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"Selim, Samah"
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The Novel and the Rural Imaginary in Egypt, 1880-1985
The book locates questions of languages, genre, textuality and canonicity within a historical and theoretical framework that foregrounds the emergence of modern nationalism in Egypt. The ways in which the cultural discourses produced by twentieth century Egyptian nationalism created a space for both a hegemonic and counter-hegemonic politics of language, class and place that inscribed a bifurcated narrative and social geography, are examined. The book argues that the rupture between the village and the city contained in the Egyptian nationalism discourse is reproduced as a narrative dislocation that has continued to characterize and shape the Egyptian novel in general and the village novel in particular. Reading the village novel in Egypt as a dynamic intertext that constructs modernity in a local historical and political context rather than rehearsing a simple repetition of dominant European literary-critical paradigms, this book offers a new approach to the construction of modern Arabic literary history as well as to theoretical questions related to the structure and role of the novel as a worldly narrative genre.
eBook
Leukocyte count in COVID-19: an important consideration
Furthermore, the virus can lead to exaggerated inflammatory response known as cytokine storm that is characterized by increased interleukin (IL)-2, IL-7, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF), interferon-γ inducible protein 10, monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein 1-α, and tumor necrosis factor-α. [...]from the previous evidence, the following points should be taken in consideration: Funding Not applicable Availability of data and materials Not applicable Ethics approval and consent to participate Not applicable Consent for publication Not applicable Competing interests Not applicable AbbreviationsWHO World Health OrganizationSARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2COVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019ACE Angiotensin-converting enzymeIL InterleukinGCSF Granulocyte colony-stimulating factorARDS Acute respiratory distress syndromeNLR Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio Publisher’s Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Journal Article
INTERVIEW: SAMAH SELIM
Q: Literary history, be it national, local, or regional, is perhaps the most conservative form of literary study, with many claiming that the method is outmoded. What can literary histories do to overcome both the risk of obsolescence and their inherent conservatism?A:I don’t think anyone really does traditional, canon-based literary history anymore in the wake of late 20th century post-structuralist and new historicist approaches. In the 21st century there has been a broad move away from national paradigms of literary history towards systems theory and comparativist methodologies that foreground the horizontal circulation of texts across linguistic and/or spatial and temporal borders, and hence work to undermine both the Eurocentrism and elitism embedded in comparative and national literary studies. World literature studies and translation studies have been the fields most implicated in this renovation of literary history. Narratology and comparative poetics offer useful tools for examining the history of traveling genres. Fabulous new collaborative initiatives like OCCT’s Prismatic Translation project deploy the translated work of literature as the productive site of multiple literary histories plotted across diverse geographies, languages and traditions. Moreover, in my own work overall I am very much inclined to agree with critics like Eric Hayot that a concern with the present should frame the way we go about investigating the past.
Journal Article
Diagnostic yield of different ultrasound-guided biopsy procedures in mediastinal lymphadenopathy: an accessibility-based triage pathway
Background
Mediastinal lymph node evaluation can be performed using several techniques. Imaging modalities such as positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET‑CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) provide relatively high sensitivity in detecting mediastinal disease. Mediastinoscopy remains the gold standard for diagnosing mediastinal lesions, though it carries intraoperative and postoperative risks. Ultrasound (US) offers two distinct advantages: it can be integrated into endoscopic procedures and allows real‑time sampling of mediastinal lesions.
Aim
To evaluate the diagnostic yield of three ultrasound guided biopsy procedures applied along an accessibility-based triage pathway in patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy,
Methods
This prospective, interventional, exploratory observational study that was conducted at the chest diseases department faculty of Medicine, Cairo University. Seventy-nine consecutively enrolled adult patients with CT-confirmed mediastinal were allocated to one of three biopsy modalities based on anatomical accessibility (not by randomization): CUSB (
n
= 24, accessible cervical nodes), TUSB (
n
= 31, accessible parasternal mediastinal nodes), or CP-EBUS (
n
= 24, no nodes accessible by surface ultrasound).
Results
A definitive diagnosis was achieved in 74 of 79 cases; 5 required further surgical intervention. Within each accessibility-defined subset: CUSB sensitivity 95.83% (95% CI: 79.8–99.3%); TUSB sensitivity 100% (95% CI: 89.0-100%); CP-EBUS sensitivity 83.33% (95% CI: 64.1–93.3%). For malignancy diagnosis across all modalities: sensitivity 92.31% (95% CI: 83.2–96.7%), specificity 100%, PPV 100%, NPV 73.68% (95% CI: 51.2–88.2%), overall accuracy 93.67% (95% CI: 86.0-97.3%). These results represent a modality specific yields within distinct patient subsets and should not be interpreted as head-to-head performance comparisons.
Conclusions
In this exploratory study, ultrasound-guided biopsy demonstrated high diagnostic yield in the three modalities. These findings are hypothesis-generating;
Journal Article
Detection of airway protective level of the cough reflex in acute stroke patients
BackgroundThe most common respiratory complications in cerebrovascular strokes were respiratory infection, pulmonary edema, acute lung injury (ALI) acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and pulmonary embolism (PE). The inhalation cough challenge facilitates the quantification of cough.ObjectivesTo detect the level of cough reflex that is enough to protect against respiratory infection in stroke patients, and to identify predictors of post-stroke respiratory infection.Patients and methodsOne hundred and one of cerebrovascular stroke patients were assessed in the first week of symptoms by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) Arabic version, Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability (MASA), cough challenge test, cough flow meter, and A2DS2 score. Then, follow up after 1 week.ResultsPost-stroke respiratory infection was higher in older patients and those who were not working. Respiratory infection was significantly associated with high A2DS2 and NIHSS score (p value < 0.001). A highly significant increase in the levels of the inflammatory markers was detected in patients with a respiratory infection. Eighty percent of stroke patients with no cough developed a respiratory infection. The Mann total scores and the peak cough flow were lower in patients who had a respiratory infection.ConclusionPreserved cough reflex is essential in preventing aspirations and consequent respiratory infections.
Journal Article
Serum level of transforming growth factor-beta1 in major idiopathic interstitial pneumonia
Background
Different inflammatory cytokines play a role in the mechanism and pathogenesis of fibrosis in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP). Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) has become a subject of interest. The aim
of the work
is to measure the serum level of TGF-β1 in different forms of major IIP and to find out its relation to the patients
’
clinical and arterial blood gases’ parameters.
Results
The patients’ group showed significant elevation of serum level of TGF-β1 in comparison with the control group (
P
value < 0.001). In patients with IPF, the serum level of TGF-β1 was not significantly increased compared to patients with other forms of major IIP (mean ± SD = 300 ± 84.52 versus 340 ± 131.20 pg/ml,
P
value = 0.32). There was an inverse negative correlation between the age and serum level of TGF-β1 (
r
= − 0.39;
P
= 0.03). An inverse non-significant correlation was found between the serum level of TGF-β1 and the dyspnoea score (
r
= − 0.30,
P
= 0.11). However, there was a significant positive correlation between the serum level of TGF-β1 and the distance of 6-MWT (
r
= 0.44;
P
= 0.02). It was also found that there was a positive correlation between the serum level of TGF-β1 and both arterial oxygen pressure (PaO
2
) (
r
= 0.39,
P
= 0.03) and arterial oxygen saturation (
r
= 0.33,
P
= 0.07).
Conclusion
Serum level of TGF-β1 is elevated in patients with IIP and it positively correlated to both 6-MWD and PaO
2
. Further larger studies are needed to evaluate its prognostic value.
Journal Article