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Mothers who experience intimate partner violence can be resilient in maintaining employment during periods of abuse. The current qualitative study examines mothers’ experiences of abusive workplace disruptions as well as helpful responses from workplaces. Two main research questions are addressed: 1. What ways do abusive partners use issues related to children to disrupt mothers’ employment? 2. How do workplaces respond to mothers experiencing IPV? How do mothers show resilience? Mothers (n = 18) receiving services for abuse explained that abusive partners disrupted their work through compromising or withholding childcare, manipulating them through children, and jeopardizing child safety during work hours. However, mothers showed resilience when coworkers extend housing, childcare, and genuine concern for their situations. Implications for researchers, practitioners, and employers of survivors are discussed.

LGBTQ+ individuals face substance use disparities linked to minority stress. While community belongingness may buffer stress, its role is complex. This study examined divergent associations between belongingness within the LGBTQ+ community and lifetime illicit drug use versus past-year alcohol frequency among LGBTQ+ adults in Kentucky (n = 2953), a region with notably high rates of substance use. Methods: Cross-sectional online survey data were analyzed. We measured LGBTQ+ belongingness, lifetime use of cocaine/crack/heroin/methamphetamine, and past-year alcohol frequency. Logistic and linear regressions controlled for age, education, gender identity, and income. Results: Greater belongingness predicted significantly higher odds of lifetime illicit drug use (OR = 1.24) but lower past-year alcohol consumption frequency (B = −0.094). Transgender and gender expansive identity predicted significantly higher illicit drug use odds and higher alcohol frequency. Conclusions: In this Kentucky sample, LGBTQ+ belongingness showed divergent substance use associations: it was protective against frequent alcohol use but, unexpectedly, was associated with higher odds of lifetime illicit drug use. Findings highlight belongingness’s complex, context-dependent nature and the need for nuanced research and interventions considering substance type and specific vulnerabilities, particularly for TGE individuals.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a pervasive public health problem impacting millions of women, families, and employers each year. Abusive partners purposively sabotage survivors’ employment to maintain control over them. While previous scales have been developed to measure the impact of IPV on work and economic stability, the current study creates and pilot tests a technology-inclusive measurement of workplace disruptions for survivors of IPV. It was hypothesized that statistical analysis would produce subscales of poor workplace performance and employment instability. The 34-item Intimate Partner Violence and Workplace Disruptions Assessment (IPV-WDA) developed for this study is based on individual interviews with IPV survivors, consultations with expert scholars and advocates, and comparisons of items with existing measurements. The current study used item response theory (IRT-Rasch model) to develop and pilot test the IPV-WDA with a sample of intimate partner violence survivors (N = 41) who had been employed while experiencing abuse. The IPV-WDA showed unidimensionality, high reliability, and validity, as well as items that ranged from common to severe experiences. All items provided unique information on survivors’ experiences of workplace disruptions indicating they should be retained. Based on findings of overall reliable and valid performance, the technology inclusive and comprehensive IPV-WDA should be used in future research. Specifically, researchers should prioritize using it with larger samples so that individual item findings can shape the conceptualization of abusive workplace disruptions and be the target of future intervention research.

This conference poster presentation delves into the critical yet often overlooked issue of intimate partner violence (IPV) among older women. Despite its historical presence, IPV against older women aged 50 and above remains understudied, with less than 10% of IPV global data addressing this target population. Psychological IPV (IPVPA) emerges as the predominant form of IPV, significantly impacting the physical and mental well-being of older women. Through an integrated literature review, synthesizing recent IPV literature, this study aimed to illuminate the unique risk factors associated with IPVPA among older women worldwide. Utilizing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, our research identified seven pertinent articles out of an initial pool of 355 from PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Ageline databases. These articles met strict inclusion criteria focusing on women aged 50 and older, employing quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods to explore IPVA. After synthesizing the included articles, we organized the descriptive risk factors into three distinct categories: vulnerabilities, stressors, and maladaptive outcomes, providing a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted unique nature of IPVPA risk factors among older women. By meticulously evaluating existing recent research, we aim to shed light on the complexities of IPVPA and identify gaps in the literature, ultimately contributing to a more nuanced understanding of this pervasive issue. Through this presentation, we seek to raise awareness of the urgent need to address IPVPA among older women and advocate for targeted interventions and further research initiatives to better prevent IPVPA among older women.

PurposeIntimate partner violence (IPV) can have devastating socioeconomic costs for survivors. Several policies exist to support survivors’ socioeconomic stability, but little research examines their impacts. The present study investigates whether three state-level workplace protections for IPV survivors – (1) right to reasonable accommodations; (2) confidentiality; and (3) protection from discharge for abuse-related work disruptions – are associated with increased employment and housing stability in a sample of mothers who have experienced IPV.MethodData on survivors came from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study; the analytic sample was limited to mothers who had experienced IPV. State policy protections were compiled and merged with Fragile Families data in order to indicate which mothers lived in states with certain protections. Three hierarchal logistic models that nested women (N = 1,296) within states (N = 37) tested associations of living in a state with each of the protective policies with employment status and housing hardship.ResultsAll three policies were associated with increased likelihood of employment, but none related with reduced risk for housing hardship.ConclusionsReasonable accommodations, privacy protection, and protection from discharge help survivors keep their jobs. State efforts to implement widespread protections for IPV survivors offer promise for promoting socioeconomic stability, but additional policies are needed to promote stable housing.

A vast majority of survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) experience economic abuse, including but not limited to, employment sabotage. The purpose of this study is to further understand IPV by testing a technology-inclusive abuser-initiated workplace disruption measurement in an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) so that future researchers can better examine and address economic abuse. Using a sample of survivors (N = 312) employed in the nursing profession in the United States, who may be uniquely impacted by technology, we used complete data to examine experiences of abuser-initiated workplace disruptions, including those that utilized cellphones (e.g., excessive texting, harassment of coworkers, preventing educational advancement). The results revealed a two-factor structure: one containing a variety of direct and indirect workplace disruptions relevant to the nursing profession (73% of variance) and a second containing only cell-phone related harassment (9% of variance). Implications for healthcare employers seeking to protect employees from IPV, as well as policymakers, are included.

Mothers who experience intimate partner violence (IPV) are at increased risk for experiencing workplace instability in the form of absence from paid employment and job loss. In a cross-sectional study, we investigate if experiences of IPV inhibit work stability among low-income women as well as if the receipt of child care subsidies has a moderating effect on the relationship. Using data from the Illinois Families Study, we tested the relationships between IPV, work outcomes, and recipient of child care subsidies in a series of multivariate regressions. Findings indicate IPV is associated with reduced hours worked among low-income mothers and increased unemployment among low-income mothers. However, both of these relationships are moderated by receipt of child care subsidies suggesting that mothers who experience IPV can maintain employment at the same level as women not experiencing IPV with receipt of child care subsidies. Our findings indicate the importance of receiving child care subsidies among low-income mothers and support subsidy accessibility to survivors of IPV. Results of our study are limited in regard to the age of the data, the cross-sectional use of the data, and the lack of a control group that was not receiving any type of government assistance.

Women who endure intimate partner violence (IPV) are likely to experience employment instability or loss of paid work time and unemployment as a result of their abuse. When women who experience IPV, particularly those who are mothers, are impacted by employment instability they may become financially dependent on abusive partners. The current convergent mixed-methods dissertation investigated the longitudinal relationship between intimate partner violence, the unique workplace experiences of survivors, and three forms of survivors' employment instability using a convergent mixed methods design.Using a latent growth curve model, the current study investigated the impact of IPV on mothers' employment trajectories in the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing (FFCW) study over the span of eight years. Three outcomes of employment were selected for the analysis based on their use in previous literature: hours worked per week, annual weeks worked, and employment status. Unconditional growth curve models revealed that all outcomes had significant variation at time one between individuals' employment as well as a significant increase in employment over time. Conditional growth curve models revealed a significant effect of IPV on time two annual weeks worked as well as employment status, indicating that mothers were most likely to experience employment instability when they had a three-year-old child. The conditional model for employment status also revealed that IPV at time two has a six year lagged effect on employment status.Interviews with individual survivors of IPV were also conducted for this study in a large Midwestern city. Participants receiving services at a partner agency were interviewed about their experiences of employment instability, workplace disruptions (including with technology), and their perceptions of policy and practices that employers use to support employees experiencing abuse. Findings revealed that survivors suffered a range of employment instability forms (e.g. missing hours of work and forced resignation) when they were experiencing IPV. Further, technology (i.e. computers and cell phones) was used to harass nearly every participant interviewed. Survivors had constructive feedback and practical suggestions for employers based on their experiences managing employment with IPV.Findings from FFCW and individual interviews were integrated into a convergent mixed methods portion of the study. Using three forms of employment instability to create parallel (i.e. missing hours of work, losing weeks worked, and unemployment), the study expanded upon current knowledge. While there were differences between findings of missing hours of work, integrated results offer explanation to the inconsistency in related literature on employment instability types as well as duration of abuse's effect on employment. Insights for practitioners, policy makers, and future researchers are discussed.