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About one-third of college students drop out before finishing their degree. The majority of those remaining will take longer than 4 years to complete their degree at “4-year” institutions. This problem emphasizes the need to identify students who may benefit from support to encourage timely graduation. Here we empirically develop machine learning algorithms, specifically Random Forest, to accurately predict if and when first-time-in-college undergraduates will graduate based on admissions, academic, and financial aid records two to six semesters after matriculation. Credit hours earned, college and high school grade point averages, estimated family (financial) contribution, and enrollment and grades in required gateway courses within a student’s major were all important predictors of graduation outcome. We predicted students’ graduation outcomes with an overall accuracy of 79%. Applying the machine learning algorithms to currently enrolled students allowed identification of those who could benefit from added support. Identified students included many who may be missed by established university protocols, such as students with high financial need who are making adequate but not strong degree progress.

In 1781, Peter Tolson, a merchant in Leeds, wrote a letter responding to his son's proposal to form an import and export partnership with a Mr. Merac. In the letter, he warned his son the risk inherent in all commercial transactions in the eighteenth century. His concerns were natural enough, for to enter into a partnership was to put one's credit--encompassing both assets and reputation--into the hands of another person. Here, Smail attests that honor was a practical necessity for merchants engaged in long-distance trade, for they depended on faraway colleagues to honor their bills of exchange and to maintain the dense web of paper on which flourishing commerce depended.

Taking Care established David Smail as an important social and political analyst whose background happened to be in clinical psychology. In this work he develops the analysis of mental illness, and psychology in general, in the contexts of society, power and interest. People’s experience is embodied in the world in which they exist. Notwithstanding the claims of some, psychology cannot, in the same way that magic cannot, change the nature of that experience fundamentally. At best, psychotherapy might provide a degree of understanding about that limitation. The historical relationship between psychology and magic is examined. The socio-political and economic structures of the society in which we live have the greatest influence on mental health, as on many other matters. Therefore, the individuation of focus in psychology on personal relationships, happiness, and sexuality can significantly miss the point. We need to develop political and social structures that ‘take care’ of people, to enable them to have meaningful ‘public’ lives. In that way feelings of self-worth may be fostered, with individuals being less likely to yield to anxiety and distress. Such an environment is also more likely to be conducive to successful ‘private’ relationships. The unfettered market, allowing some to pursue their interests at the expense of others, it is suggested, is not the mechanism best suited to promote self-worth and minimise anxiety and distress. A wide range of social, political and philosophical commentators are drawn upon, making this a work of scholarship, as well as of contemporary analysis.

In this article, I seek to expand the relatively narrow focus of most work on commercial credit in eighteenth-century England by incorporating culture into an economic analysis. I argue that the various credit regimes that operated in the regional branches of the English wool textile industry are best understood as having a cultural dimension. A comparative analysis of business strategies in these regions suggests that the different cultures of credit had important implications for the development of the textile industry during the eighteenth century, shaping the character of the entrepreneurship of each region's merchants and producers.

In this article, I seek to expand the relatively narrow focus of most work on commercial credit in eighteenth-century England by incorporating culture into an economic analysis. I argue that the various credit regimes that operated in the regional branches of the English wool textile industry are best understood as having a cultural dimension. A comparative analysis of business strategies in these regions suggests that the different cultures of credit had important implications for the development of the textile industry during the eighteenth century, shaping the character of the entrepreneurship of each region's merchants and producers.

Indonesia is the fourth largest country in the world. It comprises more than 17,000 islands inhabited by 230 million people who speak over 300 different languages. Now the world's largest Muslim nation, Indonesia remains extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the waves of immigration-Buddhist, Hindu, Arab, and European-that have defined the region's history.Fifty years after the collapse of Dutch colonial rule, Indonesia is a nation in the midst of dramatic upheaval. In this broad survey, Jean Gelman Taylor explores the connections between the nation's many communities, and the differences that propel contemporary breakaway movements.Drawing on a broad range of sources, including art, archaeology, and literature, Taylor provides a historical overview from the prehistoric period to the present day. The text is enlivened by brief \"capsule\" histories on topics ranging from pepper to Maharajas to smallpox.This ambitious book-the first new history of Indonesia written in over twenty years-will be essential reading for anyone interested in the history of Southeast Asia and the future stability of the region.

It is the main argument of this book that emotional and psychological distress is often brought about through the operation of social-environmental powers which have their origin at a considerable distance from those ultimately subjected to them. On the whole, psychology has concerned itself very little with the field of power which stretches beyond our immediate relations with each other, and this has led to serious limitations on the explanatory power of the theories it has produced. To illustrate this, typical cases of patient distress in the 1980s are examined. The decade when the right-wing of politics proclaimed there was no such thing as society gave rise to psychological distress across social classes, as long-standing societal institutions were dismantled. This is as much a work of sociology, politics, and philosophy, as it is of psychology. Fundamentals of an environmental understanding of distress are outlined. A person is the interaction of a body with the environment. The environment is structured by material power. Power may be coercive, economic, or ideological. Power operates at a varying distance from the person. It is always experienced proximally, but may well originate distally. The operation of power also means the ability of therapy to deal with distress is limited. Therapy essentially consists of three potentially effective elements: provision of comfort; clarification; and encouragement in the use of available powers and resources.

‘Illusion and Reality is a particular gem in David Smail’s oeuvre. It’s a book I’ve recommended or loaned to people in therapy with me more than any other; it addresses the common, and often disabling, predicament of anxiety and does so in a way that is a model of humanity and compassion. It is also genuinely freeing. Its chapter titles are revealing: “The myth of normality”, “The reality of threat”, “Shyness and the self as object” and “The possibility of undeception”. I love this last one with that marvellous new word, so simple, yet so apt. It’s a fine example of a strong strand of his project, of restoring to people a respect for their own subjectivity, “to take heed of one’s intuitive sensitivity” and, by implication, to challenge the false objectivity that is so prevalent in the culture.’ —Paul Gordon, member of the Philadelphia Association and author of The Hope of Therapy, and Face to Face: Therapy as Ethics