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IntroductionPeople with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) commonly describe being diagnosed with MS as traumatic. We did a web survey of pwMS to ascertain how many have symptoms compatible with post- traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and how many have been diagnosed with PTSD.MethodsA web survey was conducted from the 18-Dec-20 to the 4-Jan-21 via the shift.ms platform. Shift. ms is a social network of 38,000 pwMS. Data were collected anonymously.Results1079 pwMS (78% female, mean age of 48.3yrs) with an average disease duration since diagnosis of 15.7yrs completed the survey. 58.1% of respondents reported symptoms associated with PTSD in relation to MS. Only 18.1% of respondents had received a formal diagnosis of PTSD. Comments highlighted how the diagnosis of MS was given by a healthcare professional (HCP) as being a major factor in triggering PTSD-like symptoms.ConclusionsPTSD-like symptoms and PTSD are common in pwMS and may be attributable to the way the diagnosis of MS is made. It is important that HCPs are aware of this problem and use empathetic com- munication techniques to try and mitigate against PTSD in this vulnerable group of people.g.giovannoni@qmul.ac.uk87

WSJ's David Breg and Rob Sloan discuss how understanding the costs of a breach can help companies organize defenses and prioritize investments.

In late 2016, hundreds of websites were rendered inaccessible following a distributed denial of service attack against domain name system provider and internet performance manager Dyn Inc. Fortunately, DDoS attacks on this scale are infrequent, but thousands of attacks are launched every day causing operational disruption and financial damage. According to Darren Anstee, chief technology officer at Arbor Networks Inc, a network security company, the number of attacks is growing year on year. According to Arbor Networks Worldwide Infrastructure Security Report, spats between online gamers drive the majority of observed attacks.