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The connection between bulk and boundary thermodynamics in Einstein–Maxwell theory is well established using AdS/CFT correspondence. In the context of general higher-derivative gravity coupled to a U(1) gauge field, we examine the resemblance of the first law of thermodynamics between bulk and boundary, followed by an extended phase space description on both sides. Higher-derivative terms related to different powers of the string theory parameter α ′ emerged from a consistent truncation in the bulk supergravity action. We demonstrate that one must include the fluctuation of α ′ in the bulk thermodynamics as a bookkeeping tool to match the bulk first law and Smarr relation with the boundary side. Consequently, the Euler relation and the boundary first law are altered by adding two central charges ( a , c ) . To support our general conclusion, we consider the black hole in Gauss–Bonnet gravity and the general four-derivative theory. Finally, we examine the bulk and boundary aspects of the extended phase space description for higher-derivative-corrected black holes.

A bstract We calculate the logarithmic correction to the entropy of asymptotically flat and AdS black holes (rotating, non-rotating, charged, and uncharged) embedded in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton (EMD) theories with U (1)-charged. The leading quantum gravitational corrections are achieved in both extremal and non-extremal limits of black hole temperature by designing a common Euclidean gravity setup that evaluates the “logarithmic term” from one-loop effective actions via heat kernel method-based calculations. EMD theories are universal building blocks of compactified string theory or supergravity models in 4D. For a concrete example, we generalize the entire setup and calculate logarithmic corrections for black holes in U (1) 2 -charged EMD models intersecting with N = 4 ungauged and gauged bosonic supergravity. In contrast to flat backgrounds, all the AdS 4 results are found to be non-topological, providing a wider “infrared window” into the microscopic degrees of freedom of black holes in string theory.

Purpose The hospitality industry experienced an unanticipated challenge from the COVID-19 pandemic. However, research in this area is scarce. Accordingly, this study aims to unfold a three-angled research agenda to intensify the knowledge advancement in the hospitality sector. It proposes a theoretical framework by extending the protection motivation theory (PMT) to explain the guest’s intent to adopt artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics as a protective measure in reaction to COVID-19. Design/methodology/approach The research is centered on outlining the pertinent literature on hospitality management practices and the guest’s transformed behavior during the current crisis. This study intends to identify a research agenda based on investigating hospitality service trends in today’s changing times. Findings The study sets out a research agenda that includes three dimensions as follows: AI and robotics, cleanliness and sanitation and health care and wellness. This study’s findings suggest that AI and robotics may bring out definite research directions at the connection of health crisis and hospitality management, taking into account the COVID-19 crisis. Practical implications The suggested research areas are anticipated to propel the knowledge base and help the hospitality industry retrieve the COVID-19 crisis through digital transformation. AI and robotics are at the cusp of invaluable advancement that can revive the hotels while re-establish guests’ confidence in safe hotel practices. The proposed research areas are likely to impart pragmatic lessons to the hospitality industry to fight against disruptive situations. Originality/value This study stands out to be pioneer research that incorporated AI and robotics to expand the PMT and highlights how behavioral choices during emergencies can bring technological revolution.

The scientific view on dairy fats is undergoing a change. While at one time they were associated with negative health effects, recent scientific research has provided new insights into the functional benefits of dairy fats and their fatty acids. This changing scientific view on dairy fats is also resulting in a scientific interest in Ghee, the clarified butter obtained from milk. Ghee, besides being a traditional milk product of cultural importance in India and finding extensive use in its cuisines, is also one of the most important ingredients of the materia medica of Ayurveda, the traditional system of medicine that originated in India. While modern scientific literature has limited studies on functional benefits of ghee, Ayurveda literature extensively catalogues the therapeutic potential of ghee and details different types of ghee based on source of milk, manufacturing method, maturation and physical phase. This work reviewed the Ayurveda literature on health benefits of ghee and examined the complementarity and gaps between Ayurveda literature and modern scientific literature to identify research questions and hypotheses for further exploring the therapeutic potential of ghee. The Ayurveda literature review involved curation of references to ghee in eleven important Ayurvedic texts spanning over 3000 years. 4000 references to milk and milk products were curated from these texts, of which 2913 mentions were in the context of therapeutic benefits of milk products. Of these, ghee had 774 mentions, the highest amongst milk-based products. These mentions were grouped into 15 benefit clusters. A review of ghee in modern literature published between 1990 and 2023 was also conducted. A comparison of this with the Ayurveda literature showed that there were major differences in the focus areas of health between the two. While recent research primarily focused on ghee's connection with cardiovascular health, wound healing and skin health, Ayurveda prioritized cognitive benefits, gastrointestinal health, and nourishing. These later areas are of growing importance to human health as global population ages, and chronic and brain related diseases start dominating public health concerns. As scientists search for solutions to these, ghee, its usage and formulations in Ayurveda and the detailed associations between ghee's animal source, processing, maturation, phases and health benefits, may have scientific insights to offer that can guide future research.

We study the signal of anisotropy in AGNs/quasars of CatWISE2020 catalogue using different observables. It has been reported earlier that this data shows a strong signal of dipole anisotropy in the source number counts. We test this claim using two independent data analysis procedures and find our number count dipole consistent with the earlier results. In addition to number counts, we test for the anisotropy signal in two other observables – mean spectral index α ¯ and mean flux density S ¯ . We find a strong dipole signal both in the mean spectral index and the mean flux density. The dipole in mean flux density points towards the galactic center and becomes very weak after imposing a flux cut to remove sources with flux greater than 1 mJy. This can be attributed to the presence of some ( ∼ 26,600) bright sources. The signal in the mean spectral index, however, is relatively stable as a function of both flux and galactic cuts. The dipole in this observable points roughly opposite to the galactic center and hence most likely arises due to galactic bias. We consider a simple model of galactic extinction which nicely explains the dipole both in mean spectral index and mean flux density for a wide range of flux and galactic cuts. Hence, the signal in both these parameters does not appear to be of cosmological origin.

A hospital is a very complex organization because it works on all days, at all hours uninterruptedly. The people visiting a hospital are in pain, and the people working in a hospital are diverse ranging from highly skilled medical, paramedical, and technical staff to unskilled employees working as runners, female attendants, and house-keeping staff making it a unique place to be or work in. Hence, a hospital administrator who is at the helm of affairs needs to be mature and tactful in dealing with the staff. A hospital administrator is a professional who oversees the daily operations of a hospital by planning, directing, and coordinating health services. In view of the peculiar nature of the hospital as an organization, the hospital administrator needs to have a multidisciplinary approach applying the principles of public administration, behavioral science, and management skills. He needs to have a balanced approach and find a middle path for multiple issues which are likely to crop up almost daily while working in a hospital. Hospital managers need to possess expertise in the form of strategic skills, perceptive skills, human relation skills, work experience, and personal characteristics in the form of motivation, self-confidence, and courage of decision-making. Hospital administrators should be capable to solve any number of problems quickly and efficiently and must know the best ways to approach a conflict so as not to escalate the situation. The primary focus of hospital administrator is on ensuring high-quality patient care and efficient hospital services and use their administrative skills to manage budgets, funding, and resources.

The longitudinal relationships of within-individual hormone and anthropometric changes during puberty have not ever been fully described. The objectives of this study were to demonstrate that 3 monthly urine collection was feasible in young adolescents and to utilise liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay methods for serum and urine testosterone (T), estradiol (E2) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in adolescents by relating temporal changes in urine and serum hormones over 12 months to standard measures of pubertal development. A community sample of 104 adolescents (57 female) was studied over 12 months with annual anthropometric assessment, blood sampling and self-rated Tanner staging and urine collected every 3 months. Serum and urine sex steroids (T, E2) were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and LH by immunoassay. A high proportion (92%) of scheduled samples were obtained with low attrition rate of 6.7% over the 12 months. Urine hormone measurements correlated cross-sectionally and longitudinally with age, anthropometry and Tanner stage. We have developed a feasible and valid sampling methodology and measurements for puberty hormones in urine, which allows a sampling frequency by which individual pubertal progression in adolescents can be described in depth.

BiFeO 3 nanoparticles have been synthesized by hydrothermal method. Ag nanospheres (1 wt%) have been successfully decorated on the surface of BiFeO 3 nanoparticles by photo-deposition method. XPS study confirms the decoration of Ag on the surface of BiFeO 3 . Synthesized nanoparticles have been characterized by studying their morphological, structural, optical and photocatalytic properties. It has been found that the photocatalytic properties of Ag decorated BiFeO 3 nanoparticles to decompose methylene blue in visible light are far better than those of bare BiFeO 3 nanoparticles. The mechanism of enhanced photocatalytic activities of Ag-decorated BiFeO 3 nanoparticles has been disclosed. Graphical Abstract

A bstract Certain supersymmetric elementary string states with angular momentum can be viewed as small black rings in a five-dimensional string theory. These black rings have zero area event horizon. The 4D-5D connection relates these small rings to small black holes without angular momentum in one less dimension. Recent works have proposed saddle solutions that compute the supersymmetric index for small black holes using gravitational path integral. In this paper, we propose an analogous saddle solution for a five-dimensional small black ring. The dominant contribution comes from a black ring saddle that rotates in both independent planes in five dimensions and has a finite area event horizon. We also write the saddle solution as a three center Bena-Warner solution.

While domestic tourism significantly outpaces international tourism, a notable research scarcity is dedicated to understanding local travel behaviours. This study addresses this gap by proposing and empirically testing a novel conceptual model that integrates the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theory, and tourism ethnocentrism to assess the willingness of individuals to visit local destinations. Data collected from an online survey of 641 respondents indicate that tourism ethnocentrism positively influences attitude and willingness to visit local destinations. Additionally, attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control were found to positively affect the willingness to visit local destinations, which, in turn, positively influenced local travel behaviour. Interestingly, the study also revealed that uncertainty avoidance amplified, while individualism attenuated, the relationship between TPB and tourism ethnocentrism. These findings offer insights for policymakers and local governments, businesses in the tourism industry, local communities, and residents. It also assists in achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, specifically SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth, SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities, SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities, and SDG Responsible Consumption and Production.