Explore the vast range of titles available.

The question of the identity of the issuer of the so-called “Heraios” coinage is analysed, and it is proposed that these series be ascribed to Kujula Kadphises, as already suggested by some scholars. In this regard, the circulation of these coins and the connections established by their imagery are focused upon. Some possible inferences on the original location of Kujula Kadphises are discussed in the concluding part, hypothesizing a southern context different from the northern one commonly ascribed to the founder of the Kushan dynasty.

This article deals with the development of Kushan royal imagery as known from coins in the period between the 1st and the 3rd centuries ad, i.e. from the so-called Heraios series to the coins of Vasudeva. The aim is to challenge the traditional interpretative models which ascribed a crucial role to a Roman contribution, and to highlight instead first the role of the local numismatic tradition, which stretched back to the Graeco-Bactrians, and then the influx of patterns of royal imagery of western Iranian-namely Arsacid Parthian-origin, around the time when Vima Kadphises inaugurated a new imperial coinage.

This article deals with Kushano-Sasanian coins, aiming to interpret the images of deities used on their reverses. The topic has occasionally been discussed in numismatic studies on the Kushano-Sasanian series, and some images have also been examined in archaeological literature on Central Asia. Yet Kushano-Sasanian religious imagery has never really been the subject of specific treatment. In fact, such series provide extremely interesting evidence of the religious imagery of the Sasanian period, due to the conventions which governed typological selection, since these allowed a more varied iconographic repertoire in comparison with what we can see on the imperial issues. Contrary to previous hypotheses of the phenomenon of syncretism produced by the supposed Bactrian religious specificity, the analysis results in a picture showing a fully Zoroastrian imagery, which absorbed iconographic features of Sasanian and Kushan derivation against the background of the presence of the new Sasanian power.

Viene presa in esame la rappresentazione dell’élite tra Battriana e India nord-occidentale di ambito Saka e Yuezhi. L’interpretazione correntemente diffusa secondo la quale gli appartenenti a questi due gruppi sarebbero chiaramente distinguibili in quanto raffigurati in modo differente, un’impostazione che rispecchia l’idea di due orizzonti culturali fondamentalmente diversi, viene messa in discussione in favore di uno scenario alternativo: anziché elaborata indipendentemente dando vita ad un’iconografia reale distinta da quella Saka, la rappresentazione dell’élite Yuezhi – in particolare quella del sovrano – ne è l’erede diretta, in un contesto di sostanziale affinità tra i due gruppi.

(1) Background: We aimed to systematically review the current literature to evaluate if in patients with postoperative endophthalmitis treated with pars plana vitrectomy, silicone oil tamponade could provide a useful contribution to the control and eradication of infection and if it could influence anatomical recovery and functional outcome. (2) Randomized controlled trials, cross-sectional studies, case series, and case reports published in the English language in peer-reviewed journals were included. No restriction was placed based on the study location. We used medical subject headings (MeSH) and text words. We searched MEDLINE (OVID and PubMed), Google Scholar, ISI Web of Science (Thom-on-Reuters), and the Cochrane Library (Wiley) from January 1995 to the present. To ensure literature saturation, we scanned the reference lists of included studies or relevant reviews identified through the search. Risk of Bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for longitudinal studies and Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. (3) Results: abstracts of 75 articles were selected for full-text reading; after full-text reading, 44 articles were taken into consideration in the systematic review. 5 out of 7 in vitro experimental studies demonstrated antimicrobial activity against different species of bacteria and fungi. The use of SO as endotamponade associated with PPV led to better visual acuity and a lower rate of retinal detachment and the need for additional surgery. (4) Conclusions: Silicone oil reduces the risk of postoperative retinal detachment, especially in case of undetected retinal breaks, produces compartmentalization of the eye, may lead to early visual recovery, allows laser photocoagulation, prevents severe postoperative hypotony and has antimicrobic activity due to an inhibitory effect for several species of pathogens. Concerns regarding possible toxic effects on the retina and optic disc, compartmentalization and impaired washout of pathogen toxins have been reported. It may also influence intravitreal antibiotic distribution and clearance.

L’articolo nasce dallo studio archeologico e iconografico della stele in pietra raffigurante un sovrano seduto su trono dal sito di Surkh Kotal in Afghanistan, pubblicata da Daniel Schlumberger nel rapporto finale sul sito del 1983 e discussa lo stesso anno in un articolo di Giovanni Verardi su East and West. La stele fu rinvenuta in pessime condizioni sulla terrazza sommitale del sito, all’estremità nord della fronte della corte. All’estremità opposta furono trovate parti delle tre famose statue di re kushana oggi al Museo di Kabul. La prima parte dell’articolo presenta alcune integrazioni alle letture della stele proposte nel passato. Alla luce di un riesame dei dati pubblicati, si avanza l’ipotesi che i luoghi di ritrovamento della stele e delle statue fossero secondari, e che in origine queste ultime fossero collocate altrove nella terrazza sommitale del santuario. La seconda parte dell’articolo propone, sulla base dei dettagli iconografici, un’ipotesi sull’identificazione dei sovrani rappresentati nella stele e nelle statue e una nuova ricostruzione degli eventi connessi sia alla fondazione che alle fasi ricostruttive e finali del grande santuario.