Explore the vast range of titles available.

Higher intakes of Na may contribute to weight gain. The primary aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the relationship between dietary Na intake and measures of adiposity in children and adults. Given the previous link between Na intake and the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), which are a known risk factor for obesity, a secondary aim examining the relationship between Na intake and SSB consumption was assessed. A systematic literature search identified cross-sectional and longitudinal studies and randomised controlled trials (RCT) which reduced dietary Na (≥3 months). Meta-analysis was performed for outcomes with ≥3 studies. Cross-sectionally higher Na intakes were associated with overweight/obesity in adults (five studies; n 11 067; OR 1·74; 95 % CI 1·43, 2·13) and in children (three studies; n 3625, OR 3·29; 95 % CI 2·25, 4·80), and abdominal obesity (five studies; n 19 744; OR 2·04; 95 % CI 1·72, 2·42) in adults. Overall, associations remained in sensitivity analyses which adjusted for energy. Findings from longitudinal studies were inconsistent. RCT in adults indicated a trend for lower body weight on reduced-Na compared with control diets (fifteen studies; n 5274; −0·29 kg; 95 % CI −0·59, 0·01; P = 0·06); however, it is unclear if energy intakes were also altered on reduced-Na diets. Among children higher Na intakes were associated with higher intake of SSB (four studies, n 10 329, b = 22, 16 and 26 g/d); no studies were retrieved for adults. Overall, there was a lack of high-quality studies retrieved. While cross-sectional evidence indicates Na intake was positively associated with adiposity, these findings have not been clearly confirmed by longitudinal studies or RCT.

The aim of this study was to assess the association between parent and child sodium (Na) and potassium (K) intake as assessed by 24-h urinary excretion (24hUE). Primary school children and their parent(s) provided one 24-h urine sample and information on cooking and children’s discretionary salt use. Valid urine samples were provided by 108 mothers (mean age 41.8 (5.1) (SD) years, Na 120 (45) mmol/day) (7.0 g/day salt equivalent) and 40 fathers (44.4 (4.9) years, Na 152 (49) mmol/day (8.9 g/day salt), and 168 offspring (51.8% male, age 9.1 (2.0) years, Na 101 (47) mmol/day (5.9 g/day salt). When adjusted for parental age, child age and gender a 17 mmol/day Na (1 g/day salt) increase in mother’s 24hUE was associated with a 3.4 mmol/day Na (0.2 g/day salt) increase in child’s salt 24hUE (p = 0.04) with no association observed between father and child. Sixty-seven percent of parents added salt during cooking and 37% of children added salt at the table. Children who reported adding table salt had higher urinary excretion than those who did not (p = 0.01). The association between mother and child Na intake may relate to the consumption of similar foods and highlights the importance of the home environment in influencing total dietary sodium intake.

A multidisciplinary approach to the management of tongue cancer is vital for achieving optimal patient outcomes. Nursing and allied health professionals play essential roles within the team. We developed symposia comprising a series of online lectures offering a detailed perspective on the role each discipline and consumer perspective has in the management of patients with tongue cancer. The topics, including epidemiology and prevention, diagnosis, treatment planning, surgery, adjuvant care, and the management of recurrent or metastatic disease, were thoroughly examined. The symposia highlighted the significance of fostering collaboration and continuous learning through a multidisciplinary approach. This initiative should be relevant to healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers striving to enhance patient outcomes in tongue cancer care through innovative collaboration.

VA mortgages had become rare in the New York area in the 1980s because Ginnie Mae's former limit of $144,000 applied to fewer homes as property values escalated. Only 50 VA mortgages were written in Nassau, Suffolk and Queens in 1988. Demand for VA mortgages doubled in the area last year, [Gerard J. Prizeman] said, because the residential real estate market slowed and home prices softened. He expects the increased loan limit to lead to even greater use in 1990 by the more than 525,000 veterans on Long Island and in Queens. The current interest rate for fixed-rate VA loans with no down payment is 10 percent. - Joe Catalano The free workshop will begin at 10 a.m. next Saturday in the Central Islip High School on Wheeler Road. It is sponsored by the Central Islip Civic Council and the State of New York Mortgage Agency, known as SONYMA.

Mortgage bankers originate about 24 percent of all mortgages nationwide, according to the group. Association president Willard Gourley ,said the housing market, spurred by mortgage rates below 10 percent, has improved dramatically in most cities. The assessment on Long Island is mixed. At Melville-based Midlantic Home Mortgage Corp., loan volume in June was up 50 percent to 70 percent over March, according to Louis Crispino, first vice president in charge of loan production. Crispino attributes the heightened activity to falling interest rates.

Among other things, the bill would allow first-time buyers and others who haven't owned a house for three years to use money from an Individual Retirement Account or a 401(k) savings plan as a down payment on a house. The bill also would make mortgages backed by the Federal Housing Administration available to many more people by sharply reducing the down payment required and raising the loan amounts FHA would insure. The other major provision in the bill focuses on changes in FHA-backed mortgages. Currently, the FHA cannot insure a mortgage for more than $101,250, even in cities where housing costs have soared. The drop in condo sales was steepest in the Northeast, the region with the largest condo markets, the association said. Nationwide, the sales of condos and co-ops fell 6.6 percent in the last quarter of 1988, to a seasonally adjusted 327,000 units, compared with the third quarter. In the Northeast, sales fell 16.3 percent, to 139,000 units.

  Steve Coe, 57, of Mesa, Ariz., has had back pain ever since high school. A high jumper, Coe remembers landing wrong and having trouble walking afterward. Since then a slipped disc has been a continuous problem. \"Basically I'm in pain all the time,\" Coe says. Most times it doesn't stop him from doing the things he wants -- as long as he keeps exercising and stretching. \"I walk and move pretty stiffly,\" he says. Some of that is to avoid the occasional \"zing\" he experiences -- a sensation that pierces his soul when he makes a bad move. Those zings, when the disc pushes or pinches a nerve, don't generally come when skiing or bike riding, but when doing something inconsequential. [Derek Steveson], the official rehabilitation consultant for Major League Baseball's Arizona Diamondbacks, says imbalance, brought on by repetitive movement, can be one cause of pain, but pain also can occur when the body is asked to do more than it is capable of doing, regardless of fitness level. That's why back pain affects professional athletes as well as couch potatoes.

Q: My team leader and I have had several minor misunderstandings lately concerning differences between what she thought she said and what I am sure I heard. We have a good relationship that results from working together for many years and this really bothers me because it has only begun to happen recently. Examples include a mix-up concerning the date a project was to be completed and a discrepancy over the date a meeting was to be held. Although we handled it well, it seems that over time even the best of relationships will deteriorate if frequent miscommunication continues. What can I do?

Abnormalities in sleep and circadian rhythms are central features of bipolar disorder (BP), often persisting between episodes. We report here, to our knowledge, the first systematic analysis of circadian rhythm activity in pedigrees segregating severe BP (BP-I). By analyzing actigraphy data obtained from members of 26 Costa Rican and Colombian pedigrees [136 euthymic (i.e., interepisode) BP-I individuals and 422 non–BP-I relatives], we delineated 73 phenotypes, of which 49 demonstrated significant heritability and 13 showed significant trait-like association with BP-I. All BP-I–associated traits related to activity level, with BP-I individuals consistently demonstrating lower activity levels than their non–BP-I relatives. We analyzed all 49 heritable phenotypes using genetic linkage analysis, with special emphasis on phenotypes judged to have the strongest impact on the biology underlying BP. We identified a locus for interdaily stability of activity, at a threshold exceeding genome-wide significance, on chromosome 12pter, a region that also showed pleiotropic linkage to two additional activity phenotypes.

Bipolar disorder is a highly heritable illness, associated with alterations of brain structure. As such, identification of genes influencing inter-individual differences in brain morphology may help elucidate the underlying pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BP). To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) that contribute to phenotypic variance of brain structure, structural neuroimages were acquired from family members (n = 527) of extended pedigrees heavily loaded for bipolar disorder ascertained from genetically isolated populations in Latin America. Genome-wide linkage and association analysis were conducted on the subset of heritable brain traits that showed significant evidence of association with bipolar disorder (n = 24) to map QTL influencing regional measures of brain volume and cortical thickness. Two chromosomal regions showed significant evidence of linkage; a QTL on chromosome 1p influencing corpus callosum volume and a region on chromosome 7p linked to cortical volume. Association analysis within the two QTLs identified three SNPs correlated with the brain measures.