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Radioxenon isotopes measured at radionuclide stations of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty’s (CTBT) International Monitoring System (IMS) may indicate releases from underground nuclear explosions (UNEs) but are often caused by emissions from nuclear facilities. Characterization of CTBT-relevant nuclear events may use the evolution of isotopic activity ratios over time, which goes from the release of an assumed UNE, through atmospheric transport, to sample collections and measurements. A mathematical approach is presented to discuss the characterization of the spatial and temporal relationships between a nuclear explosion and radioxenon measurements. On the one hand, activity concentrations at an IMS station are estimated by using the assumed release scenario regarding a UNE and atmospheric transport modelling. On the other hand, the activities collected in the samples are determined by spectral analysis first and the activity concentrations in the air passing over the IMS station are estimated under an assumption of constant concentration during sampling. The isotopic ratios of activities released from the UNE are related to the isotopic ratios of activity concentrations in the plume of air crossing the IMS station, resulting in a function of the isotopic activity ratio over the time from detonation to sample measurement. The latter is used for discrimination of a nuclear test and estimation of the time of detonation, such as a four radioxenon plot of the activity ratio relationship of 135Xe/133Xe versus 133mXe/131mXe.

This paper presents an intensive-care acquisition and signal processing integrated framework in the area of intensive care units. The framework includes nearly all monitored biosignals in the intensive care, along with metadata and processing results. It is structured on two basic applications, i.e., the acquisition and the database one, running in two different PCs that are connected through a local area network, facilitating real-time data exchange between them. The analytical rundown shows that the proposed framework is a serious effort to give a complete clinical condition of a patient and a form of a diagnostic analysis implement in the intensive care by taking in real-time processing.