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Within the past decade humans have transitioned from primarily living in rural areas to primarily living in urban areas (Leon 2008). As people have transitioned into living in a more urban environment, they have changed the natural landscape to better suite the needs of urban living. These changes have altered the natural hydrology leading to an increase in what was once infiltrated rainfall into rainfall runoff (Shang et. al, 2009). Consequently, flooding in urban environments has emerged as a unique anthropogenic phenomenon which requires special considerations when trying to model and map. The traditional strategy to model and map flood events has been done using one dimensional (1D) techniques. These techniques have proven to be effective in natural riverine systems (FEMA, 2016), however, in an urban 2D modeling has been shown to be more appropriate (Merwade et al. 2008). 2D models should not be considered a black box that will always provide superior results. Factors such as data quality, the Courant number, and computational power must all be considered when implementing 2D modeling techniques. If implemented correctly, the results garnered from a 2D model could provide more accurate results at a higher resolution that could serve to better inform the stakeholder interested in the model’s results. The stakeholders interested in the quality of a 2D model’s results are on the rise as the human population continues to transition into a more urbanized population.

After .8 miles, you'll reach the Fort McCook parking lot where you'll pick up the Harlan Road Trail and then hike another .5 miles down the mountain (crossing the paved Pinnacle Road twice) to the saddle of Cumberland Gap. A log footbridge takes you over Gap Creek as it tumbles out of Gap Cave, and the trail goes right by the Daniel Boone Parking Area, which features rest rooms, picnic tables, and interpretive exhibits.

Because of the distance and the climbing and descending involved, we give this hike a difficulty rating of moderate-to-strenuous. From Trillium Gap, it's a short, rocky ascent through a rhododendron tunnel to the Brushy Mountain heath bald. Because of their harsh soil conditions, heath balds are dominated by low-growing shrubs such as sand myrtle, mountain laurel and blueberry.

Jim Negus, biologist with TWRA, said there was too much flow in both the Little River and Fort Loudoun Lake for dissolved oxygen levels to drop, and that the fish were not observed struggling as would be expected during a dissolved oxygen event.

DeLozier writes about how bear management in the park evolved from simply moving nuisance bears from one place to another -- the park once moved 32 bears from the Chimneys picnic area during a three-year period -- to the realization that the main problem is people leaving garbage where bears can get to it, especially at night.

According to the Great Smoky Mountains Association's leaf color update, fall colors have arrived at the higher mountain elevations.

Last year's host was Moab, Utah, a city known for its world-class mountain biking, river rafting and rock climbing.

Because of the distance and the climbing and descending involved, we give this hike a difficulty rating of moderate-to-strenuous. From Trillium Gap, it's a short, rocky ascent through a rhododendron tunnel to the Brushy Mountain heath bald. Because of their harsh soil conditions, heath balds are dominated by low-growing shrubs such as sand myrtle, mountain laurel and blueberry.

Simon, a young Army veteran from Corryton, was taking part in Project Healing Waters Fly Fishing, a program that uses fly fishing to help rehabilitate men and women who have been emotionally or physically disabled while in the military.