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Background Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders represent a major public health concern, yet data from the UAE remain limited, particularly regarding histopathological trends. This study aimed to characterize the epidemiological spectrum and distribution of GI disorders reported to a tertiary care pathology center over a ten-year period. Histopathology-based surveillance offers unique insight into tissue-level patterns often missed by clinical registries. Methods A retrospective, record-based analysis of 12,688 GI-related histopathology reports was conducted from Thumbay Laboratories, UAE (2013–2023). Data was extracted using a structured checklist and analyzed in SPSS v29. Descriptive statistics and inferential tests were applied ( p  < 0.05). Results Of the 12,688 cases, 67.5% were male and 32.5% female ( p  < 0.001). Most patients were aged 21–40 years (60.3%). The stomach (29.6%), large intestine (21.2%), and appendix (20.4%) were the most affected organs. Gastritis (27.3%), intestinal conditions (20.6%), and appendicitis (20.0%) predominated. Males showed higher rates of gastritis and appendicitis, while cholecystitis was more common in females (21.4%). Appendicitis was dominant in those < 20 years (60.1%), while neoplasms and gastritis were more prevalent in older adults (≥ 61 years; p  < 0.001). Conclusion This study provides a decade-long overview of GI pathology trends in the UAE. The findings highlight age- and sex-specific patterns and support future research integrating clinical and demographic data to inform targeted public health strategies.

Abstract Fisheries and aquaculture output have exploded due to an alarming increase in consumption due to the global understanding of the nutritional advantages of fish. Inadvertently, the methods produce a massive amount of fish waste, posing a serious environmental threat. Recycling this waste has now become a major point of controversy that must be resolved. It is critical to emphasize the utility of discarded marine by-products for the creation of high-value commodities such as marine collagen (MC), which can be considered a sustainable solution. Because of its biocompatibility, biodegradability, safety, minimal immunogenicity, and low production costs, MC has various benefits over terrestrial collagen. Many academics have recently become interested in the use of MC as a scaffold. This review focuses on the intriguing contribution of MC in the production of MC-based scaffolds.

Background: Over many years, numerous products have been suggested for the relief of dentin hypersensitivity (DH). Calcium sodium phosphosilicate is one desensitizing agent that has remineralizing potential. Available in toothpaste and mouthwash delivery vehicle, this study was carried out to compare the effectiveness on dentinal hypersensitivity (using the Airblast test and Cold test) and on tooth remineralization (using DIAGNOdent pen) in a 4-week period. Materials and Methods: Out of the 45 patients screened, 28 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and who willingly signed the consent form were selected and were randomly allocated into two groups - toothpaste and mouthwash. The tooth numbers and specific site of dentinal hypersensitivity for every patient were noted and the air blast test, cold test, and DIAGNOdent scores were recorded at baseline visit. The patients were instructed about the use of the product and were asked to come on the 30th day for re-evaluation. Results: Within-group comparison showed a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the air blast score (toothpaste - 68.53% and mouth rinse - 48.52%), cold test score (toothpaste - 56.38% and mouth rinse - 38.87%), and DIAGNOdent score (toothpaste - 20.35% and mouth rinse - 9.49%). In-between group comparison showed no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Desensitizing mouthwash is as effective as toothpaste in reducing DH with a fair remineralization potential comparable with that of the toothpaste.

Purpose Breast Cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among women worldwide. The role of epigenetics as a distinct mechanism to alter gene expression in a tissue-specific manner has emerged as an important mechanism in the pathophysiology of cancer. Present study was carried out to assess the role of methylation in regulating transcription and protein expression of Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), an oncogene with parental imprinting. Methods Paraffin-embedded archival breast tumor and adjacent normal tissue samples were used for carrying out PCR-based methylation assay, genomic PCR, immunohistochemistry and Real-Time Reverse transcriptase PCR. Results A significant loss of methylation in exon 9 CpG cluster of IGF2 in breast tumor tissues was observed when compared to normal tissue (P < 0.0001). Expression of IGF2 by immunohistochemistry exhibited a mean twofold increase correlating with the hypomethylation of this specific CpG. Real-Time RT PCR showed increased transcripts in the tumor tissue supporting the IHC and methylation results. A total of 33% of tumor samples heterozygous for the ApaI IGF2 polymorphism exhibited biallelic IGF2 expression due to loss of imprinting; this was not seen in any of the normal breast tissues. Conclusions Altered methylation of exonic CpG plays an important role in the enhanced transcription/expression of IGF2 in breast tumors. Methylation analysis of exon 9 CpG can be used as a biomarker for upregulation of IGF2 in breast tumor tissue and maybe developed as a diagnostic test in future.

To obtain insights into disaster management among dental graduates in a dental institute in India. A total of 103 of 104 house surgeons in Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheswar College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Dharwad, participated in the main study (response rate = 99.04%). Their knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding disaster management were assessed by use of a survey questionnaire. Information was also collected regarding age, gender, religion, and residence. Mean knowledge, attitude, and behavior scores toward disaster management were 45.46%, 79.53%, and 37.70%, respectively. A significant relationship was observed between knowledge and attitude scores (r = 0.248, P = .012). No significant differences were found in knowledge, attitude, and behavior by gender, religion, and residence. Religion was a significant predictor of knowledge scores (χ2 = 10.108, P = .006). Respondents had favorable attitudes toward disaster management, but their knowledge and behavior required considerable improvement. Knowledge of the respondents was significantly associated with their attitude. This pilot study highlights the need for curriculum changes in dental education in India and further nationwide study.

Over many years, numerous products have been suggested for the relief of dentin hypersensitivity (DH). Calcium sodium phosphosilicate is one desensitizing agent that has remineralizing potential. Available in toothpaste and mouthwash delivery vehicle, this study was carried out to compare the effectiveness on dentinal hypersensitivity (using the Airblast test and Cold test) and on tooth remineralization (using DIAGNOdent pen) in a 4-week period. Out of the 45 patients screened, 28 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and who willingly signed the consent form were selected and were randomly allocated into two groups - toothpaste and mouthwash. The tooth numbers and specific site of dentinal hypersensitivity for every patient were noted and the air blast test, cold test, and DIAGNOdent scores were recorded at baseline visit. The patients were instructed about the use of the product and were asked to come on the 30[sup.th] day for re-evaluation. Within-group comparison showed a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the air blast score (toothpaste - 68.53 and mouth rinse - 48.52), cold test score (toothpaste - 56.38 and mouth rinse - 38.87), and DIAGNOdent score (toothpaste - 20.35 and mouth rinse - 9.49). In-between group comparison showed no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). Desensitizing mouthwash is as effective as toothpaste in reducing DH with a fair remineralization potential comparable with that of the toothpaste.