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As a Board of Education member who has worked closely with Wilson Riles, I was shocked and dismayed at your failure to endorse him for superintendent of public instruction. (\"Honig for Superintendent,\" editorial, Oct. 17).

Whatever the reason, I am totally behind Larry Brown's decision removing Kenny Fields from the team. As coach, this is his perogative. Being an avid UCLA fan, I am disappointed that a fine student-athlete will no longer be part of the Bruin program. However, I have one question. Kenny Fields, being a freshman, would have had three more years of eligibility. Does Larry Brown plan to stay for the next three years?

How much longer are we going to take this deliberate cold-blooded carnage (\"Rising Tide of Violence Shocks City,\" Times, Dec. 16)? When are we going to raise our voices to bring about laws to protect society and give real punishment to fit these horrible murders commit-...

I was greatly offended by your editorial (July 28), \"A Cynical Choice,\" and Conrad's (who's the devil?) extremely sick rendition of Ronald Reagan as the devil shaking hands with his choice for a running mate. Sen. Richard S. Schweiker (R-Pa.). This is the most vicious attack I have...

Interfaces between organic electron-donating (D) and electron-accepting (A) materials have the ability to generate charge carriers on illumination. Efficient organic solar cells require a high yield for this process, combined with a minimum of energy losses. Here, we investigate the role of the lowest energy emissive interfacial charge-transfer state (CT 1 ) in the charge generation process. We measure the quantum yield and the electric field dependence of charge generation on excitation of the charge-transfer (CT) state manifold via weakly allowed, low-energy optical transitions. For a wide range of photovoltaic devices based on polymer:fullerene, small-molecule:C 60 and polymer:polymer blends, our study reveals that the internal quantum efficiency (IQE) is essentially independent of whether or not D, A or CT states with an energy higher than that of CT 1 are excited. The best materials systems show an IQE higher than 90% without the need for excess electronic or vibrational energy. The efficiency of organic blends used for photovoltaic applications depends on their ability to convert photoexcited charges into free holes and electrons. It is now demonstrated that the lowermost energetic states formed at the donor/acceptor interface can reach conversion efficiencies close to 100%, and therefore do not behave as traps for charge carriers.