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"Shi, Bu-Yan"
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Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction Enabled by Phosphorus Doping of the Fe Electronic Structure in Iron–Nickel Selenide Nanosheets
The electronic structure of active sites is critically important for electrochemical reactions. Here, the authors report a facile approach to independently regulate the electronic structure of Fe in Ni0.75Fe0.25Se2 by P doping. The resulting electrode exhibits superior catalytic performance for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) showing a low overpotential (238 mV at 100 mA cm−2, 185 mV at 10 mA cm−2) and an impressive durability in an alkaline medium. Additionally, the mass activity of 328.19 A g−1 and turnover frequency (TOF) of 0.18 s−1 at an overpotential of 500 mV are obtained for P─Ni0.75Fe0.25Se2 which is much higher than that of Ni0.75Fe0.25Se2 and RuO2. This work presents a new strategy for the rational design of efficient electrocatalysts for OER. The precise electronic structure regulation of Fe in Ni0.75Fe0.25Se2 by P doping leads to the P─Ni0.75Fe0.25Se2 electrode with remarkable electrocatalytic activity and stability for oxygen evolution reaction (OER).
Journal Article
Design and Preparation of NiFe2O4@FeOOH Composite Electrocatalyst for Highly Efficient and Stable Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Rational design and constructing earth-abundant electrocatalysts for efficient electrocatalytic water splitting is a crucial challenge. Herein, we report a simple and efficient one-step electrochemical synthetic route of the NiFe2O4@FeOOH composite electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction. The unique morphology of the NiFe2O4 nanoflowers loaded on FeOOH nanosheets allows more active sites to be exposed and promote charge transfer as well as gas release, and the resulting electrode enables a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at a low overpotential of 255 mV with outstanding stability at a current density of 100 mA cm−2 for 300 h.
Journal Article
Design and Preparation of NiFesub.2Osub.4@FeOOH Composite Electrocatalyst for Highly Efficient and Stable Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Rational design and constructing earth-abundant electrocatalysts for efficient electrocatalytic water splitting is a crucial challenge. Herein, we report a simple and efficient one-step electrochemical synthetic route of the NiFe[sub.2]O[sub.4]@FeOOH composite electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction. The unique morphology of the NiFe[sub.2]O[sub.4] nanoflowers loaded on FeOOH nanosheets allows more active sites to be exposed and promote charge transfer as well as gas release, and the resulting electrode enables a current density of 10 mA cm[sup.−2] at a low overpotential of 255 mV with outstanding stability at a current density of 100 mA cm[sup.−2] for 300 h.
Journal Article
Adipose Tissue Plasticity: A Comprehensive Definition and Multidimensional Insight
Adipose tissue is composed of adipocytes, stromal vascular fraction, nerves, surrounding immune cells, and the extracellular matrix. Under various physiological or pathological conditions, adipose tissue shifts cellular composition, lipid storage, and organelle dynamics to respond to the stress; this remodeling is called “adipose tissue plasticity”. Adipose tissue plasticity includes changes in the size, species, number, lipid storage capacity, and differentiation function of adipocytes, as well as alterations in the distribution and cellular composition of adipose tissue. This plasticity has a major role in growth, obesity, organismal protection, and internal environmental homeostasis. Moreover, certain thresholds exist for this plasticity with significant individualized differences. Here, we comprehensively elaborate on the specific connotation of adipose tissue plasticity and the relationship between this plasticity and the development of many diseases. Meanwhile, we summarize possible strategies for treating obesity in response to adipose tissue plasticity, intending to provide new insights into the dynamic changes in adipose tissue and contribute new ideas to relevant clinical problems.
Journal Article
The ecological and evolutionary significance of seed shape and volume for the germination of 383 species on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau
Seed shape and seed volume are functionally important traits which are associated with seed germination. To study the ecological and evolutionary significance of seed shape and volume in relation to germination, a database comprising seed information for 383 species within 50 families from an alpine meadow on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau was compiled. The independent and interactive effects of seed traits on germination and whether these effects are controlled by phytogeny are discussed. The results show the following: (1) Elongated seeds had higher percentage and faster speed of germination than compact seeds whereas smaller seeds tended to have higher germinability compared to larger ones; (2) Seed volume and shape evolved together but had independent effects on seed germination. Seed volume had no significant influence on seed germination among species with compact seeds, but had a significant effect on those among species with elongated seeds; seed germination of larger seeded species was affected by seed shape, but not by seed volume. These results might be related to their predation pressure and ability to germinate from deeper soil layers. Lastly, (3) Phylogenetic conservation plays an important role in the co-evolution of seed traits and germination characteristics. Species with similarly shaped seeds on a large scale might reflect a common selective pressure, but related species within a family might be more dependent on phylogenetic conservation.
Journal Article
The heterogeneity of islet autoantibodies and the progression of islet failure in type 1 diabetic patients
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is heterogeneous in many facets. The patients suffered from type 1 diabetes present several levels of islet function as well as variable number and type of islet-specific autoantibodies. This study was to investigate prevalence and heterogeneity of the islet autoantibodies and clinical phenotypes of type 1 diabetes mellitus; and also discussed the process of islet failure and its risk factors in Chinese type 1 diabetic patients. A total of 1,291 type 1 diabetic patients were enrolled in this study. Demographic information was collected. Laboratory tests including mixed-meal tolerance test, human leukocyte antigen alleles, hemoglobin A1 c, lipids, thyroid function and islet autoantibodies were conducted. The frequency of islet-specific autoantibody in newly diagnosed T1 DM patients（duration shorter than half year） was 73% in East China. According to binary logistic regressions, autoantibody positivity, longer duration and lower Body Mass Index were the risk factors of islet failure. As the disease developed, autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase declined as well as the other two autoantibodies against zinc transporter 8 and islet antigen 2. The decrease of autoantibodies was positively correlated with aggressive beta cell destruction. Autoantibodies can facilitate the identification of classic T1 DM from other subtypes and predict the progression of islet failure. As there were obvious heterogeneity in autoantibodies and clinical manifestation in different phenotypes of the disease, we should take more factors into consideration when identifying type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Journal Article
N-cadherin prevents the premature differentiation of anterior heart field progenitors in the pharyngeal mesodermal microenvironment
The cardiac progenitor cells （CPCs） in the anterior heart field （AHF） are located in the pharyngeal mesoderm （PM）, where they expand, migrate and eventually differentiate into major cell types found in the heart, including cardio- myocytes. The mechanisms by which these progenitors are able to expand within the PM microenvironment without premature differentiation remain largely unknown. Through in silico data mining, genetic loss-of-function studies, and in vivo genetic rescue studies, we identified N-cadherin and interaction with canonical Wnt signals as a critical component of the microenvironment that facilitates the expansion of AHF-CPCs in the PM. CPCs in N-cadherin mutant embryos were observed to be less proliferative and undergo premature differentiation in the PM. Notably, the phenotype of N-cadherin deficiency could be partially rescued by activating Wnt signaling, suggesting a delicate functional interaction between the adhesion role of N-cadherin and Wnt signaling in the early PM microenviron- ment. This study suggests a new mechanism for the early renewal of AHF progenitors where N-cadherin provides ad- ditional adhesion for progenitor cells in the PM, thereby allowing Wnt paracrine signals to expand the cells without premature differentiation.
Journal Article