne basvuran 1 ay-18 yas arasi 48 cocuk hastanin retrospektif degerlendirmesi yapildi. NE olan cocuklar dahil edildi. Demografik veriler, klinik degiskenler ve sonuc verileri analiz edildi. Bulgular: Yirmi yedi hasta (%56,3) erkekti. Ortanca yas 32 aydi ve CYBU'de kalis suresi 25 gundu (7-114). En sik basvuru nedeni solunum yolu hastaliklari (%50) olurken, bunu sepsis (%22,9) ve travma (%12,5) takip etti. Mortalite orani %1 8,8 idi. Renal replasman tedavisi gereksinimi sag kalamayan grupta anlamli olarak daha yuksekti (p=0,017). Hastalarin benzeruzamis CYBU kalis oranlari ve mekanik ventilasyon, plazma degisimi ve inotropik ajan gereksinimleri vardi (p=0,472, p=0,320, p=0,432, p=0,068). Prokalsitonin (PCT) (p=0,015) ve prokalsitonin/albumin orani (PAR) (p=0,016) da yasamayan grupta yasayan gruba gore daha yuksekti. PCT ve PAR ile mortaliteyi tahmin etmek icin alici isletim karakteristik (ROC) egrileri kullanildi. ROC analizine gore PCT ve PAR icin cut-off degerleri sirasiyla 1,705 (p=0,015) ve 0,538 (p=0,016) olarak bulundu. Sonuc: Hastalarda altta yatan hastalik gibi degistirilemeyen risk faktorleri goz onunde bulundurulmalidir. NE'ler icin diger degistirilebilir risk faktorleri, muhtemelen hasta bakimini iyilestirme cabalarinin odak noktasi olacaktir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kultur, nozokomiyal enfeksiyon, organ disfonksiyonu, pediatri, sepsis