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"Smith, Elizabeth E."
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The food we eat, the stories we tell : contemporary Appalachian tables
\"Blue Ridge tacos, kimchi with soup beans and cornbread, family stories hiding in cookbook marginalia, African American mountain gardens-this wide-ranging anthology considers all these and more. Diverse contributors show us that contemporary Appalachian tables and the stories they hold offer new ways into understanding past, present, and future American food practices. The poets, scholars, fiction writers, journalists, and food professionals in these pages show us that what we eat gives a beautifully full picture of Appalachia, where it's been, and where it's going\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Unique macrophage phenotypes activated by BMP signaling in breast cancer bone metastases
Metastatic breast cancer (mBC) tissue in bone was systematically profiled to define the composition of the tumor microenvironment. Gene expression identified a high myeloid signature of patients with improved survival outcomes. Bone metastases were profiled by spatial proteomics to examine myeloid populations within the stroma that correlated with macrophage functions. Single-cell spatial analysis uncovered macrophage activation in the stroma of mBC bone lesions. Matched BC patient samples of primary breast tumor and bone metastasis tissues were compared for gene expression in the bone, where bone morphogenetic protein 2 ( BMP2 ) was most significantly upregulated. Immune cell changes from breast to bone demonstrated a loss of lymphoid cells but a consistent population of macrophages. BMP-activated macrophages were increased uniquely in bone. Bone marrow–derived macrophage activation coupled with BMP inhibition increased inflammatory responses. Using experimental mouse models of mBC bone metastasis and trained immunity, we found that BMP inhibition restricts progression of metastases early in the macrophage activation state but not after tumors were established in the bone. This study revealed unique myeloid BMP activation states that are distinctly integrated with bone metastases.
Journal Article
Prostatic adenocarcinoma CNS parenchymal and dural metastases: alterations in ERG, CHD1 and MAP3K7 expression
Background
Prostatic carcinoma metastatic to dura is commonly encountered at autopsy, but presenting as a dural or, especially parenchymal, brain metastasis during life is far less common. Our group has been interested in two immunohistochemical (IHC) markers previously shown to be downregulated in particularly aggressive primary prostatic carcinomas: CHD1 and MAP3K7. Here we assess protein expression in clinically-relevant CNS metastases. We also assessed how these two markers correlated with the most common genetic alteration in prostate cancer:
TMPRSS2
fusion to
ERG
(40–60% of carcinomas at the primary site), which places ERG expression under the control of the androgen-regulated
TMPRSS2
gene, increasing expression.
Design
Database query, 2000–2016, identified 16 metastases to dura, 5 to brain parenchyma.
Results
Four of five intraparenchymal metastases and 15/16 informative dural-based metastases were ERG-negative (90.5% overall). There was reduced expression of CHD1 in 8/21 and reduced MAP3K7 in 17/21 cases; 7/19 (37%) ERG-negative metastases had dual low expression of CHD1/MAP3K7. ERG-positive cases had high expression of one or both markers.
Conclusion
Metastatic prostatic carcinoma to CNS demonstrates expression patterns consistent with particularly aggressive behavior. Lower ERG expression in dural and intraparenchymal metastases suggests a possibility that ERG-negative tumors with loss of MAP3K7 may become resistant to standard therapies and diffusely metastasize.
Journal Article
Assessment Leadership and Cultural Change
Increased focus on accountability in higher education has resulted in greater demand for assessment leaders to gather, analyze, and use student learning data. As college and university campuses use student learning data for improvement, assessment professionals are called upon to lead change that challenges underlying beliefs and assumptions about assessment, its purposes, and its uses. Cultural change theories can support assessment professionals by providing strategies for leading change. This article examines how strategies from cultural change theories can be applied by assessment leaders to create cultural change, shifting campus cultures surrounding assessment from that of fear and compliance to celebration.
Journal Article
Fascin Is Associated With Aggressive Behavior and Poor Outcome in Uterine Carcinosarcoma
ObjectiveThe mechanisms underlying the histogenesis and aggressiveness of uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) are poorly understood; however, previous studies implicate epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Fascin is a proinvasive, actin-bundling protein and an important component of EMT. It is associated with poor outcomes in human carcinoma, especially in estrogen receptor (ER)–negative tumors arising in organs normally expressing ER. We sought to evaluate fascin expression in UCS and its relationship to ER status, clinicopathologic indicators of tumor aggressiveness, and survival outcomes.MethodForty-four surgically staged cases of UCS were immunohistochemically evaluated for fascin and estrogen receptor-α expression and correlated with clinicopathologic parameters derived from electronic medical records and pathology reports.ResultsFascin was only expressed in malignant epithelium and mesenchyma and was uniformly absent in background benign counterparts. Increased expression was associated with extrapelvic disease (P = 0.028), higher stage (P = 0.021), larger tumor size (P = 0.032), shorter progression-free interval (P = 0.035), and reduced estrogen receptor-α expression (P = 0.04).ConclusionFascin is aberrantly expressed in both elements of UCS and is associated with aggressive behavior and worse outcome. As a component of EMT and mediator of invasion, fascin may serve as a target in future therapies.
Journal Article
Horace Poolaw, Photographer of American Indian Modernity
Laura E. Smith unravels the compelling life story of Kiowa photographer Horace Poolaw (1906-84), one of the first professional Native American photographers. Born on the Kiowa reservation in Anadarko, Oklahoma, Poolaw bought his first camera at the age of fifteen and began taking photos of family, friends, and noted leaders in the Kiowa community, also capturing successive years of powwows and pageants at various fairs, expositions, and other events. Though Poolaw earned some income as a professional photographer, he farmed, raised livestock, and took other jobs to help fund his passion for documenting his community.Smith examines the cultural and artistic significance of Poolaw's life in professional photography from 1925 to 1945 in light of European and modernist discourses on photography, portraiture, the function of art, Native American identity, and American Indian religious and political activism. Rather than through the lens of Native peoples' inevitable extinction or within a discourse of artistic modernism, Smith evaluates Poolaw's photography within art history and Native American history, simultaneously questioning the category of \"fine artist\" in relation to the creative lives of Native peoples.A tour de force of art and cultural history,Horace Poolaw, Photographer of American Indian Modernityilluminates the life of one of Native America's most gifted, organic artists and documentarians and challenges readers to reevaluate the seamlessness between the creative arts and everyday life through its depiction of one man's lifelong dedication to art and community.
eBook
Progress in Bioengineered Whole Tooth Research: from Bench to Dental Patient Chair
Significance
Tooth loss is a significant health issue that affects the physiological and social aspects of everyday life. Missing teeth impair simple tasks of chewing and speaking and can also contribute to reduced self-confidence. An emerging and exciting area of regenerative medicine-based dental research focuses on the formation of bioengineered whole tooth replacement therapies that can provide both the function and sensory responsiveness of natural teeth. This area of research aims to enhance the quality of dental and oral health for those suffering from tooth loss. Current approaches use a combination of dental progenitor cells, scaffolds and growth factors to create biologically based replacement teeth to serve as improved alternatives to currently used artificial dental prosthetics.
Purpose
This article is an overview of current progress, challenges, and future clinical applications of bioengineered whole teeth.
Conclusion
Recent accomplishments suggest that whole tooth bioengineering for human tooth replacement is indeed possible and, in fact, is the future of dentistry.
Journal Article
How are Faculty Rewarded and Recognized for Assessment Work Outside the Classroom?
Although faculty are an important part of collecting, analyzing, and using student learning data for improvement, significant barriers often prevent faculty from being involved in assessment work outside the classroom. One potential obstacle to faculty involvement in assessment is the misalignment between the work and faculty rewards structures. Through a multi-level sequential development mixed methods study, this paper addresses a gap in the assessment literature by describing how faculty are rewarded and recognized for assessment work outside the classroom. Stipends and course releases, food and drinks at assessment meetings, promotion and tenure consideration, and general campus exposure were the rewards most frequently described by faculty participants. Administrators seeking to improve faculty engagement in assessment work should consider creating specific policies permitting assessment work to be included in the promotion and tenure process to both recognize the importance of assessment work and reward faculty for participating in such efforts.
Journal Article
The History of Wisconsin, Volume I
Published in 1973, this first volume in the History of Wisconsin series remains the definitive work on Wisconsin's beginnings, from the arrival of the French explorer Jean Nicolet in 1634, to the attainment of statehood in 1848.
eBook