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A bstract Magnetic flux plays an important role in compactifications of field and string theories in two ways, it generates a multiplicity of chiral fermion zero modes and it can break supersymmetry. We derive the complete four-dimensional effective action for N = 1 supersymmetric Abelian and non-Abelian gauge theories in six dimensions compactified on a torus with flux. The effective action contains the tower of charged states and it accounts for the mass spectrum of bosonic and fermionic fields as well as their level-dependent interactions. This allows us to compute quantum corrections to the mass and couplings of Wilson lines. We find that the one-loop corrections vanish, contrary to the case without flux. This can be traced back to the spontaneous breaking of symmetries of the six-dimensional theory by the background gauge field, with the Wilson lines as Goldstone bosons.

  Abbreviations: DHS, Demographic and Health Surveys; GAVI, Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation; ICD, International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems; IHP+, International Health Partnership; M&E, monitoring and evaluation; MDG, Millennium Development Goal; MICS, Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey; NHA, National Health Accounts; SDMX, Standard Data and Metadata eXchange; UNAIDS, Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS; UNFPA, United Nations Population Fund; UNICEF, United Nations Children's Fund; WHO, World Health Organization Margaret Chan is Director-General of the World Health Organization. A commonly used figure, by, for instance, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, is that 5% to 10% of program funds should be invested in data collection, monitoring, evaluation, and operational research; * Improving the efficiency of health information investments by closer collaboration between partners in support of one strong country M&E plan that covers all major disease and health programs and all data sources.\\n Increase Data Access and Use Better access to data and statistics in the public domain could generate important benefits at country and global levels by fostering collaboration and innovation in statistical and analytic methods, both for new data collection and for better use of existing data.

Abbreviations: DHS, Demographic and Health Surveys; GAVI, Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation; ICD, International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems; IHP+, International Health Partnership; M&E, monitoring and evaluation; MDG, Millennium Development Goal; MICS, Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey; NHA, National Health Accounts; SDMX, Standard Data and Metadata eXchange; UNAIDS, Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS; UNFPA, United Nations Population Fund; UNICEF, United Nations Children's Fund; WHO, World Health Organization Margaret Chan is Director-General of the World Health Organization. A commonly used figure, by, for instance, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, is that 5% to 10% of program funds should be invested in data collection, monitoring, evaluation, and operational research; * Improving the efficiency of health information investments by closer collaboration between partners in support of one strong country M&E plan that covers all major disease and health programs and all data sources. Increase Data Access and Use Better access to data and statistics in the public domain could generate important benefits at country and global levels by fostering collaboration and innovation in statistical and analytic methods, both for new data collection and for better use of existing data.

A multiplicity of quark-lepton families can naturally arise as zero-modes in flux compactifications. The flavour structure of quark and lepton mass matrices is then determined by the wave function profiles of the zero-modes. We consider a supersymmetric \\(SO(10) U(1)\\) model in six dimensions compactified on the orbifold \\(T^2/ Z_2\\) with Abelian magnetic flux. A bulk \\(16\\)-plet charged under the \\(U(1)\\) provides the quark-lepton generations whereas two uncharged \\(10\\)-plets yield two Higgs doublets. Bulk anomaly cancellation requires the presence of additional \\(16\\)- and \\(10\\)-plets. The corresponding zero-modes form vectorlike split multiplets that are needed to obtain a successful flavour phenomenology. We analyze the pattern of flavour mixings for the two heaviest families of the Standard Model and discuss possible generalizations to three and more generations.

Magnetic flux plays an important role in compactifications of field and string theories in two ways, it generates a multiplicity of chiral fermion zero modes and it can break supersymmetry. We derive the complete four-dimensional effective action for N=1 supersymmetric Abelian and non-Abelian gauge theories in six dimensions compactified on a torus with flux. The effective action contains the tower of charged states and it accounts for the mass spectrum of bosonic and fermionic fields as well as their level-dependent interactions. This allows us to compute quantum corrections to the mass and couplings of Wilson lines. We find that the one-loop corrections vanish, contrary to the case without flux. This can be traced back to the spontaneous breaking of a symmetry of the six-dimensional theory by the background gauge field, with the Wilson line as Goldstone boson.

We consider six-dimensional supergravity with Abelian bulk flux compactified on an orbifold. The effective low-energy action can be expressed in terms of N=1 chiral moduli superfields with a gauged shift symmetry. The D-term potential contains two Fayet-Iliopoulos terms which are induced by the flux and by the Green-Schwarz term canceling the gauge anomalies, respectively. The Green-Schwarz term also leads to a correction of the gauge kinetic function which turns out to be crucial for the existence of Minkowski and de Sitter vacua. Moduli stabilization is achieved by the interplay of the D-term and a nonperturbative superpotential. Varying the gauge coupling and the superpotential parameters, the scale of the extra dimensions can range from the GUT scale down to the TeV scale. Supersymmetry is broken by F- and D-terms, and the scale of gravitino, moduli, and modulini masses is determined by the size of the compact dimensions.

We find a new class of metastable de Sitter solutions in compactifications of six-dimensional supergravity motivated by type IIB or heterotic string vacua. Two Fayet-Iliopoulos terms of a local U(1) symmetry are generated by magnetic flux and by the Green-Schwarz term canceling the gauge anomalies, respectively. The interplay between the induced D-term, the moduli dependence of the effective gauge coupling, and a nonperturbative superpotential stabilizes the moduli and determines the size of the extra dimensions.

We consider six-dimensional supergravity compactified on orbifolds with Wilson lines and bulk flux. Torus Wilson lines are decomposed into Wilson lines around the orbifold fixed points, and twisted boundary conditions of matter fields are related to fractional localized flux. Both, orbifold singularities and flux lead to chiral fermions in four dimensions. We show that in addition to the standard bulk and fixed point anomalies the Green-Schwarz term also cancels the four-dimensional anomaly induced by the flux background. The two axions contained in the antisymmetric tensor field both contribute to the cancellation of the four-dimensional anomaly and the generation of a vector boson mass via the Stueckelberg mechanism. An orthogonal linear combination of the axions remains massless and couples to the gauge field in the standard way. Furthermore, we construct convenient expressions for the wave functions of the zero modes and relate their multiplicity and behavior at the fixed points to the bulk flux quanta and the Wilson lines.

We consider six-dimensional supergravity with gauge group \\(SO(10) U(1)_A\\), compactified on the orbifold \\(T^2 / Z_2\\). Three quark-lepton generations arise as zero modes of a bulk \\(16\\)-plet due to magnetic flux of the anomalous \\(U(1)_A\\). Boundary conditions at the four fixed points break \\(SO(10)\\) to subgroups whose intersection is the Standard Model gauge group. The gauge and Higgs sector consist of \"split\" \\(SO(10)\\) multiplets. As consequence of the \\(U(1)_A\\) flux, squarks and sleptons are much heavier than gauge bosons, Higgs bosons, gauginos and higgsinos. We thus obtain a picture similar to \"split supersymmetry.\" The flavor structure of the quark and lepton mass matrices is determined by the symmetry breaking at the orbifold fixed points.

Magnetic flux plays an important role in compactifications of field and string theories in two ways, it generates a multiplicity of chiral fermion zero modes and it can break supersymmetry. We derive the complete four-dimensional effective action for $\\mathcal{N}=1$ supersymmetric Abelian and non-Abelian gauge theories in six dimensions compactified on a torus with flux. The effective action contains the tower of charged states and it accounts for the mass spectrum of bosonic and fermionic fields as well as their level-dependent interactions. This allows us to compute quantum corrections to the mass and couplings of Wilson lines. We find that the one-loop corrections vanish, contrary to the case without flux. This can be traced back to the spontaneous breaking of a symmetry of the six-dimensional theory by the background gauge field, with the Wilson line as Goldstone boson.