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Objectives: This paper aimed to assess the motor performance in the Burpee Movement Program through the acceleration recorded by the Phyphox mobile app and define its relationship to strength and endurance parameters. Methods: Altogether, 15 students in physical education teaching completed the 3 × 3 min Burpee Movement Program, consisting of the repeated execution of a single burpee with maximum effort at regular intervals triggered by a sound signal. During the load phase, the intensity of the burpee and the fatigue index expressed in percentages were evaluated by means of the acceleration recorded through a mobile phone. In the second part of testing, we evaluated the performance parameters during a bench press and squat where the intensity was measured using a linear displacement transducer (Tendo Power Analyzer) and aerobic endurance was assessed with a 20 m shuttle run test (20 mSR). Results: The average intensity of the burpee ranged from 3.12 to 11.12 ms−2. The fatigue index ranged from −21.95% (which represented an increase in performance) to 33.63% (which represented a decrease in performance). The performances in the bench presses ranged from 58 to 480 W and from 175 to 696 W during the squats. The distance in the 20 m shuttle run test (20 mSR) ranged from 540 to 2000 m. The intensity of the burpee showed a significant correlation to the performances achieved in the bench presses and squats r = 0.82 and 0.79. The fatigue index showed a significant correlation to the 20 m shuttle run test (20 mSR) r = −0.67. Conclusions: These findings indicate that in, our case, the results from the Burpee Movement Program are significantly associated with the participants’ strength and endurance abilities. We recommend using BMP for the development of strength–endurance abilities, but further exploration is needed regarding the potential use of BMP as a diagnostic test.

In this research authors evaluate general physical fitness level of 606 Slovak universities students (344 boys and 262 girls). Physical fitness was evaluated with reduced Eurofit battery tests. We have available students from the Faculty of physical education and sports and from 8 different faculties. We compared these measured parameters with former Slovak population norms.  With questionnaire we learned used forms of student physical activities. Differences were evaluated with parametric un-pair t-test; we used *p<0.05, **p<0.01 significance levels.  In the contribution is shown that students of the FSPORT reached higher level of general motor performance with regard to other faculties or former populations. It seems that compulsory physical and sport education subjects on universities do not influence significantly positively physical fitness level; the same is watched with unpaid physical activities forms. Decisive role in general motor performance level increase have forms of practising physical activities in individual leisure time.

Social environment which the child comes from determines him in many spheres, including leisure activities. In the contribution we stressed on learning if school children differentiate in leisure time spending with regard on family size, parents´ employment (eventually their grant parents) and family income. Basic sample was created by 618 respondents – children parents with average age 39.9 years. Data analyse showed us that significant difference was confirmed in case of family income. This forms the prerequisite for higher volume of children movement activities. Rather surprising was result in our research that children of employed parents engage in leisure activities less than the number of unemployed parents. Also the fact that family size is not an aspect that would make children attending elementary and secondary school differentiate when choosing leisure time activities.

El objetivo de este estudio fue verificar qué metodología es más eficaz en la mejora de variables antropométricas y de fuerza: un entrenamiento con peso libre, con máquinas de musculación o con autocargas. 33 estudiantes universitarios varones realizaron un entrenamiento de fuerza dos veces por semana, durante ocho semanas, divididos en tres grupos de entrenamiento: autocargas (GEAC), máquinas de musculación (GEMM) y peso libre (GEPL). Se evaluaron las siguientes variables: índice de masa corporal (IMC), tejido magro (TM), porcentaje de grasa (% grasa), sentadilla con salto (SS), sentadilla con contramovimiento (SCM), press banca (PB), sentadilla (SQ), fuerza máxima relativa en press banca (FMR PB) y fuerza máxima relativa en sentadilla (FMR SQ). No se registraron mejoras significativas en las variables antropométricas y de fuerza en el GEAC. En el GEMM se produjeron mejoras significativas en el % grasa y en los niveles de fuerza, mientras que en el GEPL hubo mejoras significativas en el % grasa, en el TM y en los niveles de fuerza. Asimismo, el GEPL obtuvo mejoras significativas con respecto al GEMM en los siguientes test: SS, PB, SQ, FMR PB y FMR SQ. Un entrenamiento de fuerza de ocho semanas aplicado a varones en edad universitaria fue más eficaz a la hora de incrementar la fuerza y el tejido magro al realizarlo con peso libre que al efectuarlo con máquinas de musculación. La utilización de autocargas no generó mejoras cineantropométricas ni de fuerza. Sin embargo, en este último caso, no se puede descartar totalmente que la ausencia de adaptaciones se deba a las dificultades para cuantificar la intensidad de la carga.

Objective: The present study aimed to verify the effects of running-specific strength training alone, endurance training alone, and concurrent training on recreational endurance athletes’ performance and selected anthropometric parameters. Method: Thirty male recreational endurance runners were randomly assigned using a blocking technique to either a running-specific strength training group (RSSTG), an endurance training group (ETG), or a concurrent training group (CTG). RSSTG performed three strength-training sessions per week orientated to running, ETG underwent three endurance sessions per week, and CTG underwent a 3-day-per-week concurrent training program performed on non-consecutive days, alternating the strength and endurance training sessions applied to RSSTG and ETG. The training protocol lasted 12 weeks and was designed using the ATR (Accumulation, Transmutation, Realization) block periodization system. The following assessments were conducted before and after the training protocol: body mass (BM), body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), lean mass (LM), countermovement jump (CMJ), 1RM (one-repetition maximum) squat, running economy at 12 and 14 km/h (RE12 and RE14), maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), and anaerobic threshold (AnT). Results: RSSTG significantly improved the results in CMJ, 1RM squat, RE12, and RE14. ETG significantly improved in RE12, RE14, VO2max, and AnT. Finally, CTG, obtained significant improvements in BFP, LM, CMJ, 1RM squat, RE12, RE14, VO2max, and AnT. RSSTG obtained improvements significantly higher than ETG in CMJ, 1RM squat, and RE14. ETG results were significantly better than those attained by RSSTG in AnT. Moreover, CTG marks were significantly higher than those obtained by ETG in CMJ and RE14. Conclusion: Performing a 12-week concurrent training program integrated into the ATR periodization system effectively improves body composition and performance variables that can be obtained with exclusive running-specific strength and endurance training in recreational runners aged 30 to 40. Running-specific strength training enhances maximum and explosive strength and RE, whereas exclusive endurance training improves VO2max, AnT, and RE. Performing concurrent training on non-consecutive days effectively prevents the strength and endurance adaptations attained with single-mode exercise from being attenuated. The ATR periodization system is useful in improving recreational endurance athletes’ performance parameters, especially when performing concurrent training programs.

There is currently a strong scientific evidence about the negative health consequences of physical inactivity. One of the potential tools for promoting physical activity at the institutional level of the Ecological model is to create conditions and settings that would enable pupils, students and employees engage in some form of physical activity. However, physical activities as a subject are being eliminated from the study programs at Slovak universities. The purpose of the study was to find current evidence about the level of structured physical activity and health-related variables in university students in Košice. The sample consisted of 1,993 or, more precisely, 1,398 students who attended two universities in Košice. To collect data, students completed a questionnaire and were tested for body height, body weight, circumferential measures and percentage body fat. The university students did not sufficiently engage in a structured physical activity. A large number of students had either low or high values of percentage body fat and BMI and high WHR values. Our findings have shown that the research into physical activity of university students should receive more attention.

The aim of this study was to enhance the understanding of the level and development of specific movement abilities in older school aged boys through the use of movement games. Based on the mentioned research results, we can emphasize that the development of movement performance over the last 20 years is not optimal. Our research took the form of physical education experiment performed in a gymnasium that lasted for 8 weeks. The study included 38 students in experimental group and 37 students in control group. The boys underwent initial and final measurements using a test battery that included standing broad jump, sit-ups in 1 min., overhead medicine ball throw (2 kg), 50 m sprint and 12 min. run. Processing and evaluation were done with basic statistical methods (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, Fisher-Snedecor F-test, parametric t-test for dependent and independent groups) and with logical methods. The level of selected movement abilities of boys was in all test significantly lower comparing former testing of Slovak population (both 1990 and 2011). By application of movement games significantly improved results in some tests in experimental group (standing broad jump, situps in 1 minute and 50 m sprint) while in control group there were proved significant improvement in test overhead medicine ball throw and worsening in test 12 min run. From these results we can recommend the used movement games like training mean for improving explosive power, running speed and strength of trunk mussels in conditions of gymnasium school physical education lessons.

El objetivo del estudio fue contrastar la veracidad de las siguientes creencias: 1-El entrenamiento de fuerza y resistencia es incompatible. 2-El entrenamiento de fuerza limita la flexibilidad. 3-Las rutinas divididas son más eficaces que las de cuerpo entero. 4-El entrenamiento de fuerza no es útil para la pérdida de peso, o la mejora de la composición corporal. Se realizó una búsqueda en las siguientes bases de datos: ProQuest, Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect y Web of Science. Los criterios de selección fueron: a) Artículos escritos en Español o en Inglés. b) Investigaciones primarias con metodología experimental o cuasi-experimental. c) Escritos entre el año 2015 y 2019, salvo para los apartados 2 y 3, que se amplió hasta 2000 y 1990 respectivamente, debido a la escasez de publicaciones. d) La población objeto de estudio fueron adultos sanos que no practicaban deporte a nivel profesional o semiprofesional. e) Artículos que recogen exclusivamente adaptaciones logradas mediante una intervención con entrenamiento. Analizados los estudios, se pudo determinar que en adultos sanos: 1- El entrenamiento de fuerza y resistencia es compatible. 2- El entrenamiento de fuerza no deteriora la flexibilidad, y podría incluso mejorarla. 3- En virtud de los estudios existente, las rutinas divididas y las de cuerpo entero son igualmente eficaces para incrementar la fuerza. Las rutinas de cuerpo entero podrían generar mayor hipertrofia muscular. 4- El entrenamiento de fuerza es eficaz en la mejora de la composición corporal, y podría tener un impacto positivo en biomarcadores cardiovasculares y metabólicos.Abstract. The purpose of the study was to verify the veracity of the following beliefs: 1-Resistance and endurance training are incompatible. 2-Resistance training reduces flexibility. 3-Split body routines are more effective than full-body routines. 4-Resistance training is not useful neither in weight loss programs, nor to change body composition. The following databases were searched: ProQuest, Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect and Web of Science. The selection criteria were: a) Articles written in Spanish or in English b) Primary research following an experimental or quasi-experimental methodology c) Written between 2015 and 2019, except for section 2 and 3, which was extended until 2000 and 1990 respectively, due to the shortage of publications d) The target population of study were healthy adults who did not practice sports at the professional or semi-professional level e) Papers which include only adaptations achieved through training interventions. Once the studies were analyzed, it was concluded that in healthy adults: 1-The combination of resistance and endurance training is compatible. 2- Strength training does not decrease flexibility, and it could even improve it. 3- On the basis of existing studies, split and full-body routines are equally effective in improving strength. Full-body routines could generate higher muscle hypertrophy. 4- Strength training is effective in improving body composition, and could make a positive impact on cardiovascular and metabolic biomarkers.

In the sport performance structure of table tennis is sensor motor reaction time one of the most important factors for reaching top-level results, both in males and females groups. In this research we watched 23 female table tennis players from Slovakia; 9 mini cadets (12-13 years), 6 cadets (14-15 years) and 8 juniors (16-18 years). Girls were tested by modified agility test for table tennis players (Vacenovsky & Vencurik, 2013) with machine FITRO Agility check. Thus we gained their sensor motor reaction times. By Mann-Whitney U-test we studied differences between age categories, upper and lower extremities, dominant (forehand) and un-dominant (backhand) side, right and left-handed players. We used significance level p<0.05. In our research we did not confirm expected results that the older groups have shorter sensor motor reaction time. We also expected shorter reaction time of upper extremities comparing lower extremities; this was confirmed, though there was found statistical significant difference only in juniors group. Groups of mini-cadets and cadets have better (shorter) sensor motor reaction time from backhand side, while group of junior is better from forehand side. We also confirmed that left-handed players have slightly shorter reaction time.

In the contribution authors explain kinetic parameter changes in supra-maximal running speed and compare them with parameters in maximal running speed. For learning these parameters there is used special apparatus Locomometer and for supra-maximal speed reach is used appliance Speedy. In the research were involved (n = 57) Slovak and Slovenian male sprinters. The sport performance level of them was from 10.90 - 11.67 s and age of them was 17 - 31 years. Authors found by long-term research that usable supra-maximal speed in praxis is 105 - 108% of individual maximal running speed and this represent pulling force 20 - 40 N. They show the possibility how it can be performed in training process with appliance Speedy. In conclusions authors are also given recommendations for practical use in training units.